| 11. |
- Andersson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Adequate iodine nutrition in Sweden: a cross-sectional national study of urinary iodine concentration in school-age children.
- 2009
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Ingår i: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 63:7, s. 828-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objectives:Sweden has a long-standing salt iodization program; however, its effects on iodine intake have never been monitored on a national level. The objective of this study was to evaluate iodine nutrition in the Swedish population by measuring the urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in a national sample of Swedish school-age (6-12 years of age) children.Subjects/Methods:A stratified probability proportionate to size cluster sampling method was used to obtain a representative national sample of school-age children from 30 clusters. Spot urine samples were collected for UIC analysis using a modified Sandell-Kolthoff method.Results:The median UIC of the children (n=857) was 125 mug/l (range 11-757 mug/l). The proportion of children with a UIC <100 mug/l was 30.0% and the proportion of children with a UIC <50 and >300 mug/l was 5.5 and 3.0%, respectively.Conclusions:The iodine nutritional status of the Swedish population is adequate. Iodized table salt remains the main dietary source of iodine in Swedish diet. Recommendations to reduce total salt intake in the population urge increased use of iodized salt in the production of processed foods. Pregnant and lactating women with high iodine requirements may still be at risk for low iodine intake. This study will serve as the basis for future monitoring of iodine nutritional status in Sweden.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 10 September 2008; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.46.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Susan W, et al.
(författare)
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Intake of dietary plant sterols is inversely related to serum cholesterol concentration in men and women in the EPIC Norfolk population: a cross-sectional study
- 2004
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 58:10, s. 1378-1385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We examined the relation between intake of natural dietary plant sterols and serum lipid concentrations in a free-living population. Design, setting and participants: Cross-sectional population-based study of 22 256 men and women aged 39 - 79 y resident in Norfolk, UK, participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC-Norfolk). Main exposure and outcome measures: Plant sterol intake from foods and concentrations of blood lipids. Results: Mean concentrations of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, adjusted for age, body mass index and total energy intake, decreased with increasing plant sterol intake in men and women. Mean total serum cholesterol concentration for men in the highest fifth of plant sterol intake ( mean intake 463 mg daily) was 0.25 mmol/l lower and for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 0.14 mmol/l lower than those in the lowest fifth of plant sterol consumption ( mean intake 178 mg daily); the corresponding figures in women were 0.15 and 0.13 mmol/l. After adjusting for saturated fat and fibre intakes, the results for total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were similar, although the strength of the association was slightly reduced. Conclusions: In a free-living population, a high intake of plant sterols is inversely associated with lower concentrations of total and low-density lipoprotein serum cholesterol. The plant sterol content of foods may partly explain diet-related effects on serum cholesterol concentration.
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| 13. |
- Arsov, S., et al.
(författare)
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The influence of body mass index on the accumulation of advanced glycation end products in hemodialysis patients
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 69:3, s. 309-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The level of skin autofluorescence (AF) at a given moment is an independent predictor of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Skin AF is a measure of the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of nutrition on the 1-year increase of skin AF (Delta AF) in HD patients.SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 156 HD patients were enrolled in this study. Skin AF, body mass index (BMI), superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, C-reactive protein, inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1, von Willebrand factor and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein were measured four times at intervals of approximately half a year. Data from the monthly routine blood analysis were also used. Daily calorie, protein and AGE intakes were assessed from food recordings over a period of 1 week.RESULTS: A J-shaped relation was found between baseline BMI and Delta AF (P = 0.01). The lowest point of the J-shaped curve is found for BMI = 24.3 kg/m(2). In the univariate analysis of the contributors to the 1-year Delta AF, we found that beside BMI = 24.3 kg/m(2), AGE and calorie intakes, as well as myeloperoxidase and HD vintage, had a P < 0.10. The sole independent predictor of the 1-year Delta AF was BMI = 24.3 kg/m(2) (P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: It appears that calorie, protein and AGE intakes hardly influence the 1-year Delta AF in HD patients. BMI of HD patients of around 24 kg/m(2) resulted in a lower 1-year Delta AF.
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| 14. |
- Assey, V. D., et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable universal salt iodization in low-income countries : time to re-think strategies?
