| 3861. |
- Kourentzes, Nikolaos, et al.
(författare)
-
Unconstraining methods for revenue management systems under small demand
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management. - : Palgrave Macmillan. - 1476-6930 .- 1477-657X. ; 18:1, s. 27-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sales data often only represent a part of the demand for a service product owing to constraints such as capacity or booking limits. Unconstraining methods are concerned with estimating the true demand from such constrained sales data. This paper addresses the frequently encountered situation of observing only a few sales events at the individual product level and proposes variants of small demand forecasting methods to be used for unconstraining. The usual procedure is to aggregate data; however, in that case we lose information on when restrictions were imposed or lifted within a given booking profile. Our proposed methods exploit this information and are able to approximate convex, concave or homogeneous booking curves. Furthermore, they are numerically robust due to our proposed group-based parameter optimization. Empirical results on accuracy and revenue performance based on data from a major car rental company indicate revenue improvements over a best practice benchmark by statistically significant 0.5–1.4% in typical scenarios.
|
|
| 3862. |
- Kourentzes, Nikolaos, et al.
(författare)
-
Visitor arrivals forecasts amid COVID-19 : A perspective from the Africa team
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Annals of Tourism Research. - : Elsevier. - 0160-7383 .- 1873-7722. ; 88
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- COVID-19 disrupted international tourism worldwide, subsequently presenting forecasters with a challenging conundrum. In this competition, we predict international arrivals for 20 destinations in two phases: (i) Ex post forecasts pre-COVID; (ii) Ex ante forecasts during and after the pandemic up to end 2021. Our results show that univariate combined with cross-sectional hierarchical forecasting techniques (THieF-ETS) outperform multivariate models pre-COVID. Scenarios were developed based on judgemental adjustment of the THieF-ETS baseline forecasts. Analysts provided a regional view on the most likely path to normal, based on country-specific regulations, macroeconomic conditions, seasonal factors and vaccine development. Results show an average recovery of 58% compared to 2019 tourist arrivals in the 20 destinations under the medium scenario; severe, it is 34% and mild, 80%.
|
|
| 3863. |
- Kovacs, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Adherence to combined lifestyle factors and their contribution to obesity in the IDEFICS study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Obesity Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1467-7881 .- 1467-789X. ; 16:Suppl. 2, s. 138-150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe Identification and prevention of Dietary- and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS (IDEFICS) study investigated the aetiology of childhood obesity and developed a primary prevention programme. MethodsPre-intervention adherence to key behaviours related to childhood obesity, namely water/sweetened drink, fruit/vegetable consumption, daily TV time, physical activity, family time and adequate sleep duration, was measured at baseline. Adherence to international recommendations was converted into a composite score ranging from 0 (none) to 6 (adhering to all). Data on adherence were available for 7,444 to 15,084 children aged 2-9.9years, depending on the behaviour. By means of multi-level logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex and country, we calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the relationship between adherence to these recommendations and the risk of being overweight/obese. ResultsAdherence ranged from 15.0% (physical activity) to 51.9% (TV time). As adherence increased, a lower chance of being overweight/obese was observed; adhering to only one key behaviour (score=1) meant an OR=0.81 (CI: 0.65-1.01) compared with non-adherence (score=0), while adhering to more than half of the key behaviours (score4) halved the chance for overweight/obesity (OR=0.54, CI: 0.37-0.80). Adherence to physical activity, TV and sleep recommendations was the main driver reducing the chance of being overweight. Overweight/obese children were more likely not to adhere to at least one of the recommended behaviours (19.8%) than normal-weight/thin children (12.9%) ConclusionThe selected key behaviours do not contribute equally to a reduced chance of being overweight. Future interventions may benefit most from moving more, reducing TV time and getting adequate sleep. (c) 2015 World Obesity
|
|
| 3864. |
- Kovács, E, et al.
(författare)
-
Adherence to the obesity-related lifestyle intervention targets in the IDEFICS study.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 38 Suppl 2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To address behaviours associated with childhood obesity, certain target values are recommended that should be met to improve children's health. In the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of Dietary- and lifestyle-induced health Effects in Children and infantS) study such lifestyle recommendations were conveyed as six key messages. Here, we investigate the adherence of European children to these messages.
|
|
| 3865. |
- Kovalenko, A. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Risk Factors for hypospadias in Northwest Russia: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Hypospadias is the most common congenital anomaly of the penis, but its causes are mainly unknown. Of the risk factors identified, the most plausible are hormonal and genetic. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for hypospadias in Northwest Russia based on registry data. The study population included male infants registered in the Murmansk County Birth Registry between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011 (n = 25 475). These infants were followed-up for 2 years using the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry to identify cases of hypospadias not diagnosed at birth. We used logistic regression analysis to examine the contributions of hypospadias risk factors. Out of 25 475 male infants born during the study period, 148 had isolated hypospadias. The overall prevalence rate was 54.2 (95% CI 53.6-54.8) per 10 000 male infants. Those born to mothers with preeclampsia (OR = 1.65; 95% CI 1.03-2.66) or infant birthweight < 2500 g (OR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.18-3.60) exhibited increased risk for hypospadias. Maternal age, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid intake during pregnancy or hepatitis B surface antigen positivity did not associate with increased risk of hypospadias. Combining data from a birth registry with those from a congenital defects registry provided optimal information about the prevalence of hypospadias and its association with low infant birthweight and preeclampsia. These factors have in common changes in hormone levels during pregnancy, which in turn may have contributed to hypospadias development.
