| 421. |
- Wikdahl, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning - Idrott i förändring
- 2007
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Ingår i: Idrott i förändring. - Lund : Idrottsvetenskapligt Centrum vid Lunds Universitet (ICLU). - 9172672439 ; , s. 7-29
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 422. |
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| 423. |
- Winroth, Mats, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of sourcing – strategic implications of outsourcing
- 2007
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Ingår i: 14th International annual EurOMA conference. - Ankara : Bilkent University. - 9789756090237 - 9756090235
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a strategic manufacturing perspective companies are facing challenges in finding a balance in what they do on their own and what their suppliers do. This balance requires some times that companies are outsourcing and sometimes in sourcing activities. One conclusion is that outsourcing should be considered as a strategic decision that is not easily made by a purchasing or operations department. Many companies tend to outsource more and more of their manufacturing to specialists, but this does not mean that companies can afford to loose their competence in manufacturing. It is still essential that the companies, even though another company performs parts of the actual manufacturing, understand the special conditions for manufacturing. Otherwise they are not in a position where they can discuss product development, specification of the different tasks that they want the contractors to do, and they can certainly not make the right decisions when buying components and parts from suppliers. The outsourcing decisions also need to be strategically justifiable and outsourcing only for cost reasons is rarely successful. Outsourcing should provide other advantages in terms of improvement of competitive priorities. For different reasons, it may also end up in a situation where the company needs to insource previously outsourced activities.
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| 424. |
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Women´s Political Participation and Representation in Asia : Obstacles and Challenges
- 2007
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability of a small elite of highly educated, upper-class Asian women to obtain the highest political positions in their country is unmatched elsewhere in the world and deserves study. But there is a marked lack of relevant research as well as of comprehensive and user-friendly texts. Aiming to fill the gap is this timely and important study of the various obstacles and opportunities for women's political participation and representation in Asia.
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| 425. |
- Wärnestål, Pontus, 1975-
(författare)
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Dialogue Behavior Management in Conversational Recommender Systems
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines recommendation dialogue, in the context of dialogue strategy design for conversational recommender systems. The purpose of a recommender system is to produce personalized recommendations of potentially useful items from a large space of possible options. In a conversational recommender system, this task is approached by utilizing natural language recommendation dialogue for detecting user preferences, as well as for providing recommendations. The fundamental idea of a conversational recommender system is that it relies on dialogue sessions to detect, continuously update, and utilize the user's preferences in order to predict potential interest in domain items modeled in a system. Designing the dialogue strategy management is thus one of the most important tasks for such systems.Based on empirical studies as well as design and implementation of conversational recommender systems, a behavior-based dialogue model called bcorn is presented. bcorn is based on three constructs, which are presented in the thesis. It utilizes a user preference modeling framework (preflets) that supports and utilizes natural language dialogue, and allows for descriptive, comparative, and superlative preference statements, in various situations. Another component of bcorn is its message-passing formalism, pcql, which is a notation used when describing preferential and factual statements and requests. bcorn is designed to be a generic recommendation dialogue strategy with conventional, information-providing, and recommendation capabilities, that each describes a natural chunk of a recommender agent's dialogue strategy, modeled in dialogue behavior diagrams that are run in parallel to give rise to coherent, flexible, and effective dialogue in conversational recommender systems.Three empirical studies have been carried out in order to explore the problem space of recommendation dialogue, and to verify the solutions put forward in this work. Study I is a corpus study in the domain of movie recommendations. The result of the study is a characterization of recommendation dialogue, and forms a base for a first prototype implementation of a human-computer recommendation dialogue control strategy. Study II is an end-user evaluation of the acorn system that implements the dialogue control strategy and results in a verification of the effectiveness and usability of the dialogue strategy. There are also implications that influence the refinement of the model that are used in the bcorn dialogue strategy model. Study III is an overhearer evaluation of a functional conversational recommender system called CoreSong, which implements the bcorn model. The result of the study is indicative of the soundness of the behavior-based approach to conversational recommender system design, as well as the informativeness, naturalness, and coherence of the individual bcorn dialogue behaviors.
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| 426. |
- Wärnestål, Pontus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Emergent Conversational Recommendations : A Dialogue Behavior Approach
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue. - East Stroudsburg, USA : Association for Computational Linguistics. - 9789074029322 - 9074029329 ; , s. 63-66
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents and evaluates a behavior-based approach to dialogue management, where a system's complete dialogue strategy is viewed as the result of running several dialogue behaviors in parallel leading to an emergent coherent and flexible dialogue behavior. The conducted overhearer evaluation of the behavior-based conversational recommender system CORESONG indicates that the approach can give rise to informative and coherent dialogue; and that a complete dialogue strategy can be modeled as an emergent phenomenon in terms of lower-level autonomous behaviors for the studied class of recommendation dialogue interaction. © 2007 Association for Computational Linguistics.
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| 427. |
- Wärnestål, Pontus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Interview and delivery : Dialogue strategies for conversational recommender systems
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA 2007. - Tartu, Estonia : University of Tartu. - 9789985405130 ; , s. 199-205
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In our work with conversational recommender systems we have derived two dialogue strategiescalled interview and delivery. We explorethe symmetry between preferential interview andtraditional clarification questions, and arrive atbasic interview and delivery strategies suitablefor conversational recommender system implementations.The strategies are based on a corpusanalysis of recommendation dialogues inthe movie domain. We illustrate the strategiesin a conversational music recommender systemcalled CORESONG.
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| 428. |
- Wärnestål, Pontus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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PCQL : A Formalism for Human-Like Preference Dialogues
- 2007
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Ingår i: IJCAI 07. ; , s. 46-54
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preference dialogues display several interestin gcharacteristics that have implications on how to design human-like dialogue strategies in conversational recommender systems. Using human-human preference dialogues as an empirical base, this paper introduces a novel data manipulation language calledPCQLthat comprises explicit descriptive, comparative and superlative preference management as well as implicit preference statements such as factual information queries. The usage of the PCQL language is demonstrated by an implementation of a music conversational recommender system.
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| 429. |
- Xiao, Li, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of surface roughness and the contact pressure distribution on friction in rolling/sliding contacts
- 2007
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Ingår i: Tribology International. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0301-679X .- 1879-2464. ; 40:4, s. 694-698
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A numerical contact model is used to study the influence of surface roughness and the pressure distribution on the frictional behaviour in rolling/sliding contacts. Double-crowned roller surfaces are measured and used as input for the contact analysis. The contact pressure distribution is calculated for dry static contacts and the results are compared with friction measurements in a lubricated rolling/sliding contact made with a rough friction test rig. The mean pressure is suggested as a parameter that can be used to predict the influence of surface roughness on the friction coefficient in such contacts. The results show two important properties of the friction coefficient for the friction regime studied in this paper: (1) there is a linear decrease in friction coefficient as a function of the slide-to-roll ratio, and (2) the friction coefficient increases linearly with increasing mean contact pressure up to a maximum limit above which the friction coefficient is constant. The absolute deviation of experimental results from the derived theory is for most cases within 0.005.
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| 430. |
- You, Liwen, et al.
(författare)
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Almost Linear Biobasis Function Neural Networks
- 2007
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Ingår i: The 2007 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks. - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE Press. - 9781424413805 ; , s. 1774-1778
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An analysis of biobasis function neural networks is presented, which shows that the similarity metric used is a linear function and that bio-basis function neural networks therefore often end up being just linear classifiers in high dimensional spaces. This is a consequence of four things: the linearity of the distance measure, the normalization of the distance measure, the recommended default values of the parameters, and that biological data sets are sparse.
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