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 62:2, s. 292-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Sustained iodine deficiency control requires sustainable mechanisms for iodine supplementation. We aim to describe the status of salt iodation machines, salt producers' experiences and quality of salt produced in Tanzania. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative data was collected from the factory sites, observations were made on the status of UNICEF-supplied assisted-iodation machines and convenience samples of salt from 85 salt production facilities were analysed for iodine content. Results: A total of 140 salt works visited had received 72 salt iodation machines in 1990s, but had largely abandoned them due to high running and maintenance costs. Locally devised simple technology was instead being used to iodate salt. High variability of salt iodine content was found and only 7% of samples fell within the required iodation range. Conclusion: Although iodine content at factory level is highly variable, overall iodine supply to the population has been deemed largely sufficient. The need for perpetual iodine fortification requires reassessment of salt iodation techniques and production-monitoring systems to ensure sustainability. The emerging local technologies need evaluation as alternative approaches for sustaining universal salt iodation in low-income countries with many small-scale salt producers.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Axling, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of rose hip intake on risk markers of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over investigation in obese persons.
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 66:5, s. 585-590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:In studies performed in mice, rose hip powder has been shown to both prevent and reverse high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance as well as reduce plasma levels of cholesterol. The aim of this study was to investigate whether daily intake of rose hip powder over 6 weeks exerts beneficial metabolic effects in obese individuals.SUBJECTS/METHODS:A total of 31 obese individuals with normal or impaired glucose tolerance were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study in which metabolic effects of daily intake of a rose hip powder drink over 6 weeks was compared with a control drink. Body weight, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, blood lipids and markers of inflammation were assessed in the subjects.RESULTS:In comparison with the control drink, 6 weeks of daily consumption of the rose hip drink resulted in a significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (-3.4%; P=0.021), total plasma cholesterol (-4.9%; P=0.0018), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (-6.0%; P=0.012) and LDL/HDL ratio (-6.5%; P=0.041). The Reynolds risk assessment score for cardiovascular disease was decreased in the rose hip group compared with the control group (-17%; P=0.007). Body weight, diastolic blood pressure, glucose tolerance, and plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, incretins and markers of inflammation did not differ between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS:Daily consumption of 40 g of rose hip powder for 6 weeks can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk in obese people through lowering of systolic blood pressure and plasma cholesterol levels.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 14 December 2011; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.203.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Bel-Serrat, S, et al.
(författare)
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Clustering of multiple lifestyle behaviours and its association to cardiovascular risk factors in children: the IDEFICS study.
- 2013
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Ingår i: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Individual lifestyle behaviours have independently been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors in children. This study aimed to identify clustered lifestyle behaviours (dietary, physical activity (PA) and sedentary indicators) and to examine their association with CVD risk factors in children aged 2-9 years.SUBJECTS/METHODS:Participants included 4619 children (51.6% boys) from eight European countries participating in the IDEFICS cross-sectional baseline survey (2007-2008). Insulin resistance, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, triglycerides, sum of two skinfolds and systolic blood pressure (SBP) z-scores were summed to compute a CVD risk score. Cluster analyses stratified by sex and age groups (2 to <6 years; 6-9 years) were performed using parental-reported data on fruit, vegetables and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption, PA performance and television video/DVD viewing.RESULTS:Five clusters were identified. Associations between CVD risk factors and score, and clusters were obtained by multiple linear regression using cluster 5 ('low beverages consumption and low sedentary') as the reference cluster. SBP was positively associated with clusters 1 ('physically active'; β=1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02, 2.67), 2 ('sedentary'; β=1.84; 95% CI: 0.57, 3.11), 3 ('physically active and sedentary'; β=1.45; 95% CI: 0.15, 2.75) and 4 ('healthy diet'; β=1.83; 95% CI: 0.50, 3.17) in older boys. A positive association was observed between CVD risk score and clusters 2 (β=0.60; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.01), 3 (β=0.55; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.97) and 4 (β=0.60, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.02) in older boys.CONCLUSIONS:Low television/video/DVD viewing levels and low SSB consumption may result in a healthier CVD profile rather than having a diet rich in fruits and vegetables or being physically active in (pre-)school children.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 1 May 2013; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.84.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Benetou, V, et al.
(författare)
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Diet and hip fractures among elderly Europeans in the EPIC cohort
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 65:1, s. 132-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a prospective study of the elderly, diet, including consumption of dairy products, alcohol and vitamin D, did not appear to play a major role in hip fracture incidence. There is however, weak and statistically non-significant evidence that vegetable and fish consumption and intake of polyunsaturated lipids may have a beneficial, whereas saturated lipid intake a detrimental effect.
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