| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Koffert, Jukka, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of meal and incretins in the regulation of splanchnic blood flow
- 2017
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - 2049-3614. ; 6:3, s. 179-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Meal ingestion is followed by a redistribution of blood flow (BF) within the splanchnic region contributing to nutrient absorption, insulin secretion and glucose disposal, but factors regulating this phenomenon in humans are poorly known. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the organ-specific changes in BF during a mixed-meal and incretin infusions. Design: A non-randomized intervention study of 10 healthy adults to study splanchnic BF regulation was performed. Methods: Effects of glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) infusions and mixed-meal were tested in 10 healthy, glucose tolerant subjects using PET-MRI multimodal imaging technology. Intestinal and pancreatic BF and blood volume (BV) were measured with 15O-water and 15O-carbon monoxide, respectively. Results: Ingestion of a mixed-meal led to an increase in pancreatic and jejunal BF, whereas duodenal BF was unchanged. Infusion of GIP and GLP-1 reduced BF in the pancreas. However, GIP infusion doubled blood flow in the jejunum with no effect of GLP-1. Conclusion: Together, our data suggest that meal ingestion leads to increases in pancreatic BF accompanied by a GIP-mediated increase in jejunal but not duodenal blood flow.
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| 43. |
- Kontogeorgos, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Low health-related quality of life in hypoparathyroidism and need for PTH analog
- 2022
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - 2049-3614. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare endocrine disorder in which insufficient levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) lead to low serum calcium (S-Ca) levels and muscular cramps. The aim was to study the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and comorbidities in patients with HypoPT compared with the general population and to estimate the need of treatment with PTH analog. Design: Patients with HypoPT were identified and compared with a population sample. Short Form-36 (SF-36) and EuroQol-5 Dimensions Visual Analogue Scale questionnaires were used. All patients were followed up at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital outpatient clinic. Methods: From the medical records between 2007 and 2020, 203 patients with HypoPT were identified and compared with a population sample (n = 414) from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) MONICA project, Gothenburg, Sweden. Of the 203 patients who met the diagnostic criteria, 164 were alive and 65% answered the HRQoL questionnaires. Results: Patients with HypoPT, 80% postsurgical, and controls had similar age (60 years) and sex distribution (80% women). Patients had lower SF-36 summary component scores for physical (40.0 (interquartile range (IQR): 21) vs 51.2 (IQR: 14.6); P < 0.001) and mental (43.1 (IQR:17.4) vs 56.1(IQR:13.3); P < 0.001) well-being, irrespective of etiology or calcium levels. Individuals with HypoPT had more medications and lower renal function but not higher mortality than controls. Low HRQoL together with low calcium was present in 23% of individuals with HypoPT. Conclusion: HRQoL was markedly lower in patients with HypoPT than in controls and independent of S-Ca levels. Treatment with PTH analog could be considered at least among patients with both low HRQoL and low calcium levels. © 2022 The authors.
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| 44. |
- Kristensen, Peter L., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the tcf7l2 genotype on risk of hypoglycaemia and glucagon secretion during hypoglycaemia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - 2049-3614. ; 5:6, s. 53-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In healthy carriers of the T allele of the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), fasting plasma glucagon concentrations are lower compared with those with the C allele. We hypothesised that presence of the T allele is associated with a diminished glucagon response during hypoglycaemia and a higher frequency of severe hypoglycaemia (SH) in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Material and methods: This is a post hoc study of an earlier prospective observational study of SH and four mechanistic studies of physiological responses to hypoglycaemia. 269 patients with T1DM were followed in a one-year observational study. A log-linear negative binomial model was applied with events of SH as dependent variable and TCF7L2 alleles as explanatory variable. In four experimental studies including 65 people, TCF7L2 genotyping was done and plasma glucagon concentration during experimental hypoglycaemia was determined. Results: Incidences of SH were TT 0.54, TC 0.98 and CC 1.01 episodes per patient-year with no significant difference between groups. During experimental hypoglycaemia, the TCF7L2 polymorphism did not influence glucagon secretion. Discussion: Patients with T1DM carrying the T allele of the TCF7L2 polymorphism do not exhibit diminished glucagon response during hypoglycaemia and are not at increased risk of severe hypoglycaemia compared with carriers of the C allele.
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| 45. |
- Lewis, Trevor, et al.
