| 41. |
- Taalbi, Josef
(författare)
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Origins and pathways of innovation in the third industrial revolution.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 28:5, s. 1125-1148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the factors that shaped the long-term evolution of the ICT industry in Sweden, 1950-2013. Using a new historical microdatabase on actual innovation output, the driving forces and technological interdependencies in the third industrial revolution are chronicled. The results of this study support some stylized facts about technological interdependencies in general-purpose technologies: a closely knitted set of industries have provided positive and negative driving forces for the development of ICT innovations. The historical evolution of GPTs can in this perspective be described as a sequence of development blocks.
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| 42. |
- Wagner, Joachim
(författare)
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Credit constraints and exports : a survey of empirical studies using firm-level data
- 2014
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 23:6, s. 1477-1492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business managers are well aware of the fact that credit constraints can hamper or even prevent exporting. Economists only recently started to incorporate these arguments in theoretical models of heterogeneous firms and to test the implications of these models econometrically with firm-level data. Starting with the pioneering study by Greenaway, Guariglia, and Kneller (Journal of International Economics, 2007), a growing number of empirical papers looked at the links between financial constraints and export activities using data at the level of the firm. This article presents a tabular survey of 32 empirical studies that cover 14 different countries plus five multi-country studies. The big picture can be summarized as follows: financial constraints are important for the export decisions of firms: exporting firms are less financially constrained than non-exporting firms. Studies that look at the direction of this link usually report that less constrained firms self-select into exporting, but that exporting does not improve financial health of firms. The article argues that the results at hand should not be considered as stylized facts that can guide policy makers in an evidence-based way and suggests a strategy to further improve our knowledge in this area.
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| 43. |
- Xiao, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Resilience in the European Union : the effect of the 2008 crisis on the ability of regions in Europe to develop new industrial specializations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 27:1, s. 15-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article adopts an evolutionary framework to the study of industrial resilience. We present a study on European regions and assess the extent to which the capacity of their economies to develop new industrial specializations is affected by the global economic crisis of 2008. We compare levels of industry entry in European regions in the period 2004-2008 and 2008-2012, i.e. before and after a major economic disturbance. Resilient regions are defined as regions that show high entry levels or even increase their entry levels after the shock. Related and unrelated variety exhibit a positive effect on regional resilience, especially on the entry of knowledge-intensive industries after the shock.
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| 44. |
- Zander, Ivo
(författare)
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The formation of international innovation networks in the multinational corporation: An evolutionary perspective
- 2002
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Ingår i: Industrial and corporate change. - : Oxford Publishing Limited (England). - 1464-3650 .- 0960-6491. ; 11:2, s. 327-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The internationalization of technological capabilities in the multinational corporation has produced a growing number of conceptual frameworks that emphasize the ability to leverage innovation activities in the international innovation network. In particular, it has been stressed that increasingly complex and diverse structures generally provide opportunities to integrate and recombine knowledge across geographically dispersed units. The present study suggests that conceptual work has paid insufficient attention to the relationship between process and structure in the evolving international innovation network. An in-depth, longitudinal study of ASEA/Brown Boveri/ABB underlines the importance of considering historical growth processes and firm-specific events in evaluating the multinational's ability to integrate and recombine knowledge on a global basis. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
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| 45. |
- Zhang, Lihua, et al.
(författare)
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The emergence and organizational persistence of business groups in China, Japan, and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 25:6, s. 885-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The existence of business groups has to be discussed in a systematic and comparative way. This article analyzes business groups in three countries, China, Japan, and Sweden, by providing a view as to why and how business groups solve economic problems, and how the specific national context of the group affects its substance and performance. Our first observation is that the business groups studied emerged at times of institutional instability and persisted, thanks to cooperative capitalism and an export-oriented economy. Second, our business groups have used a diversification strategy at the group level in order to share risks and reduce costs at the firm level. Third, business groups seemed to reduce problems associated with high management costs and risk when many industries were held together in a single, large enterprise. With regard to internal markets, there seemed to be national differences in intra-firm behavior and the ways in which national governments mobilized business groups to reach certain economic and social goals. The emergence and persistence of successful business groups indicate that the Anglo-Saxon model of the firm is neither the only one, nor superior.
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| 46. |
- Zhou, Yuan, et al.
(författare)
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China’s leadership in the hydropower sector : identifying green windows of opportunity for technological catch-up
- 2020
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 29:5, s. 1319-1343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From the sectoral systems of innovation perspective, the windows of opportunity (hereafter referred to as WoOs) for industrial latecomers to catch-up could be opened up through abrupt changes in the technological, market, and institutional dimensions. Existing literature discusses different dimensional changes in isolation. Nevertheless, for green industries, the systemic interplay of these dimensions is of key importance; yet few studies have probed into this. These limitations in the literature are largely rooted in the lack of novel methods to detect and specify these abrupt changes, especially in a quantitative way. This paper, therefore, proposes a framework combining natural language processing methods with experts’ knowledge to detect these abrupt changes—named turbulences—by using multi-source heterogeneous data, in order to better identify the co-occurrences and interactions of turbulences across the technological, market, and institutional dimensions that have a high probability to open up WoOs. We apply this framework to analyze China’s hydropower sector as a case study. The hydropower sector is considered a “green” energy sector, in which China, as this study finds, has recently gained technological leadership. By analyzing the interactions between these multiple dimensions of WoOs, we discover that institutional turbulences proactively intertwine with other turbulences, and collectively form Green WoOs for the successful catch-up of China’s hydropower sector.
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| 47. |
- Åstebro, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Does academic entrepreneurship pay?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Industrial and Corporate Change. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0960-6491 .- 1464-3650. ; 22:1, s. 281-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the private returns for academics that start new businesses. Total earnings for the universe of 478 individuals working at Swedish universities who quit to become full-time entrepreneurs between 1999 and 2008 are compiled. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first analysis of entrepreneurial returns to include capital gains. Entrepreneurship for academics appears a gradual process and episodic. Earnings are similar before and after becoming an entrepreneur, and dividends and capital gains are inconsequential. But the income risk is more than three times higher in entrepreneurship.
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