| 41. |
- Boe, Anette S., et al.
(författare)
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Autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase and side-chain cleavage enzyme in autoimmune Addison's disease are mainly immunoglobulin G1
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 150:1, s. 49-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the steroidogenic enzymes 21-hydroxylase (21OH) and side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC) are important diagnostic markers for autoimmune Addison's disease and autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) types I and II. The characterization of autoantibody (IgG) subclasses may reveal information on how tIssue destruction takes place; therefore, IgG subtypes of anti-21OH and anti-SCC antibodies from sera of patients with Addison's disease, APS I and APS II were determined using recombinant 21OH and SCC. METHODS: SCC(51-521) and his-SCC(51-521) were expressed by pET-scc in the Escherichia coli strain BL21 Star (DE3) and inclusion bodies were purified. Full-length, human 21OH fused to an N-terminal 6x histidine affinity tag was expressed in insect cells by using the baculovirus expression system bac-to-bac. Western blots were used to investigate the IgG subtype(s) of the autoantibodies against 21OH and SCC in patients and healthy blood donors. RESULTS: All anti-SCC positive sera (n=10) contained autoantibodies of the IgG1 subclass, while four out of ten also contained IgG3. All anti-21OH positive sera (n=16) had autoantibodies exclusively against IgG1. Sera from 20 healthy subjects did not show any reactivity against 21OH or SCC. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of a predominating IgG1 response against 21OH and SCC may suggest that T helper (Th) cells of the Th1 subclass are involved in destruction of the adrenal cortex in patients with autoimmune Addison's disease.
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| 42. |
- Boguszewski, M. C. S., et al.
(författare)
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Safety of growth hormone replacement in survivors of cancer and intracranial and pituitary tumours: a consensus statement
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 186:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth hormone (GH) has been used for over 35 years, and its safety and efficacy has been studied extensively. Experimental studies showing the permissive role of GH/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) in carcinogenesis have raised concerns regarding the safety of GH replacement in children and adults who have received treatment for cancer and those with intracranial and pituitary tumours. A consensus statement was produced to guide decision-making on GH replacement in children and adult survivors of cancer, in those treated for intracranial and pituitary tumours and in patients with increased cancer risk. With the support of the European Society of Endocrinology, the Growth Hormone Research Society convened a Workshop, where 55 international key opinion leaders representing 10 professional societies were invited to participate. This consensus statement utilized: (1) a critical review paper produced before the Workshop, (2) five plenary talks, (3) evidence-based comments from four breakout groups, and (4) discussions during report-back sessions. Current evidence reviewed from the proceedings from the Workshop does not support an association between GH replacement and primary tumour or cancer recurrence. The effect of GH replacement on secondary neoplasia risk is minor compared to host- and tumour treatment-related factors. There is no evidence for an association between GH replacement and increased mortality from cancer amongst GH-deficient childhood cancer survivors. Patients with pituitary tumour or craniopharyngioma remnants receiving GH replacement do not need to be treated or monitored differently than those not receiving GH. GH replacement might be considered in GH-deficient adult cancer survivors in remission after careful individual risk/benefit analysis. In children with cancer predisposition syndromes, GH treatment is generally contraindicated but may be considered cautiously in select patients.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Boonen, Steven, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of bone remodelling rate on quantitative ultrasound parameters at the calcaneus and DXA BMDa of the hip and spine in middle-aged and elderly European men: the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS)
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - 1479-683X. ; 165:6, s. 977-986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the influence of sex hormones on markers of bone turnover and to explore the association between these markers and bone health in middle-aged and elderly European men. Design: A cross-sectional population-based survey. Methods: Men aged 40-79 years were recruited from population registers in eight European centres. Subjects completed a postal questionnaire which included questions concerning lifestyle and were invited to undergo quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the calcaneus and to provide a fasting blood sample from which the bone markers serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) and crosslinks (beta C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (beta-cTX)), total testosterone, total oestradiol (E-2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) were measured. Dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the hip and lumbar spine was performed in two