| 70921. |
- Nilsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Non-coronary chest pain does not affect long-term mortality: a prospective, observational study using a matched population control
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Family Practice. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2296. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chest pain assumed to be of non-coronary origin (NCCP) may be linked to enhanced mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to follow NCCP patients, as defined in primary care, with respect to mortality and long-term morbidity of CHD. We further examined if NCCP associates with risk factors for CHD.Methods: Patients consulting general practitioners (GPs) in 1998–2000 in three primary care centers in the southeast Sweden for chest pain regarded as NCCP were compared with controls matched for age, gender and residential area. Causes of death were gathered from registry data and death certificates. In 2005 a postal questionnaire was distributed to the survivors to collect demographic and clinical data. If participants had CHD diagnosed by a physician prior to inclusion they were excluded.Results: Patients with NCCP (n = 382) and population controls (n = 746) did not differ with respect to mortality and incidence of CHD. The NCCP group reported more ongoing chest pain (OR 3.34 95 % CI 2.41–4.62), they more often had elevated blood pressure (OR 1.86 95 % CI 1.32–2.60), consumed more β-blockers (p < 0.001), aspirin (p = 0.013), thiazides (p = 0.004) and long-acting nitrates (p = 0.002). They further had more remedies for acid-related disorders (p = 0.014) and obstructive pulmonary disease (p < 0.001).Conclusions: The study suggests that individuals with chest pain judged by GPs to be NCCP do not develop CHD more frequently than population controls. It is evident that NCCP often lasts for many years and that the condition associates with hypertension.
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| 70922. |
- Nilsson, Staffan, 1974-
(författare)
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Om anställningsbarhet i professionella grupper
- 2009. - 1
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Ingår i: Anställningsbarhet. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144053936 - 9144053932 ; , s. 71-86
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- De senaste åren har anställningsbarhet vuxit fram som ett centralt policybegrepp i Sverige. Det används ofta i diskussioner inom både utbildning och arbetsliv. Vanligt ställda frågor är: Leder utbildning till ökad anställningsbarhet? Får de studerande lära sig vad som krävs för att bli anställda? Ofta används begreppet okritiskt och dess betydelse är otydlig. I denna bok diskuteras och analyseras anställningsbarhet och dess användning kritiskt. Exempel ges från bland annat personalvetarprogrammet, läkar- och civilingenjörsutbildningar, yrkes- och yrkeslärarutbildningar, hälsopreventivt arbete på arbetsplatsen och från kompetensutveckling av vårdbiträden inom omsorgen. Genom dessa exempel får läsaren bilder av vad anställningsbarhet kan vara, hur det tar sig uttryck till exempel genom införandet av olika managementidéer, och vilka konsekvenser det får för arbetets organisering och individers handlande. Boken vänder sig till blivande personalvetare, studie- och yrkesvägledare samt studerande inom pedagogik med inriktning på arbetsliv och vuxnas lärande.
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| 70923. |
- Nilsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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On the anodic deposition of poly-L-lysine on indium tin oxide
- 2016
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Pergamon Press. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 196, s. 629-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We provide and discuss electrochemical quartz microbalance measurements confirming previouslyreported observations that poly-L-lysine films deposited from solution under anodic conditions grow at a constant deposition rate for extended periods of time. Compared to our previous results using Pt, we find that indium tin oxide (ITO) offers an effective surface for film growth where water oxidation is sufficiently suppressed to allow uniform films to be deposited. The fact that the previous results on ITO have been reproduced is positive for the study of polyelectrolyte film creation, and has implications for the use of these films to increase the biocompatibility of hard conducting materials used as electrodes.
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| 70924. |
- Nilsson, Staffan, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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On the determinants of employment-related organised education and informal learning
- 2014
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Ingår i: Studies in Continuing Education. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0158-037X .- 1470-126X. ; 36:3, s. 304-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses the distribution of employment-related organised education and informal learning in the Canadian workforce. The paper draws on a large-scale survey, the Changing Nature of Work and Lifelong Learning (WALL), which was based on structured and standardised telephone interviews with a representative sample of 5783 Canadian members of the employed labour force. In exploring the determinants facilitating employment-related informal learning, three analytical categories of factors derived from previous research on learning participation were used: individual-level factors, job characteristics and workplace environment. The analyses focus on differences in individuals, jobs and workplace characteristics among adult workers who acquired or improved their job-related skills through different training pathways. In addition, analyses were performed to compare the extent to which these factors differ in their influence on learning decisions among workers who combine both organised education and informal learning and those who receive only informal learning. The results indicate that important predictors of participation in employment-related organised education and informal learning are age, educational attainment, learning skills, occupational class, education-job relation, degree of autonomy, degree of labour intensity, principal area of production and organisation size.
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| 70925. |
- Nilsson, Staffan, 1974-
(författare)
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On the meaning of higher education in professional practice : the case of physicians and engineers
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Education and Work. - Glasgow : Routledge. - 1363-9080 .- 1469-9435. ; 23:3, s. 255-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article draws on a longitudinal qualitative study of graduate transitions from higher education programmes to the world of work. In the study, 23 physicians and 20 master's level engineers in information technology, recently graduated from four different universities in Sweden, were interviewed. The aim of this article is to explore the graduates' perceptions of the function and impact of professional education in relation to professional practice. In the case of medicine, the educational and professional competence bases overlap significantly, and the professional education programme is viewed as a direct vocational preparation. However, the physicians argue that the transition to the workplace is associated with a need to reprioritise knowledge. The engineers consider the educational and professional competence bases to be only loosely coupled. Rather than focusing on the substance of the educational programme, the engineers consider the educational programme to constitute a broad foundation facilitating further learning and professional development in the workplace.
