| 21791. |
- Samuelsson, Robin, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Productive resources in science education : The case of adding salt to ice
- 2022
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Ingår i: Abstract of parallel sessions-10 november- FND2022. - : Mittuniversitetet. ; , s. 5-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When we see an object, phenomenon or person we tend to make some immediate associations based on our previous experiences. In other words, we use our intuition to make immediate meaning about what we encounter. In dual process theory, this is referred to as System 1 (contrasted with System 2 for analytical thinking) (e.g. Evans, 2007; Kahneman & Frederick, 2002). Our associations affect how we come to approach whatever we are encountering and thus also how learners approach something new that they are about to learn more about. Traditionally, intuitive responses have been studied from a conceptual change (Posner et al., 1982) perspective as misconceptions. However, an alternative model of learning, the resources framework (Hammer, 2000; Redish, 2004), has later been proposed in order to shift focus to the productive aspects of students’ intuition. In this presentation, we will briefly present this model and how one can apply it in their research by giving an example from my own research. In several of our previous studies, university students of different educational programs in science have, in different contexts, had the chance to investigate what happens when table salt is added to ice. Although both the contexts and the background of the participants have shifted, many of the students employ similar resources in reasoning about the phenomenon. One of these resources is the experience that salt is put on roads to melt ice during the winter.
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| 21792. |
- Samuelsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Effektivare vård på distans med multidisciplinära medicinska videokonferenser?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 20:4, s. 23-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Användning av telemedicin förväntas möjliggöra tillgång till expertråd oavsett var patienten eller läkaren befinner sig geografiskt. Utifrån intervjuer med specialistläkare vid ett universitetssjukhus analyseras i artikeln hur en form av telemedicin – multidisciplinära videokonferenser mellan olika sjukhus – påverkar beslut och relationer i vården. Begrepp som artikuleringsarbete, tyst integrering och skript används för att förstå beslutsfattandet på distans. Artikeln visar att effektivitet i vården kan tolkas på olika sätt och tar upp hur samarbete mellan specialområden uppfattas. Den visar också på ambivalenser vad gäller centralisering eller decentralisering av medicinsk kunskap mellan sjukhus med teknikens hjälp.
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| 21793. |
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| 21794. |
- Sanchez-de-Armas, Rocio, et al.
(författare)
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Soft X-ray Spectroscopic Properties of Ruthenium Complex Catalyst under CO2 Electrochemical Reduction Conditions : A First-Principles Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 119:40, s. 22899-22907
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solar fuel production through photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 is a promising route to popularize the use of solar energy. However, the underlying mechanisms of these complex reactions are not yet fully resolved, hindering the rational design of novel photoelectrocatalysts. To shed light on this challenging problem, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of a number of molecular systems have been calculated using first-principles theory. First, it was found that both XPS and NEXAFS display specific features that correlate with the complex charge state and the coordination number of Ru atom. Furthermore, through the analysis of C 1s and N 1s XPS and NEXAFS spectra of key intermediates, we have identified clear fingerprints for metal-hydride and Ru-CO2 chemical bonding formation, two alternative pathways for catalytic CO, reduction. These results indicate that the understanding of the electrochemical properties of the electrocatalyst, as well as the reaction pathways, could be significantly advanced through operando X-ray spectroscopy experiments based on synchrotron radiation. We expect that these theoretical findings will be the basis of and motivate future experimental initiatives.
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| 21795. |
- Sanchuan, Guo, et al.
(författare)
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THE INFLUENCE OF STORAGE ON BAMBOO PULPS AND PAPER QUALITY
- 2010
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Ingår i: RESEARCH PROGRESS IN PAPER INDUSTRY AND BIOREFINERY (4TH ISETPP), VOLS 1-3. - : SOUTH CHINA UNIV TECHNOLOGY PRESS. ; , s. 734-738
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents research dealing with the way in which storage affects bamboo pulp fibres and the quality of the resulting paper. Two bamboo pulps, cooked to different kappa numbers and then ECF-bleached to similar levels of ISO-brightness, were used to examine the relationship between refining, storage, pulp/fibre properties and the quality of the final paper sheet more closely. The results of this investigation showed that the effects of refining on pulp fibres are not stable: storing bamboo pulp fibres whilst under agitation had a considerably negative impact on properties such as tensile index, TEA, elongation and burst strength of the paper sheet. These effects were more pronounced at higher degrees of refining and for pulps with higher kappa numbers. The apparent density of the paper sheets decreased with agitated storage, whereas the relationship between density and tensile index strength was not affected. The decreases in strength properties after storage in this study are at least partly due to an increase in the number of kinks per mm fibre and a decrease in the effective fibre length and width. It should be observed that reversed latency in the paper industry introduces quality variations, and has an increased energy demand if a certain tensile index level is to be reached. It is easy for incorrect conclusions to be reached regarding the potential of substituting imported hardwood pulps with domestic bamboo pulps if they are not handled properly when used in a furnish for different final products.