(författare)
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Does glucocorticoid exposure explain the association between metabolic dysfunction and tendinopathy?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : Bioscientifica. - 2049-3614. ; 9:3, s. R36-R46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: While metabolic health is acknowledged to affect connective tissue structure and function, the mechanisms are unclear. Glucocorticoids are present in almost every cell type throughout the body and control key physiological processes such as energy homeostasis, stress response, inflammatory and immune processes, and cardiovascular function. Glucocorticoid excess manifests as visceral adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. As these metabolic states are also associated with tendinopathy and tendon rupture, it may be that glucocorticoids excess is the link between metabolic health and tendinopathy. Objective: To synthesise current knowledge linking glucocorticoid exposure to tendon structure and function. Methods: Narrative literature review. Results: We provide an overview of endogenous glucocorticoid production, regulation, and signalling. Next we review the impact that oral glucocorticoid has on risk of tendon rupture and the effect that injected glucocorticoid has on resolution of symptoms. Then we highlight the clinical and mechanistic overlap between tendinopathy and glucocorticoid excess in the areas of visceral adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In these areas, we highlight the role of glucocorticoids and how these hormones might underpin the connection between metabolic health and tendon dysfunction. Conclusions: There are several plausible pathways through which glucocorticoids might mediate the connection between metabolic health and tendinopathy.
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| 46. |
- Lingaiah, Shilpa, et al.
(författare)
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Serum retinol-binding protein 4 levels in polycystic ovary syndrome
- 2019
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : Bioscientifica. - 2049-3614. ; 8:6, s. 709-717
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), an adipokine thought to affect systemic insulin sensitivity, were compared between women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-PCOS controls to evaluate the association of RBP4 with clinical, hormonal and metabolic parameters of PCOS. Subjects and methods: Serum RBP4 levels were analysed in 278 women with PCOS (age range 18-57 years) and 191 non-PCOS controls (age 20-53 years) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum levels of RBP4 were increased in women with PCOS compared with control women in the whole population (45.1 +/- 24.0 (S.D.) vs 33.5 +/- 18.3 mg/L, P < 0.001). Age-stratified analysis showed that serum RBP4 levels were increased in women with PCOS aged <= 30 years compared with controls (47.7 +/- 23.5 vs 27.1 +/- 10.4 mg/L, P < 0.001), whereas no significant differences were seen in the other age groups. No significant correlations of RBP4 were seen with either steroids or indices of insulin resistance. Conclusions: Although serum RBP4 levels were increased in younger women with PCOS compared with age-matched non-PCOS controls, RBP4 does not seem to be a good marker of insulin resistance or other metabolic derangements in women with PCOS.
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| 47. |
- Lundin, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual function and combined oral contraceptives : a randomised, placebo-controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : Bioscientifica. - 2049-3614. ; 7:11, s. 1208-1216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on female sexuality has long been a matter of discussion, but placebo-controlled studies are lacking. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate if an oestradiol-containing COC influences sexual function.Design: Investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial where 202 healthy women were randomised to a combined oral contraceptive (1.5 mg oestradiol and 2.5 mg nomegestrol acetate) or placebo for three treatment cycles.Methods: Sexual function at baseline and during the last week of the final treatment cycle was evaluated by the McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire. Serum and hair testosterone levels were assessed at the same time points.Results: Compared to placebo, COC use was associated with a small decrease in sexual interest (COC median change score: -2.0; interquartile range (IQR): -5.0 to 0.5 vs placebo: -1.0; IQR: -3.0 to 2.0, P=0.019), which remained following adjustment for change in self-rated depressive symptoms (B= -0.80 +/- 0.30, Wald =7.08, P=0.008). However, the proportion of women who reported a clinically relevant deterioration in sexual interest did not differ between COC or placebo users (COC 18 (22.2%) vs placebo 16 (17.8%), P=0.47). Change in other measured aspects of sexual function as well as total score of sexual function did not differ between the two treatments.Conclusions: This study suggests that use of oestradiol-based COCs is associated with reduced sexual interest. However, the changes are minute, and probably not of clinical relevance.
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| 48. |
- Lundin, C., et al.
(författare)
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Sexual function and combined oral contraceptives: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : Bioscientifica. - 2049-3614. ; 7:11, s. 1208-1216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on female sexuality has long been a matter of discussion, but placebo-controlled studies are lacking. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate if an oestradiol-containing COC influences sexual function. Design: Investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial where 202 healthy women were randomised to a combined oral contraceptive (1.5 mg oestradiol and 2.5 mg nomegestrol acetate) or placebo for three treatment cycles. Methods: Sexual function at baseline and during the last week of the final treatment cycle was evaluated by the McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire. Serum and hair testosterone levels were assessed at the same time points. Results: Compared to placebo, COC use was associated with a small decrease in sexual interest (COC median change score: -2.0; interquartile range (IQR): -5.0 to 0.5 vs placebo: -1.0; IQR: -3.0 to 2.0, P=0.019), which remained following adjustment for change in self-rated depressive symptoms (B= -0.80 +/- 0.30, Wald =7.08, P=0.008). However, the proportion of women who reported a clinically relevant deterioration in sexual interest did not differ between COC or placebo users (COC 18 (22.2%) vs placebo 16 (17.8%), P=0.47). Change in other measured aspects of sexual function as well as total score of sexual function did not differ between the two treatments. Conclusions: This study suggests that use of oestradiol-based COCs is associated with reduced sexual interest. However, the changes are minute, and probably not of clinical relevance.
