| 41. |
- Nilsson, Maria H, et al.
(författare)
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Fear of falling and falls in people with Parkinson's disease treated with deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nuclei.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 123:6, s. 424-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nilsson MH, Rehncrona S, Jarnlo G-B. Fear of falling and falls in people with Parkinson's disease treated with deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nuclei. Acta Neurol Scand: 2011: 123: 424-429. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Background - No previous study prospectively investigated the effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on fear of falling (FOF) and falls. Aim - The aim was to prospectively explore whether FOF and fall rate were affected after STN stimulation in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods - Twenty participants (mean age: 65 , SD 6.4) were included. Falls and near falls were recorded (fall diary) during 3 months before and 1 year after surgery. FOF was evaluated using the Falls-Efficacy Scale, Swedish version, FES(S), and the modified Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling in the Elderly (SAFFE). Results- After surgery, the FES(S) scores of complex activities improved (P = 0.026), i.e. median 34 (q1-q3, 26-50) vs 43 (32-55). SAFFE scores also improved (P = 0.007): median 25 (22-30) versus 22 (18-27). The rate of near falls decreased (P = 0.014). Nine participants reported no near falls. For the remaining ten participants, the median near fall rate decreased from 6 (3-17) to 2 (1-8). The rate of falls showed no significant (P > 0.3) difference. Conclusions - After surgery, fewer activities were avoided owing to the risk of falling, and fall-related self-efficacy had improved during complex activities. The rate of near falls decreased. The results cannot support any change in fall rate.
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| 42. |
- Nilsson, Maria H, et al.
(författare)
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Freezing of Gait Questionnaire: validity and reliability of the Swedish version.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 120:5, s. 331-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - Patient-reported assessments of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD), such as the FOG questionnaire (FOGQ), are needed because FOG is difficult to assess objectively. However, the measurement properties of the FOGQ have been sparsely assessed. Aim - To assess the measurement properties of the Swedish FOGQ, and to explore relationships between FOGQ scores and other aspects of PD. Methods - Thirty-seven people with PD were assessed with the FOGQ, Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr (HY), Falls-Efficacy Scale [FES(S)], timed gait tests, and the SF-36 physical functioning (PF) scale. Results - Mean (SD) FOGQ item scores ranged between 1.3 and 2.1 (1.2-1.5); corrected item-total correlations ranged between 0.80 and 0.94. Reliability was 0.95. Mean (SD) and median (q1-q3) FOGQ scores were 9.6 (7.4) and 10 (2-15). Floor and ceiling effects were
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| 43. |
- Nilsson, S., et al.
(författare)
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A relationship between migraine and biliary tract disorders: findings in two Swedish samples of elderly twins
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 122:4, s. 286-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives - To investigate whether there is a relationship between the clinical occurrence of migraine and biliary tract disorders (BTD) and to study whether there is a genetic influence on such an association. Materials and Methods - The near lifetime morbidity for migraine and BTD was examined in two Swedish twin-samples: OCTO-Twin (149 MZ and 202 DZ pairs; 234 men, 468 women; 80 years of age or older at inclusion), and the GENDER study (249 unlike-sex DZ-pairs; 70-80 years of age at inclusion). The diagnosis of BTD was established by perusal of medical records from the last twenty years. The diagnosis of migraine was based on iterated questionnaires and personal interviews. Results - The odds ratio (OR) of BTD among OCTO-Twin subjects suffering from migraine was 3.5 (1.9-6.7) in monozygotic pairs and 1.7 (1.0-2.9) in dizygotic pairs The corresponding figures among the GENDER unlike-sex DZ-pairs was 2.7 (1.6-4.5). Migraine was associated with female sex and waist circumference. Conclusions - There is a relationship between the occurrence of migraine and BTD, also when controlling for the fact that both disorders are more frequent in women. The association appears to be partly attributable to genetic influences.
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| 44. |
- Parnetti, L, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in CSF acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase activity after long-term treatment with AChE inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 124:2, s. 122-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives - To measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) participating in randomized clinical trials from three European centers, before and after long-term treatment with different AChE inhibitors (AChEIs). Materials and methods - Of the 144 patients included in the study, 104 were treated with donepezil, 15 with galantamine, 16 with rivastigmine, and nine with placebo. CSF AChE and BChE activities were measured at baseline and after 1-year treatment. Results - Donepezil and galantamine groups showed a significant increase in CSF AChE activity at follow-up, while no changes for BChE activity were observed; in donepezil group, a positive correlation between plasma concentration and AChE activity was documented. Conversely, in rivastigmine group, a decrease in CSF activity of both enzymes was observed. CSF AChE and BChE activities were not correlated with the clinical outcome in any group considered. CSF biomarkers did not show any change after treatment. Conclusions - AChEIs differently influence the activity of target enzymes in CSF independent of their pharmacodynamic effects.
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| 45. |
- Pålhagen, S. E., et al.