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| 70926. |
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| 70927. |
- Nilsson, Stefan, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Place of death among children from 0 to 17 years of age : A population-based study from Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : WILEY. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of paediatric palliative care by investigating, on a population basis, where children in Sweden died, from 2013 to 2019. A particular focus was on comparing two groups: children who died during their first year of life with children who died at 1-17 years of age.METHODS: We hypothesised that there might be variations in place of death between the defined groups. Utilising national registry data, descriptive statistics were used to assess the distribution and variations in the place of death. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to ascertain the impact of associated factors.RESULTS: Most children died in hospitals (74.7%). The hypothesis postulating divergences in the place of death between age groups was not substantiated. Sex and birthplace showed no significant differences in home deaths. Deaths due to malignancies had a relatively high likelihood of occurring at home (39.0%). For perinatal diagnoses, the incidence of home deaths was relatively low (1.5%).CONCLUSION: Children who received support from a specialist palliative service in their own homes were notably less likely to die in a hospital setting compared to those who did not receive such support. An unplanned hospital visit increased the likelihood of hospital death.
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| 70928. |
- Nilsson, Stefan, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Relaxation and guided imagery do not reduce stress, pain and unpleasantness for 11- to 12-year-old girls during vaccinations
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 104:7, s. 724-729
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Relaxation and guided imagery is a distraction technique known to reduce discomfort during paediatric medical procedures. We examined whether its use decreased the stress experienced by 11- to 12-year-old girls receiving the human papilloma virus vaccination, as well as the intensity and unpleasantness of any pain. Methods: A randomised crossover trial was conducted with 37 girls. During the first vaccination, each girl was randomised to receive either relaxation and guided imagery or standard care. They then received the other form of care during the second vaccination. Salivary cortisol was measured before each vaccination, and 30 minutes after it was administered. The girls reported pain intensity and pain unpleasantness before and directly after each vaccination and stress after each vaccination. Results: On a group level, relaxation and guided imagery did not decrease cortisol levels, self-reported stress, pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. Salivary cortisol levels decreased significantly in both groups during the second vaccination. Conclusion: Relaxation and guided imagery did not prove beneficial during the vaccination of 11- to 12-year-old girls and is not recommended as a regular nursing intervention. However, further research is needed into effective techniques to help children who experience pain unpleasantness in connection with needle procedures. ©2015 Foundation Acta PÊdiatrica.
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| 70929. |
- Nilsson, Sigrid, et al.
(författare)
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Resistance training decreased abdominal adiposity in postmenopausal women
- 2023
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Ingår i: Maturitas. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0378-5122 .- 1873-4111. ; 176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate if abdominal adipose tissue volumes and ratios change after a 15-week structured resistance training intervention in postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms (VMS).Study design: Sixty-five postmenopausal women with VMS and low physical activity were randomized to either three days/week supervised resistance training or unchanged physical activity for 15 weeks. Women underwent clinical anthropometric measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline and after 15 weeks. MRI was done using a Philips Ingenia 3.0 T MR scanner (Philips, Best, The Netherlands). The per protocol principle was used in the analysis of data.Main outcome measurements: The absolute change from baseline to week 15 in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume and the relative ratio (VAT ratio) between VAT and total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT), i.e. the sum of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT) and VAT.Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in characteristics, anthropometry or MRI measures at baseline. Women who were compliant with the intervention (i.e. participated in at least two of the three scheduled training sessions per week) had significantly different reduction over time in ASAT (p = 0.006), VAT (p = 0.002), TAAT (p = 0.003) and fat ratio (p < 0.001) compared with women in the control group.Conclusions: Implementation of a 15-week resistance training regimen in midlife may help women to counteract the abdominal fat redistribution associated with the menopausal transition. Clinical trials: gov registered ID: NCT01987778.
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| 70930. |
- Nilsson, Sigrid, et al.
(författare)
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Resistance training reduced luteinising hormone levels in postmenopausal women in a substudy of a randomised controlled clinical trial: A clue to how resistance training reduced vasomotor symptoms
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) are common around menopause. Menopausal hormone therapy is the most effective treatment for VMS. Physical exercise has been proposed as an alternative treatment since physically active women have previously been found to experience fewer VMS than inactive women. In our randomised controlled trial on resistance training to treat VMS, sympoms were reduced by 50% in the intervention group compared with the control group.Objectives: To propose a mechanism to explain how resistance training reduced VMS and to assess if luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were affected in accordance with the proposed mechanism.Trial design and methods: A substudy of a randomized controlled trial on 65 postmenopausal women with VMS and low physical activity who were randomised to 15 weeks of resistance training three times per week (n = 33) or to a control group (n = 32). To be regarded compliant to the intervention we predecided a mean of two training sessions per week. The daily number of VMS were registered before and during the 15 weeks. Blood samples were drawn for analysis of LH and FSH at baseline and after 15 weeks.Results: LH decreased significantly in the compliant intervention group compared with the control group (-4.0±10.6 versus 2.9±9.0, p = 0.028 with Mann-Whitney U test). FSH also decreased in the compliant intervention group compared with the control group, however not enough to reach statistical significance (-3.5±16.3 versus 3.2±18.2, p = 0.063 with Mann-Whitney U test). As previously published the number of hot flushes decreased significantly more in the intervention group than in the control group but there was no association between change in LH or FSH and in number of VMS.Conclusions: We propose that endogenous opiods such as β-endorphin or dynorphin produced during resistance training decreased VMS by stimulating KNDγ-neurons to release neurokinin B to the hypothalamic thermoregulatory centre. Through effects on KNDγ-neurons, β-endorphin could also inhibit GnRH and thereby decrease the production of LH and FSH. The significanty decreased LH in the compliant intervention group compared with the control group was in accordance with the proposed mechanism.
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