centres. Results: A total of 3120, mean age 59.9 years (S.D. = 11.0) were included. After adjustment for centre, age, height, weight, lifestyle factors, season and other hormones, total and free E-2 were negatively associated with beta-cTX but not P1NP while SHBG, IGF1 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were positively associated with both beta-cTX and P1NP. Total or free testosterone was not independently associated with either bone marker. After the same adjustments, higher levels of both bone markers were significantly associated with lower QUS parameters and lower DXA-assessed bone density at the total hip and lumbar spine. Conclusions: E-2, SHBG, IGF1 and PTH contribute significantly to the regulation/rate of bone turnover in middle-aged and older European men. Higher rates of bone remodelling are negatively associated with male bone health.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Bülow, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Adrenal incidentaloma - follow-up results from a Swedish prospective study
- 2006
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0804-4643 .- 1479-683X. ; 154:3, s. 419-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To examine the risk of developing adrenal carcinomas and clinically overt hypersecreting tumours during short-term follow-up in patients with adrenal incidentalomas. DESIGN: 229 (98 males and 131 females) patients with adrenal incidentalomas were investigated in a prospective follow-up study (median time 25 months; range 3-108 months). The patients were registered between January 1996 and July 2001 and followed until December 2004. Twenty-seven Swedish hospitals contributed with follow-up results. METHODS: Diagnostic procedures were undertaken according to a protocol including reinvestigation with computed tomography scans after 3-6 months, 15-18 months and 27-30 months, as well as hormonal evaluation at baseline and after 27-30 months of follow-up. Operation was recommended when the incidentaloma size increased or if there was a suspicion of a hypersecreting tumour. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis of the 229 patients included in the follow-up study was 64 years (range 28-84 years) and the median size of the adrenal incidentalomas when discovered was 2.5 cm (range 1-8 cm). During the follow-up period, an increase in incidentaloma size of > or =0.5 cm was reported in 17 (7.4%) and of > or =1.0 cm was reported in 12 (5.2%) of the 229 patients. A decrease in size was seen in 12 patients (5.2%). A hypersecreting tumour was found in 2% of the hormonally investigated patients: Cushing's syndrome (n = 2) and phaeochromocytoma (n = 1). Eleven patients underwent adrenalectomy, but no cases of primary adrenal malignancy were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with adrenal incidentaloma had a low risk of developing malignancy or hormonal hypersecretion during a short-term follow-up period.
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| 50. |
- Bulow, B., et al.
(författare)
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Increased leptin and tumour necrosis factor alpha per unit fat mass in hypopituitary women without growth hormone treatment
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Endocrinology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1479-683X .- 0804-4643. ; 145:6, s. 737-742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The adipocyte products, leptin and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha are associated with atherosclerotic diseases and may be factors contributing to the enhanced cardiovascular risk in hypopituitary patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Objective: To investigate whether leptin and TNF alpha are increased in a group of hypopituitary women previously found to have increased cardiovascular morbidity, and to compare them with matched individuals of the same sex and age and with similar body composition. Design and Patients: Thirty-three GH-deficient women with a median age of 64 years (range 39-77 years) were investigated cross-sectionally. The patients were compared with 33 controls matched for sex, age, smoking habits, educational level and residence. Methods: Body composition was measured by bioimpedance analysis. Fasting concentrations of leptin, TNF alpha and insulin were analysed in patients and controls. Results: There was no significant difference in body mass index or fat mass between patients and controls (both P greater than or equal to 0.4). Serum leptin did not differ significantly between patients and controls. However, when serum leptin concentrations were expressed per kilogram fat mass, the patients had significantly greater concentrations (P = 0.01). Serum TNF alpha and TNF alpha per kilogram fat mass were also significantly greater in the patients (both P = 0.001). In contrast, serum insulin did not differ significantly between patients and controls. In the patients, serum leptin concentrations correlated positively with kilogram fat mass (r = 0.54, P = 0.002). Leptin concentration per kilogram fat mass was positively correlated with insulin (r = 0.40. P = 0.03). Conclusions: In contrast to serum concentrations of TNF alpha. serum leptin did not differ from that in controls, implying that leptin is not a major contributor to the previously found increase in cardiovascular morbidity in the hypopituitary women investigated. However, the patients had increased leptin concentrations per unit fat mass, indicating an altered adipocyte secretory function in this group.
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