(författare)
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Interim analysis of long-term intraduodenal levodopa infusion in advanced Parkinson disease
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 126:6, s. e29-e33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - This interim 12-month analysis is a part of an open-label, observational, prospective study on health outcomes and cost impact of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG, Duodopa) in Parkinson disease (PD). The specific aim was to investigate clinical and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) effects in routine care. Methods - Unified PD rating scale (UPDRS) was the primary efficacy measurement. PD QoL questionnaire 39 (PDQ-39) assessed HRQoL. Subjects were assessed at baseline, andgt;= 3 months after surgery, and then every 3 months. Results - Twenty-seven treatment-naive subjects when started with LCIG showed a decrease in UPDRS score that was statistically significant throughout the year: UPDRS total score (mean +/- SD), baseline = 52.1 +/- 16.1, N = 27, month 0 (first visit; at least 3 months after permanent LCIG) = 43.1 +/- 16.7, N = 27, P = 0.003; month 12 = 42.5 +/- 22.6, n = 25, P = 0.017. PDQ-39 results also showed a tendency for improvement: PDQ-39 (mean +/- SD), baseline = 33.6 +/- 10.8, N = 27, month 0 = 27.1 +/- 11.8, N = 27, P = 0.001; 12 months = 28.8 +/- 12.8, n = 23, P = 0.126. Conclusions - LCIG provides functional improvement beginning at first visit that is sustained for 12 months.
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| 46. |
- Roström, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Oligoclonal IgG bands synthesized in the central nervous system are present in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 109:2, s. 106-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Oligoclonal bands (OBs) in electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are present in multiple sclerosis and here is investigated whether these also occur in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Material and methods: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced in 42 DA rats after immunization with rat spinal chord homogenate and the occurrence of OBs were detected by electrophoresis of both sera and CSF. The relationship between disease symptoms, antibody response against myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and appearance of OBs was studied. Results: Development of CSF-specific OB was found to occur, 6 weeks after immunization, in seven of 42 rats. OB was detected in rats with an antibody response against MBP, whereas as a role no such bands were present in rats with an antibody response against MOG. Initially severe disease symptoms were correlated to a concomitant intense oligoclonal antibody response. Conclusion: Cerebrospinal fluid-specific OB occurs in EAE. It is present in rats with an anti-MBP, but not in rats with an anti-MOG antibody response. A severe disease results in an intense oligoclonal antibody response, which might have an anti-inflammatory effect.
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| 47. |
- Smith, Maj‐Lis ‐L, et al.
(författare)
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Models for studying long‐term recovery following forebrain ischemia in the rat. 2. A 2‐vessel occlusion model
- 1984
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 69:6, s. 385-401
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT— A model is described in which transient ischemia is induced in rats anaesthetized with N2O:O2 (70:30) by bilateral carotid artery clamping combined with a lowering of mean arterial blood pressure to 50 mm Hg, the latter being achieved by bleeding, or by bleeding supplemented with administration of trimetaphan or phentolamine. By the use of intubation, muscle paralysis with suxamethonium chloride, and insertion of tail arterial and venous catheters, it was possible to induce reversible ischemia for long‐term recovery studies. Autoradiographic measurements of local CBF showed that the procedure reduced CBF in neocortical areas, hippocampus, and caudoputamen to near‐zero values, flow rates in a number of subcortical areas being variable. Administration of trimethaphane or phentolamine did not affect ischemic and postischemic flow rates, nor did they alter recovery of EEG and sensory‐evoked responses, but trimetaphan blunted the changes in plasma concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Recovery experiments showed that 10 min of ischemia gave rise to clear signs of permanent brain damage, with a small number of animals developing postischemic seizures that led to the death of the animals in status epilepticus. After 15 min of ischemia, such alterations were more pronounced, and the majority of animals died. It is concluded that the short revival times noted are explained by the fact that the model induces near‐complete ischemia, and that recovery following forebrain ischemia is critically dependent on residual flow rates during the period of ischemia.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Thorén-Jönsson, Anna-Lisa, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in ability, perceived difficulty and use of assistive devices in everyday life: a 4-year follow-up study in people with late effects of polio.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 120:5, s. 324-330
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - There are numbers of persons living in the community with late effects of polio, of which many develop new symptoms, but the course of progression is unclear. Objectives - To assess changes after 4 years in ability and perceived difficulty in persons with late effects of polio. Material and methods - Community dwelling persons from a polio clinic. Information was gathered by questionnaire and interview on demographics, age at polio onset, affected body parts, health problems, the use of assistive devices, housing condition and activities of daily living (ADL) function as well as perceived difficulties. Results - There were no significant increase in frequency of ADL dependency but perceived difficulties increased significantly and more used mobility devices. Conclusions - Over 4 years, more persons perceived difficulties and the use of assistive devices increased. This is might reflect adaptation and acknowledgement of problems previously ignored. Time is a factor in integrating knowledge and adaptation.
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| 50. |
- Wesnes, K., et al.
(författare)
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Computerized cognition assessment during acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment in Alzheimer's disease
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 122:4, s. 270-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives - Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) has become a standard clinical trials outcome for cognition, but has been recognized as deficient in areas including coverage of cognitive domains, sensitivity and standardization. Computerized test batteries may address some of these issues. The cognitive drug research computerized assessment (CDR) system is validated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study was designed to further evaluate validity in relation to ADAS-Cog, mini mental state examination (MMSE) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and psychometric properties, in a population of Alzheimer's patients on stable anticholinesterase treatment. Materials and methods - Patients completed cognition assessments, CSF and blood sampling at baseline and 6 months later. Data for 65 patients were evaluated. Results - The CDR system demonstrated good psychometric properties in this population. Measures of psychomotor speed showed possible sensitivity to decline over 6 months. Conclusions - There are a number of methodological problems with current cognition assessment methodology for clinical trials. Computerized measures and in particular millisecond reaction time measures, may address many of these issues.
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