| 51. |
- Duc, Benoıt, et al.
(författare)
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Face authentication with Gabor information on deformable graphs
- 1999
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. - New York, NY : IEEE Press. - 1057-7149 .- 1941-0042. ; 8:4, s. 504-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elastic graph matching has been proposed as a practical implementation of dynamic link matching, which is a neural network with dynamically evolving links between a reference model and an input image. Each node of the graph contains features that characterize the neighborhood of its location in the image. The elastic graph matching usually consists of two consecutive steps, namely a matching with a rigid grid, followed by a deformation of the grid, which is actually the elastic part. The deformation step is introduced in order to allow for some deformation, rotation, and scaling of the object to be matched. This method is applied here to the authentication of human faces where candidates claim an identity that is to be checked. The matching error as originally suggested is not powerful enough to provide satisfying results in this case. We introduce an automatic weighting of the nodes according to their significance. We also explore the significance of the elastic deformation for an application of face-based person authentication. We compare performance results obtained with and without the second matching step. Results show that the deformation step slightly increases the performance, but has lower influence than the weighting of the nodes. The best results are obtained with the combination of both aspects. The results provided by the proposed method compare favorably with two methods that require a prior geometric face normalization, namely the synergetic and eigenface approaches
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| 52. |
- Eriksen, Lars Bo, et al.
(författare)
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In the path of the pioneers : longitudinal study of web news genre
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 22nd Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia (IRIS 22). - Jyväskylä : University of Jyväskylä. - 9513905128 - 9789513905125 ; , s. 289-304
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on repetitive visits to three Scandinavian Newspaper organizations, this paper presents an analysis of the evolution of the web news genre from 96 to 99. Genre awareness is an explanation of how users and designers create and maintain web site awareness beyond the individual site. In the paper genre is elaborated in terms of content, form, rationale and work. From the data it is concluded that web news by 99 possess characteristics that makes it distinctive from print media and web news sites from 96. The immediacy of the web affords the provision of news in a continuous pattern similar to “live” reporting. Primary content of web news is hard news that affords users to visit news sites throughout the day to stay informed. In comparison to print media, the web genre has introduced composites to support the users in navigating and browsing the content of a news site. Internal resistance towards new media has been reduced from 96 to 99 as a consequence of increased competition in the web media.
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| 53. |
- Eriksson, Jonnie, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Tarkovskijs "Stalker" : En analys
- 1999
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Arbetet bygger på ett projekt inom ämnet filmvetenskap vid Högskolan i Halmstad, Foto- och Filmhögskolan i Göteborg samt Göteborgs Universitet, i vilket studenter analyserat Andrej Tarkovskijs film Stalker (1972) utifrån en rad frågor. Svaren på dessa uppgifter har här legat till underlag för en självständig bearbetning som sammanfattar resultatet i formen av en analys av filmen ifråga utifrån sju aspekter: handlingens tematik, den dramaturgiska framställningsformen, bildspråkets former, gestaltningen av tid och av rum, skildringen av fiktionens karaktärer samt den människosyn som representeras. Den teoretiska tonvikten ligger vid Bakhtins och Deleuzes idéer om bilden av rum och tid inom konst; en särskild hänsyn tas till filosofiska och religiösa frågor inom filmen.
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| 54. |
- Eriksson, Peder G, et al.
(författare)
-
An experimental study on effects of submersed macrophytes on nitrification and denitrification in ammonium-rich aquatic systems
- 1999
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Ingår i: Limnology and Oceanography. - Waco, United States : American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Inc.. - 0024-3590 .- 1939-5590. ; 44:8, s. 1993-1999
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have examined the role of microbial communities on the surface of submersed macrophytes and in the underlying sediment for nitrification and denitrification in light and dark in NH(4)(+)-enriched microcosm systems using isotope pairing and dilution techniques. Potamogeton pectinatus L. and intact sediment cores were collected in a shallow reservoir receiving treated municipal wastewater and containing dense submersed vegetation. Chambers containing P. pectinatus shoots, sediment, or both P. pectinatus shoots and sediment were exposed to 6 h of darkness, 6 h of light, and 6 h of darkness. (14)NH(4)(+) and (15)NO(3)(-) were added at ambient concentrations of 15 and 5 mg N liter(-1), respectively. NH(4)(+) was primarily nitrified in the epiphytic microbial communities, and NO; was denitrified in the underlying sediment. In chambers containing macrophytes, there was a net production of O(2) and NO(3)(-) in light and a net consumption in dark, and nitrification was higher in light than in dark. In chambers with only sediment, there was always a net consumption of NO(3)(-), and nitrification was similar in light and dark. The results show that submersed macrophytes can be important for the N metabolism in NH(4)(+)-rich freshwaters (e.g., wastewater treatment systems) by stimulating nitrification through providing surfaces for attached nitrifying bacteria and possibly also through diurnal changes in the water chemistry.
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| 55. |
- Eriksson, Peder G., et al.
