| 561. |
- Leijon, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Gender trends in sick-listing with musculoskeletal symptoms in a Swedish county during a period of rapid increase in sickness absence
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 0300-8037. ; 26:3, s. 204-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sickness absence and disability pension due to musculoskeletal diagnoses has increased in Sweden.Study objective — To study gender trends in sickness absence with musculoskeletal diagnoses and its changes in 1985—87.Design — A prospective population-based study of all new sick-leave spells exceeding seven days in 1985—87. Sickness absence with "all diagnoses'' was compared to "all musculoskeletal diagnoses'', the latter group was also divided into three sub-groups.Setting — The county of Östergötland, Sweden.Participants — All sick-leave insured aged 16—65; 107,000 women and 100,000 men.Results — More women than men were sick-listed in "all diagnoses'' in 1985. There were corresponding gender differences in sickness absence with musculoskeletal diagnoses except with the diagnosis "low back pain''. Sick-listing with musculoskeletal diagnoses increased for both women and men from 1985 to 1987, but the increase was consistently much higher for women, especially for younger women.
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| 562. |
- Leijon, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Repeated short-term sick-leave as a possible symptom of psycho-social problems
- 1984
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 0300-8037. ; 12:4, s. 165-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of a research project concerning repeated short-term sick-leave an intensive study has been performed aiming at estimating the frequency and character of psycho-social problems in a population with a minimum of six short sick spells during a 12-month period, in comparison with an age- and sex-matched sample of patients who went to the local general practitioner in the same area. The results show that psycho-social problems are twice as common in the group with repeated short-term sick-leave.
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| 563. |
- Leijon, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Sickness absence due to musculoskeletal diagnoses: association with occupational gender segregation.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 32:2, s. 94-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders represent a considerable public health problem and the most common diagnoses behind sickness absence and disability pensions. However, little is known about how sickness absence with these diagnoses varies with the strong gender segregation of the labour market. AIMS: A study was undertaken to investigate the association between musculoskeletal-related sickness absence and occupational gender segregation. METHODS: The study was population based, and included all new sick-leave spells exceeding seven days due to musculoskeletal diagnoses, comprising neckl shoulder pain, low back pain, and osteoarthritis in Ostergötland county, Sweden, which has 393,000 inhabitants (5%, of the national population). The participants were all sick-leave insured employed persons in Ostergötland (n = 182,663) in 1985. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of musculoskeletal-related sickness absence (>7 days) was higher for women (7.5%, 95% confidence interval [C.I.] 7.3-7.7) than for men, (5.8%, C.I. 5.6-5.9), and the same was true for the mean number of sick-leave days (women 81, C.I. 78-83; men 65, C.I. 63-68). Grouping occupations according to degree of numerical gender segregation revealed the highest incidence and duration of sickness absence for women in male-dominated occupations. For both genders, the lowest cumulative incidence and duration occurred in gender-integrated occupations. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate a strong association between occupational gender segregation and musculoskeletal-related sickness absence. Further studies are needed to elucidate gender segregation of the labour market in relation to health and rehabilitation measures.
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| 564. |
- Leijon, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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How common is change of primary diagnosis during an episode of sickness benefit? : A register study of medical sickness certificates issued 2010-2012 in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:1, s. 44-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aims of this study were to investigate how common it is to change primary diagnosis between different diagnostic chapters during a sick-leave spell, and to explore patterns of diagnostic changes. Methods: The unit for analysis was episode of sickness benefit, that is, sick leave >14 days, which commenced between 2010 and 2012 in Sweden. For each case, the primary diagnosis was retrieved from the first and last/latest medical sickness certificate, respectively. The number of days of sickness benefit was linked to the cases. Any change of primary diagnosis was analysed by diagnostic chapter according to the ICD-10, and this was done separately for women and men. Results: In total, 803,041 cases of sickness benefit (63% women) were included in the study. During a sick-leave spell, 7.1% of female cases and 6.6% of male cases changed their primary diagnosis to a diagnosis from another diagnostic chapter. The change of primary diagnosis increased with the number of days with sickness benefit. For female cases, this increase was from 2.0% for cases that lasted 15-30 days to 20.2% for cases that lasted >365 days. For male cases, the corresponding increase was from 1.8% to 21.2%. A change of primary diagnosis was least common among those initially sick-listed for mental disorders and musculoskeletal disorders. The patterns of diagnostic changes were rather similar for women and men. Conclusions: A change of diagnosis during a sick-leave spell needs to be taken into consideration by the sickness insurance system and in the actions taken by its administration. Registry-based studies of sickness insurance need to consider diagnostic changes in both the study design and the interpretation of results.
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| 565. |
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| 566. |
- Li, Xinjun, et al.
(författare)
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Risks of small-for-gestational-age births in immigrants: A nationwide epidemiological study in Sweden.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 40:7, s. 634-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To examine if there is an association between country of birth in parents and small-for-gestational-age (defined as a birthweight of more than two standard deviations (SDs) below the mean) in first singletons births. Methods: In this follow-up study, national population and healthcare registers were used to identify small-for-gestational-age births in all first singleton births in Sweden between 1 January 1982 and 31 December 2006. Odds ratios, standardised with regard to maternal age at birth, period of birth, marital status, family income, geographical region, employment, maternal height, and smoking history, were estimated by maternal and paternal country of birth. Singletons with both parents born in Sweden were used as reference group. Results: There were 1,060,467 records for first singletons births over the study period, of whom 3.5% were small-for-gestational-age. The rate was higher in newborns with non-Swedish born than in those with Swedish born mothers (4.1 and 3.3%, respectively). Immigrants from Southern European countries, Africa, and Asia had higher risks of small-for-gestational-age in than those in the reference group, and the risks were even higher in compatriot parents. CONCLUSIONS: Country of birth affected the risk of small-for-gestational-age. Maternity care should pay a special attention to pregnancies in certain population groups.
