| 1301. |
- Krigsman, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Refill non-adherence to repeat prescriptions leads to treatment gaps or to high extra costs.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pharmacy World & Science. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0928-1231 .- 1573-739X. ; 29:1, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine the nature and extent of undersupply and the economic consequences of oversupply of medication among non-adherent patients. METHODS: This study used copies of repeat prescriptions (= multiple dispensations), collected during 1 week in 2002 at 16 Swedish community pharmacies. For patients with a refill adherence below 80%, treatment gaps were defined as the number of days they had no drug available. The cost of drug oversupply (i.e., refill adherence > 120%) was calculated from the prices of the drug packages dispensed. RESULTS: The number of collected repeat prescriptions was 3,636. The median of treatment gaps among patients with a refill adherence below 80% was 53 days per 90-100 days treatment period and the corresponding median for oversupply was 40 days. The cost of oversupply for exempt patients (i.e., patients who have paid 1,800 SEK (Euro 196; US$ 243) per year for medicines) was 32,000 SEK (Euro 3,500; US$ 4,300) higher than for non-exempt patients. An extrapolation to all Sweden indicates that exemption from charges leads to an additional oversupply of about 142 million SEK (Euro 15 million; US$ 19 million) per year above that of non-exempt patients. CONCLUSION: Both undersupply and oversupply of prescribed medicines are common in Sweden. Patients with a refill adherence below 80% seem to have less than half of the prescribed treatment available. Oversupply or drug stockpiling occurs more frequently among exempt than among non-exempt patients, and this oversupply leads to high unnecessary costs.
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| 1302. |
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Kris och kultur : kulturvetenskapliga perspektiv på kunskap, estetik och historia
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dagligen nås vi av nyheter om olika kriser: ekonomiska kriser, långdragna konflikter, länder som hamnat i förhandlingskriser, kändisar som intervjuas om sina senaste kriser mitt i livet, politiska ledare som handlat tvivelaktigt och försatt sitt parti eller sitt land i kris. Det kan upplevas som om vi idag befinner oss mitt i krisernas tid. Det korta 1900-talet vittnar också om krisernas ständiga närvaro. Men i själva verket är krisen varken något unikt för vår egen samtid eller för 1900-talet. I denna antologi synliggör ett antal forskare och doktorander krisen som begrepp och hur kriser tar plats i olika sammanhang. Bokens författare presenterar också perspektiv på hur kris används inom den egna forskningen, som ett sätt att benämna fenomen och möjliggöra dramatisering, kritik och förståelse. Kris är inte bara ett fenomen att studera, utan också en metod för undersökning.
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| 1303. |
- Kristofferzon, Marja-Leena, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Swedish version of the Watts Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ) in persons with heart disease: A pilot study
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 9:3, s. 168-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: As part of preparation for a Swedish multicentre study, exploring sexual and married life in patients with myocardial infarction and their partners, a Swedish validated instrument was required. Aims:The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Watts Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ) among persons with a heart disease.Methods:A convenience sample of 79 persons (47 men and 32 women) living with a heart disease was recruited from the members of the National Association of Heart and Lung Patients. They completed a Swedish version of the WSFQ on two occasions. Results:Two separate factor analyses each revealed a two-factor structure on both occasions: “Sexual appetite” and “Sexual expectations ”with gender-neutral questions and “Sexual sensitiveness” and “Sexual ability” with gender-specific questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.48 to 0.86 and test – retest values for all but one question exceeded 0.70.Conclusions:The Swedish version of the WSFQ showed good validity and stability and acceptable internal homogeneity. Extended evaluations of the questionnaire are recommended.
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| 1304. |
- Kroon, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental and numerical assessment of the work of fracture in injection-moulded low-density polyethylene
- 2018
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Ingår i: Engineering Fracture Mechanics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7315 .- 0013-7944. ; 192, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fracture mechanics properties of injection-moulded low-density polyethylene (LDPE) sheets were investigated both experimentally and numerically. The total work of fracture was determined experimentally, by means of fracture mechanics testing of sheets of injection-moulded LDPE with side cracks of different lengths. A multi-specimen method, proposed by Kim and Joe (1987), was employed. The total work of fracture was estimated to 13 kJ/m2. The experiments were simulated numerically using the finite element method. Crack growth was enabled by inclusion of a cohesive zone, and the constitutive response of this zone was governed by a traction-separation law. The local (or essential) work of fracture was estimated through numerical analyses, where the initiation of crack growth was simulated and the outcome was compared to the experimental results. The local (i.e. essential) work of fracture was estimated to 1.7 kJ/m2, which is consistent with previous experimental measurements for the material in question. The total work of fracture, retrieved from the present experiments, agreed well with the far field values of the J-integral in the numerical analyses.
