| 1271. |
- Larsson, Göran, 1970
(författare)
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Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Jørgen S. Nielsen (red) Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. - 1877-1432. ; 3, s. 545-557
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 1272. |
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| 1273. |
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| 1274. |
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| 1275. |
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| 1276. |
- Larsson, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Viktminskning utan kirurgi kräver energirestriktion och följsamhet - Ger minskat nyinsjuknande i diabetes och förbättrade kardiovaskulära riskfaktorer, visar litteraturgenomgång.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 1652-7518. ; 114
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy restriction and adherence required for weight loss without surgery Non-surgical weight loss treatment has not been shown to reduce mortality or cardiovascular morbidity, but can prevent diabetes mellitus and improves cardiovascular risk factors. For weight loss, energy restriction is fundamental and can lead to an average 2 to 20 kg loss over 6 to 12 months. Pharmacological treatment, behaviour therapy, physical activity and weight loss advice through web sites and smartphone applications and combinations in addition to energy restriction can contribute to further, but relatively limited weight loss up to 30 months. Adherence to the treatment is necessary for both weight loss and long-term weight loss maintenance.
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| 1277. |
- Larsson, Jörgen, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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International and national climate policies for aviation: a review
- 2019
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Ingår i: Climate Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1752-7457 .- 1469-3062. ; 19:6, s. 787-799
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aviation constitutes about 2.5% of all energy-related CO2 emissions and in addition there are non-CO2 effects. In 2016, the ICAO decided to implement a Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) and in 2017 the EU decided on faster emission reductions in its Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), which since 2012 includes the aviation sector. The effects of these policies on the expected development of air travel emissions from 2017 to 2030 have been analyzed. For the sample country Sweden, the analysis shows that when emissions reductions in other sectors are attributed to the aviation sector as a result of the EU ETS and CORSIA, carbon emissions are expected to reduce by -0.8% per year (however if non-CO2 emissions are included in the analysis, then emissions will increase). This is much less than what is needed to achieve the 2 degrees C target. Our analysis of potential national aviation policy instruments shows that there are legally feasible options that could mitigate emissions in addition to the EU ETS and CORSIA. Distance-based air passenger taxes are common among EU Member States and through increased ticket prices these taxes can reduce demand for air travel and thus reduce emissions. Tax on jet fuel is an option for domestic aviation and for international aviation if bilateral agreements are concluded. A quota obligation for biofuels is a third option.
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| 1278. |
- Larsson, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Children's use of English as lingua franca in Swedish preschools
- 2023
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Ingår i: Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0167-8507 .- 1613-3684. ; 42:4
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper highlights a current phenomenon reported from preschools placed in multilingual areas in Sweden, namely that some preschoolers with mutually different language backgrounds sometimes use English as lingua franca instead of Swedish during play. The data stems from a study of language environments in Swedish preschools situated in both monolingual and multilingual areas. The analyses reveal that many children are influenced by the English language in both areas, but to a much greater extent in multilingual areas. An interesting situation arises when the majority language of society, which is also the language of education and lingua franca of the preschool, acquires a less prevailing role in children's accomplishment of everyday practices. Data show that the participating children are exposed to and speak English to a varying extent. They learn and teach each other English, and speak English in an array of pragmatic purposes; to position themselves in the social hierarchies of the preschool group, to create meaning within their shared peer culture and for the purpose of exclusion of intruders. English is also used as a secret language of friendship.
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| 1279. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969
(författare)
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Current Concepts of Epigenetics and Its Role in Periodontitis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Current Oral Health Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2196-3002. ; 4:4, s. 286-293
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the recent findings on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in periodontal disease, including disease susceptibility, progression, and as potential treatment options. Recent Findings The findings on the influence of oral pathogens on epigenetic regulation of pathogen recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines suggest an important role for epigenetics in the regulation of the host immune response. Recent studies also show that the epigenetic pattern in periodontitis lesions differ from that of healthy and gingivitis tissue. In addition, these patterns differ between tissues in the same individual. Research is also indicating a role for both DNA methylation and histone acetylation on cells osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration. Summary Knowledge of epigenetic pattern in periodontal diseases may add not only to the knowledge of susceptibility of the disease but may also be a diagnostic tool to identify patients at risk to develop the severe form of periodontitis. In addition, recent research within gene therapy and tissue engineering indicate a role for epigenetics also to improve regeneration of periodontal tissues.
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| 1280. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Epigenetics and its role in periodontal diseases: a state-of-the-art review
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 86:4, s. 556-568
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The immune response to oral bacteria and the subsequent activation of inflammatory signaling is not only dependent on genetic factors. The importance of so-called epigenetic mechanisms presents additional regulatory pathways of genes involved in maintaining chronic inflammation, including gingivitis and periodontitis. The term epigenetics relates to changes in gene expression that are not encoded in the DNA sequence itself and include chemical alterations of DNA and its associated proteins. These changes lead to remodeling of the chromatin and subsequent activation or inactivation of a gene. Epigenetic mechanisms have been found to contribute to disease, including cancer and autoimmune or inflammatory diseases. In this state-of-the art review, the authors provide the latest findings on the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the development of periodontal disease and present emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at epigenetic targets (epidrugs) associated with the disruption of tissue homeostasis and the development of periodontitis.
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