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| 567. |
- Lidin, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of a Swedish lifestyle intervention programme on lifestyle habits and quality of life in people with increased cardiovascular risk.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 46:6, s. 613-622
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a structured intervention programme on lifestyle habits and quality of life after six months and one year in participants with increased cardiovascular risk.METHODS: Participants aged ≥18 years with increased cardiovascular risk were referred from primary health care and hospitals. The programme was launched at an outpatient clinic in a department of cardiology at a university hospital. It consisted of individual visits to a nurse for a health check-up and lifestyle counselling at baseline, after six months and at one year. In addition, five group sessions - focusing on nicotine, alcohol, physical activity, eating habits, stress, sleep and behavioural change - were offered to the participants and their relatives or friends. Lifestyle habits and quality of life were assessed with questionnaires at baseline, after six months and at one year.RESULTS: One hundred participants (64 women, 36 men, age 58±11 years) were included in the programme. Compared with the baseline, significant and favourable changes in reported lifestyle habits were noted. Exercise levels were higher after one year and sedentary time decreased from 7.4 to 6.3 h/day. Dietary habits improved and the number of participants with a high consumption of alcohol decreased. Quality of life improved after one year.CONCLUSIONS: Participating in a structured lifestyle programme resulted in improved lifestyle habits and quality of life over one year in people with increased cardiovascular risk. Components such as an inter-professional teamwork, a focus on lifestyle rather than the disease, and combining individual visits and group sessions, might be central to the positive outcome of the programme.
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| 568. |
- Lidwall, U, et al.
(författare)
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Gender equality and sick leave among first-time parents in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 48:2, s. 164-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To examine gender equality in the family and sick leave among first-time parents. Methods: Heterosexuals who became first-time parents between 2002 and 2009 ( N = 223,332) were identified in national registers. Gender equality in the family was evaluated by parental insurance and income from gainful employment representing the domestic and work spheres respectively and was defined as each parent contributing 40–60% of the family total. The risk of a new medically certified sick-leave spell (>14 days) was evaluated by hazard ratio (HR) using the Cox proportional hazard regression, adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors. Results: Gender equality was associated with an increased risk of sick leave compared with traditional roles where women had the main responsibility in the domestic sphere and men in the work sphere (HR 1.30 in women and 1.19 in men). In addition, situations with one partner exposed to double burden or untraditional settings were associated with an increased risk. Conclusions: Equal sharing or taking the lion’s share of paid work and domestic responsibilities were associated with an increased risk of sick leave among first-time parents in Sweden. Family-friendly policies are important for facilitating the life of dual earner families, but do not fully counteract the work–life demands of first-time parents.
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| 569. |
- Lilja, Josefine L., et al.
(författare)
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The protective effects of Swedish COVID-19 pandemic strategies on adolescents' mental health : a longitudinal cohort study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 52:3, s. 354-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate a cohort of Swedish eighth graders' mental health and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Participants were 157 eighth graders recruited in junior high schools during 2020 who completed a depression questionnaire and a survey about their psychosocial health in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, alongside a follow-up assessment in 2021. Analyses were conducted using latent change score and cross-lagged models.Results: Participants' depressive symptoms did not substantially increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. The level of depressive symptoms in 2020 was significantly associated with participants' perceptions of the pandemic in 2020 and spring 2021. Participants with higher depression scores reported worse experiences of the pandemic.Conclusions: The stable level of depressive symptoms among this cohort of eighth graders suggested that keeping schools open during a nationwide lockdown could mitigate some mental health consequences. Adolescents in this study with higher self-assessed depressive symptoms were more likely to experience increased depression after 6 months and had worse experiences during the pandemic than others. This suggests that the pandemic may not immediately affect mental well-being, but those at risk may be affected over time.
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| 570. |
- Liljas, AEM, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities for transitional care and care continuity following hospital discharge of older people in three Nordic cities: A comparative study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 52:1, s. 5-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To outline and discuss care transitions and care continuity following hospital discharge of older people with complex care needs in three Nordic cities: Copenhagen, Tampere and Stockholm. Methods: Data on potential pathways following hospital discharge of older people were obtained from existing literature and expert consultations. The pathways for each system were outlined and presented in three figures. The hospital discharge process of the systems was then compared. Results: In all three care systems, the main care path from hospital is to home. Short-term intermediate healthcare can be provided in all three systems, possibly creating additional care transitions; however, once home, extensive home healthcare may prevent further care transitions. Opportunities for continuity of care include needs assessments (all cities) and meetings with the patient about care upon return home (Copenhagen, Stockholm). Yet this is challenged by lack of transfer of information (Tampere) and patients’ having to apply for some services themselves (Tampere, Stockholm). Conclusions: Comparisons of the discharge processes studied suggest that despite individual care planning and short- and long-term care options, transitional care and care continuity are challenged by limited access as some services need to be applied for by the older person themselves.
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