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Sökning: LAR1:gu > Tidskriftsartikel > Chalmers tekniska högskola

  • Resultat 3271-3280 av 6888
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3271.
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3272.
  • Jurkeviciute, M., et al. (författare)
  • Identifying the Value of an eHealth Intervention Aimed at Cognitive Impairments: Observational Study in Different Contexts and Service Models
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 22:10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Value is one of the central concepts in health care, but it is vague within the field of summative eHealth evaluations. Moreover, the role of context in explaining the value is underexplored, and there is no explicit framework guiding the evaluation of the value of eHealth interventions. Hence, different studies conceptualize and operationalize value in different ways, ranging from measuring outcomes such as clinical efficacy or behavior change of patients or professionals to measuring the perceptions of various stakeholders or in economic terms. Objective: The objective of our study is to identify contextual factors that determine similarities and differences in the value of an eHealth intervention between two contexts. We also aim to reflect on and contribute to the discussion about the specification, assessment, and relativity of the "value" concept in the evaluation of eHealth interventions. Methods: The study concerned a 6-month eHealth intervention targeted at elderly patients (n=107) diagnosed with cognitive impairment in Italy and Sweden. The intervention introduced a case manager role and an eHealth platform to provide remote monitoring and coaching services to the patients. A model for evaluating the value of eHealth interventions was designed as monetary and nonmonetary benefits and sacrifices, based on the value conceptualizations in eHealth and marketing literature. The data was collected using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the clock drawing test, and the 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Semistructured interviews were conducted with patients and health care professionals. Monetary data was collected from the health care and technology providers. Results: The value of an eHealth intervention applied to similar types of populations but differed in different contexts. In Sweden, patients improved cognitive performance (MMSE mean 0.85, SD 1.62, P<.001), reduced anxiety (EQ-5D-5L mean 0.16, SD 0.54, P=.046), perceived their health better (EQ-5D-5L VAS scale mean 2.6, SD 9.7, P=.035), and both patients and health care professionals were satisfied with the care. However, the Swedish service model demonstrated an increased cost, higher workload for health care professionals, and the intervention was not cost-efficient. In Italy, the patients were satisfied with the care received, and the health care professionals felt empowered and had an acceptable workload. Moreover, the intervention was cost-effective. However, clinical efficacy and quality of life improvements have not been observed. We identified 6 factors that influence the value of eHealth intervention in a particular context: (1) service delivery design of the intervention (process of delivery), (2) organizational setup of the intervention (ie, organizational structure and professionals involved), (3) cost of different treatments, (4) hourly rates of staff for delivering the intervention, (5) lifestyle habits of the population (eg, how physically active they were in their daily life and if they were living alone or with family), and (6) local preferences on the quality of patient care. Conclusions: Value in the assessments of eHealth interventions need to be considered beyond economic terms, perceptions, or behavior changes. To obtain a holistic view of the value created, it needs to be operationalized into monetary and nonmonetary outcomes, categorizing these into benefits and sacrifices.
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3273.
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3274.
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3275.
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3276.
  • Juschenko, Kate, 1984 (författare)
  • Ideals of a C*-algebra generated by an operator algebra
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Mathematische Zeitschrift. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0025-5874 .- 1432-1823. ; 266:3, s. 693-705
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper, we consider ideals of a C*-algebra C*(B) generated by an operator algebra B. A closed ideal J subset of C*(B) is called a K-boundary ideal if the restriction of the quotient map on B has a completely bounded inverse with cb-norm equal to K-1. For K = 1 one gets the notion of boundary ideals introduced by Arveson. We study properties of the K-boundary ideals and characterize them in the case when operator algebra lambda-norms itself. Several reformulations of the Kadison similarity problem are given. In particular, the affirmative answer to this problem is equivalent to the statement that every bounded homomorphism from C*( B) onto B which is a projection on B is completely bounded. Moreover, we prove that Kadison's similarity problem is decided on one particular C*-algebra which is a completion of the *-double of M-2(C).
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3277.
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3278.
  • Juschenko, Kate, 1984, et al. (författare)
  • Matrix Ordered Operator Algebras
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Indiana University Mathematics Journal. - : Indiana University Mathematics Journal. - 0022-2518. ; 58:3, s. 1203-1218
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the question when for a given *-algebra,A a sequence of cones C-n subset of M-n (A)(sa) can be realized as cones of positive operators in a faithful *-representation of A on a Hilbert space. We present a criterion analogous to Effros-Choi abstract characterization of operator systems. A characterization of operator algebras which are completely boundedly isomorphic to C*-algebras is also presented.
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3279.
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3280.
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