(författare)
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Functional differences in epiphytic microbial communities in nutrient-rich freshwater ecosystems : An assay of denitrifying capacity
- 1996
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Ingår i: Freshwater Biology. - Chichester, United Kingdom : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0046-5070 .- 1365-2427. ; 36:3, s. 555-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The denitrifying capacity of epiphyton was used to evaluate differences in the function of epiphytic microbial communities on submersed macrophytes in nutrient-rich freshwater ecosystems. The denitrifying capacity of epiphyton on Patamogeton perfoliatus shoots of different age and with different epiphytic abundances from a eutrophic lake was investigated in laboratory microcosms in the Light and dark. Additionally, differences between epiphyton on shoots of Potamogeton pectinatus grown under different in Situ nutrient and hydraulic conditions were investigated by examining their denitrifying capacity. 2. Denitrification was registered in well-developed epiphytic layers on both mature and senescent shoots in the dark, with activities 3- to 10-fold higher in the epiphytic communities of senescent shoots. No activity was detected on young shoots with sparse epiphyton or on shoots from which loosely attached epiphyton had been removed. Denitrification never occurred during illumination. 3. Even though the epiphytic abundance was similar in magnitude, the denitrifying capacity of epiphyton adapted to high nutrient loadings was about a hundred times higher than that of epiphyton adapted to lower nutrient levels. Additionally, epiphytic abundance and denitrifying capacity were higher at sites less exposed to wave turbulence or water currents, than at sites with more water turbulence. 4. The results illustrate how the hydraulic and nutrient conditions of the surrounding water affect both the quantity and function of epiphytic microbial communities in nutrient-rich freshwater ecosystems.
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| 56. |
- Eriksson, Peder G., et al.
(författare)
-
Nitrogen removal in a wastewater reservoir : The importance of denitrification by epiphytic biofilms on submersed vegetation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Quality. - Madison, United States : American Society of Agronomy. - 0047-2425 .- 1537-2537. ; 26:3, s. 905-910
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the importance of epiphytic denitrifying bacteria on submersed vegetation in removing N from a shallow nutrient-enriched freshwater ecosystem. The investigation was conducted during the summer of 1994 in a surface now reservoir receiving municipal tertiary-treated wastewater. The submersed vegetation in the reservoir was dominated by Potamogeton pectinatus L. and filamentous green algae (FGA). The N loading was 2300 mg N h(-1) m(-2) and the N removal, calculated as the mean difference between influent and effluent N, was 190 mg N h(-1) m(-2) (8%). The majority of influent N consisted of NH4+, but the main part of the N removal was due to the removal of NO3- whereas no net retention of NH4+ was found. Mean total soluble solids and BOD7 retention was 69 and 38%, respectively, Denitrification measurements were conducted in darkness at in situ temperature in microcosms with P. pectinatus, FGA, or infect sediment cores. Epiphytic denitrification ranged between 0.21 to 7.0 mg N h(-1) m(-2) reservoir surface area depending on the abundance of the submersed vegetation (5-140 g DW m(-2)). Sediment denitrification was 4.7 mg N h(-1) m-L reservoir surface area. The mean assimilative N uptake of the submersed vegetation and epiphyton was 3.4 and 1.6 mg N h(-1) m(-2) reservoir surface area, respectively. Measured N removal rates through plant uptake and denitrification could only account for a minor part of the N removal observed by mass balance. However, microcosm denitrification measurements underestimate actual denitrification. Thus, the major part of the N removal was most likely due to denitrification. In conclusion, this study indicates that denitrification in epiphytic microbial communities on submersed vegetation can be of significant importance for the N removal in nutrient-enriched freshwater ecosystems.
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| 57. |
- Fjæstad, Björn, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
-
National profile: Sweden
- 1998
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Ingår i: Biotechnology in the public sphere. - London : Science Museum. - 190074709X ; , s. 130-143
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 58. |
- Fridlund, Bengt, 1952-
(författare)
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Qualitative methods in healthcare research : Some issues related to utilisation and scrutiny
- 1998
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Ingår i: Care of the Critically Ill. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 0266-0970. ; 14:6, s. 212-214
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of qualitative methods (QM) in investigations within the healthcare area has increased dramatically around the world during the past decade. In Sweden, the Health and Medical Services Act has crucially influenced the development of QM from a second rate analysis method to a valued and compatible method to established statistical approaches. This article aims to describe and explain nine methodological issues related to QM based on science theory topics and content valuation premises. © Copyright 2004 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.
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| 59. |
- Fridlund, Bengt
(författare)
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The case study as a research strategy
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 11:1, s. 3-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A research strategy seldom used in the caring sciences is the case study. A case study is an empirical in-depth inquiry about an individual, family, group or organization. It is preferable when 'how' and 'why' questions are asked. The case study is mainly used to explain those causal links in real-life intervention that are too complex for either the survey or experimental strategies. Like other research strategies, its design includes questions or propositions, units of analysis, the logic linking the data to the questions or propositions, and the interpretations of the outcomes. A case study can be reported as a single case or as a compilation of a series of cases. In conclusion a case study is a simple and excellent way for a care professional to present him or herself to the scientific world.
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| 60. |
- Gelzinis, Adas, et al.
(författare)
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Quality function for unsupervised classification and its use in graphic arts
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence. - Japan. ; 3:6, s. 532-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we propose quality function for an unsupervised neural classification. The function is based on the third order polynomials. The objective of the quality function is to find a place of the input space sparse in data points. By maximising the quality function, we find decision boundary between data clusters instead of centres of the clusters. The shape and place of the decision boundary are rather insensitive to the magnitude of the weight vector established during the maximisation process. A superiority of the proposed quality function over other similar functions as well as conventional clustering algorithms tested has been observed in the experiments. The proposed quality function has been successfully used for colour image segmentation.
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