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| 21796. |
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| 21797. |
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| 21798. |
- Sandahl, Johan, 1974-
(författare)
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Att ta sig an världen : Lärare diskuterar innehåll och mål i samhällskunskapsämnet
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus of this investigation is civics in the Swedish upper secondary school. In addition to subject matter, civics is also an agent for democratic socialisation. The study explores and analyses the reflections of six teachers on their teaching about globalisation. These reflections, or voices, are researched through interviews and classroom observations. The starting point is the teachers’ description of content and goals in their teaching. The overall aim is to identify and analyse first and second order concepts in their teaching and analyse the relationship between the concepts and democratic socialisation.Despite the strong position of civics as one of the main subjects in school curricula very little research has been done. By focusing on one substantial case, globalisation, this study tries to reach beyond the various topics covered in civics. In order to understand civics teaching the researcher use the history didactic terms of first and second order concepts to find a new way to explore and understand civics.Manifested in the teachers’ voices are ideas on how to organise, analyse, interpret and critically review discourses in society. The second order concepts of civics found in the teachers’ voices are social science perspectives, social science causality, social science inference, social science evidence and social science abstraction.In order to reach their goals in civics the teachers underline the importance of using second order concepts. When pupils work more scientifically they develop a way of thinking about society and they have to challenge their set opinions about different topics. Therefore, the second order concepts are important for achieving civic literacy.
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| 21799. |
- Sandahl, Johan, 1974-
(författare)
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Being Engaged and Knowledgeable : Social Science Thinking Concepts and Students’ Civic Engagement in Teaching on Globalisation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : Karlstad University Press. - 2000-9879. ; :1, s. 158-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The question of whether or not school makes a difference in preparing students for democratic citizenship has been debated for a long time in political science and curriculum studies. These discussions are mostly based on the results of international surveys measuring students’ political attitudes, values and participation. However, we first need to define what kind of prepared citizens are needed. This article takes on the definition issue and presents new perspectives by exploring howteachersin Social Science (Samhällskunskap) and their students in Sweden reason about engagement when they address complex societal issues such as globalisation. Based on interviews with a number of teachers and students I will argue that in order to understand what is going on in school we need to interpret Social Science teaching in terms of first-and second-order concepts,where the second-order concepts could be seen as “how to think like a social scientist”. I will make a case that there is a didactic dilemma for teachers trying to educate students who are both trained in disciplinary thinking and leave school as politically engaged. However, this dilemma is not unsolvable and I will hold a position that it might contain answers to some of the questions that political scientists deal with in terms of engagement
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| 21800. |
- Sandahl, Johan, 1974-
(författare)
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Samhällskunskap och historia i svensk gymnasieskola: ämnenas roll och relation i diskurs och ämnesplaner
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordidactica. - Karlstad : CSD Karlstad. - 2000-9879. ; :1, s. 53-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: The adoption of new syllabuses in history and social science in the new Swedish curriculum raises questions on the relationship between the two subjects. Social Science and History as school subjects have previously been described as both competing and complementary. The competing aspect has mainly been descibed in terms of citizenship education and the complementary aspect has been described in terms of content, abilities, and temporality. This article discusses how history and social science relate to these four topics in didactic discourse and in the new syllabuses. In the didactic discource both subjects underline the importance of making subject matter useful in life outsideschool. However, the new syllabuses are very differently formulated in this sense. History is closely connected to citizenship education and describes content, abilities and temporality in such a context. Social Science on the other hand downtunes the traditional role as a subject important for citizenship. Instead, focus is aimed at disciplinary thinking and using knowledge to understand social science methods and theories. This development is seen as very problematic and challenging for a meaningful teaching of Social Science in upper secondary school. In response to this challenge, the author proposes interdisciplinary didactic development, especially in developing "dynamic concepts" within Social Science didactics.
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