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| 49. |
- Lundqvist, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and allopregnanolone levels : a longitudinal study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : Bioscientifica. - 2049-3614. ; 6:4, s. 253-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Large weight gain during pregnancy is a risk factor for complications for mother and fetus. Hunger and satiety are regulated in the hypothalamus, where the gamma-amino-butyric acid system (GABA) has an important role. Allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite, increases during pregnancy and is a potent GABA-A receptor modulating steroid. Allopregnanolone has been shown to induce overeating in rodents. The aim was to investigate whether there is a relationship between weight gain and allopregnanolone concentrations during pregnancy in humans. Design: A longitudinal, cohort study. Methods: Pregnant women (n = 56) were recruited in primary care in northern Sweden. Allopregnanolone concentrations in plasma were measured using radioimmunoassay and weight was measured in gestational weeks 12 and 35. Results: Weight increase correlated significantly to allopregnanolone in late pregnancy increase (r(s) = 0.320; P = 0.016), indicating a positive relationship between weight increase and allopregnanolone increase. A positive relationship was also noted between allopregnanolone in the 35th gestational week and weight increase. Women who gained = 11 kg during pregnancy showed higher allopregnanolone concentrations in week 35 and higher increase compared to women who increased < 11 kg (P = 0.006 and P = 0.009 resp.). There was no difference in weight or allopregnanolone concentrations at the onset of pregnancy. Conclusions: The results show a relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and increase in allopregnanolone concentrations.
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| 50. |
- Malczewska, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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NETest liquid biopsy is diagnostic of small intestine and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and correlates with imaging
- 2019
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Ingår i: Endocrine Connections. - : BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD. - 2049-3614. ; 8:4, s. 442-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Current monoanalyte biomarkers are ineffective in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). NETest, a novel multianalyte signature, provides molecular information relevant to disease biology. Aim(s): Independently validate NETest to diagnose GEP-NETs and identify progression in a tertiary referral center. Materials and methods: Cohorts are 67 pancreatic NETs (PNETs), 44 small intestine NETs (SINETs) and 63 controls. Well-differentiated (WD) PNETs, n = 62, SINETs, all (n = 44). Disease extent assessment at blood draw: anatomical (n = 110) CT (n = 106), MRI (n = 7) and/or functional Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT (n = 69) or F-18-FDG-PET/CT (n = 8). Image-positive disease (IPD) was defined as either CT/MRI or Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT/F-18-FDG-PET/CT-positive. Both CT/MRI and Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT negative diagnosis in WD-NETs was considered image-negative disease (IND). NETest (normal: 20): PCR (spotted plate s). Data: mean +/- SD. Results: Diagnosis: NETest was significantly increased in NETs (n = 111; 26 +/- 21) vs controls (8 +/- 4, p < 0.0001). Seventy-five (42 PNET, 33 SINET) were image positive. Eleven (8 PNET, 3 SINET; all WD) were IND. In IPD, NETest was significantly high er (36 +/- 22) vs IND (8 +/- 7, P < 0.0001). NETest accuracy, sensitivity and specificity are 97, 99 and 95%, respectively. Concordance with imaging: NETest was 92% (101/110) concordant with anatomical imaging, 94% (65/69) with Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT and 96% (65/68) dual modality (CT/MRI and Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT). In 70 CT/MRI positive, NETest was elevated in all (37 +/- 22). In 40 CT/MRI negative, NETest was normal (11 +/- 10) in 31. In 56 Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT positive, NETest was elevated (36 +/- 22) in 55. In 13 Ga-68-SSA-PET/CT negative, NETest was normal (9 +/- 8) in ten. Disease status: NETest was significantly higher in progressive (61 +/- 26; n = 11) vs stable disease (29 +/- 14; n = 64; P < 0.0001) (RECIST 1.1). Conclusion: NETest is an effective diagnostic for PNETs and SINETs. Elevated NETest is as effective as imaging in diagnosis and accurately identifies progression.
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