|
|
| 3866. |
- Kovalenko, A. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Risk Factors for Ventricular Septal Defects in Murmansk County, Russia: A Registry-Based Study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601 .- 1661-7827. ; 15:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiovascular malformations are one of the most common birth defects among newborns and constitute a leading cause of perinatal and infant mortality. Although some risk factors are recognized, the causes of cardiovascular malformations (CVMs) remain largely unknown. In this study, we aim to identify risk factors for ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in Northwest Russia. The study population included singleton births registered in the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011. Infants with a diagnosis of VSD in the MCBR and/or in the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry (up to two years post-delivery) constituted the study sample. Among the 52,253 infants born during the study period there were 744 cases of septal heart defects (SHDs), which corresponds to a prevalence of 14.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) of 13.2-15.3] per 1000 infants. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify VSD risk factors. Increased risk of VSDs was observed among infants born to mothers who abused alcohol [OR = 4.83; 95% CI 1.88-12.41], or smoked during pregnancy [OR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.02-1.80]. Maternal diabetes mellitus was also a significant risk factor [OR = 8.72; 95% CI 3.16-24.07], while maternal age, body mass index, folic acid and multivitamin intake were not associated with increased risk. Overall risks of VSDs for male babies were lower [OR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.52-0.88].
|
|
| 3867. |
- Kovalenko, A. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Under-reporting of major birth defects in Northwest Russia: a registry-based study
- 2017
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to assess the prevalence of selected major birth defects, based on data from two medical registries in Murmansk County, and compare the observed rates with those available for Norway and Arkhangelsk County, Northwest Russia. It included all newborns (>= 22 completed weeks of gestation) registered in the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR) and born between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2009 (n=35,417). The infants were followed-up post-partum for 2 years through direct linkage to the Murmansk Regional Congenital Defects Registry (MRCDR). Birth defects identified and confirmed in both registries constituted the "cases" and corresponded to one or more of the 21 birth defect types reportable to health authorities in Moscow. The overall prevalence of major birth defects recorded in the MRCDR was 50/10,000 before linkage and 77/10,000 after linkage with the MCBR. Routine under-reporting to the MRCDR of 40% cases was evident. This study demonstrates that birth registry data improved case ascertainment and official prevalence assessments and reduced the potential of under-reporting by physicians. The direct linkage of the two registries revealed that hypospadias cases were the most prevalent among the major birth defects in Murmansk County.
|
|
| 3868. |
- Kræmmergaard, Pernille, et al.
(författare)
-
Managerial Competences for ERP Journeys
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Information Systems Frontiers. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 1387-3326 .- 1572-9419. ; 4:2, s. 199-211
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3869. |
- Krasniqi, Hanife, et al.
(författare)
-
Patients' Experiences of Communicating with Healthcare - an Information Exchange Perspective
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Health Information Management Research (ISHIMR 2011). - : University of Zurich. - 9780955928314 ; , s. 241-251
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To explore on how patients experience the information exchange with healthcare organizations and how this relates to the six areas that constitute good quality care.Method: A qualitative approach inspired by Grounded Theory was adopted. Seven interviews with patients were carried out in the homes of patients.Conclusion: Healthcare does not always meet the requirements of Health and Medical Services Act with regard to good quality health. An effective exchange of information between health professionals and patients was found as a key issue for creating the conditions for good quality care.
|
|
| 3870. |
- Krasniqi, Hanife, et al.
(författare)
-
Web-based Knowledge Portals in Swedish Healthcare : Overview and Challenges
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics 2012. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 9789175197586 ; , s. 9-12
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Healthcare organizations are increasingly becoming dependent on knowledge management activities to improve the quality of care, to maintain a high level of efficiency and innovation as well as to flexibly adapt to raid change. Utilizing knowledge management support systems - e.g. Internet based knowledge portals - to manage medical information and healthcare knowledge aimed to support the full spectrum of knowledge needs has become an important issue for all healthcare professionals. This paper reports on the main findings from analyzing the characteristics and challenges of 15 Swedish knowledge portals containing healthcare information. The analysis is based on inspection of the portals and interviews with their owners. The main challenges found concern fragmentation of knowledge, structuring of knowledge content, usability, interaction and resources for maintaining knowledge content. Future successful development and use of knowledge portals to disseminate healthcare knowledge depend on addressing these challenges, which requires portal owners to have a long-term strategy as well as a systematic way of working.
|
|