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| 1305. |
- Kruljac, M., et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of sexual dysfunction among men from infertile couples : prevalence and association with testosterone deficiency
- 2020
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 8:1, s. 160-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This case control study aimed to investigate whether symptoms of sexual dysfunction are more common in males from infertile couples than in the general population and to explore whether symptoms of sexual dysfunction are associated to hypogonadism. Objectives: Participants were 165 subfertile men in infertile heterosexual relationships, 18–50 years of age, with sperm concentrations < 15 × 106/mL. The controls were 199 men from a population-based group, matched for age. Material and methods: Logistic regression was applied in order to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for seven different symptoms of sexual dysfunction. In a multivariate model, we tested independent effects of infertility and primary as well as secondary hypogonadism. Results: Statistically significant association between subfertility and symptoms of sexual dysfunction was found for lack of ability to control ejaculation (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2). For hypogonadism, statistical significance was seen both in relation to low sexual interest/desire for sex (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.0–5.5) and for being worried about the size or shape of the penis (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 1.3–9.5). These associations remained statistically significant in males with primary but not those with secondary hypogonadism. Discussion: Our study showed that men from infertile couples have an increased risk of symptoms of sexual dysfunction and this risk is linked to androgen deficiency. Conclusion: Assessment of reproductive hormone levels and sexual function should routinely be done in this group of males.
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| 1306. |
- Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al.
(författare)
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Active learning and visual analytics for stance classification with ALVA
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery. - 2160-6455 .- 2160-6463. ; 7:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The automatic detection and classification of stance (e.g., certainty or agreement) in text data using natural language processing and machine-learning methods creates an opportunity to gain insight into the speakers' attitudes toward their own and other people's utterances. However, identifying stance in text presents many challenges related to training data collection and classifier training. To facilitate the entire process of training a stance classifier, we propose a visual analytics approach, called ALVA, for text data annotation and visualization. ALVA's interplay with the stance classifier follows an active learning strategy to select suitable candidate utterances for manual annotaion. Our approach supports annotation process management and provides the annotators with a clean user interface for labeling utterances with multiple stance categories. ALVA also contains a visualization method to help analysts of the annotation and training process gain a better understanding of the categories used by the annotators. The visualization uses a novel visual representation, called CatCombos, which groups individual annotation items by the combination of stance categories. Additionally, our system makes a visualization of a vector space model available that is itself based on utterances. ALVA is already being used by our domain experts in linguistics and computational linguistics to improve the understanding of stance phenomena and to build a st ance classifier for applications such as social media monitoring.
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| 1307. |
- Kucher, Kostiantyn, Dr. 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Evaluation and Experimental Design for Visual Text Analytics : Position Paper
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE Workshop on Evaluation and Beyond — Methodological Approaches to Visualization (BELIV '22). - : IEEE. - 9798350396294 - 9798350396300 ; , s. 28-37
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Appropriate evaluation and experimental design are fundamental for empirical sciences, particularly in data-driven fields. Due to the successes in computational modeling of languages, for instance, research outcomes are having an increasingly immediate impact on end users. As the gap in adoption by end users decreases, the need increases to ensure that tools and models developed by the research communities and practitioners are reliable, trustworthy, and supportive of the users in their goals. In this position paper, we focus on the issues of evaluating visual text analytics approaches. We take an interdisciplinary perspective from the visualization and natural language processing communities, as we argue that the design and validation of visual text analytics include concerns beyond computational or visual/interactive methods on their own. We identify four key groups of challenges for evaluating visual text analytics approaches (data ambiguity, experimental design, user trust, and "big picture" concerns) and provide suggestions for research opportunities from an interdisciplinary perspective.
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| 1308. |
- Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al.
(författare)
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DoSVis : Document Stance Visualization
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 13th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications (VISIGRAPP '18). - : SciTePress. - 9789897582899 ; , s. 168-175
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Text visualization techniques often make use of automatic text classification methods. One of such methods is stance analysis, which is concerned with detecting various aspects of the writer’s attitude towards utterances expressed in the text. Existing text visualization approaches for stance classification results are usually adapted to textual data consisting of individual utterances or short messages, and they are often designed for social media or debate monitoring tasks. In this paper, we propose a visualization approach called DoSVis (Document Stance Visualization) that focuses instead on individual text documents of a larger length. DoSVis provides an overview of multiple stance categories detected by our classifier at the utterance level as well as a detailed text view annotated with classification results, thus supporting both distant and close reading tasks. We describe our approach by discussing several application scenarios involving business reports and works of literature.
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| 1309. |
- Kucher, Kostiantyn, et al.
(författare)
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Methodology and Applications of Visual Stance Analysis : An Interactive Demo
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Symposium on Digital Humanities, Växjö 7-8 November 2016. - : Linnaeus University. ; , s. 56-57
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of stance in textual data can reveal the attitudes of speakers, ranging from general agreement/disagreement with other speakers to fine-grained indications of wishes and emotions. The implementation of an automatic stance classifier and corresponding visualization techniques facilitates the analysis of human communication and social media texts. Furthermore, scholars in Digital Humanities could also benefit from such an approach by applying it for literature studies. For example, a researcher could explore the usage of such stance categories as certainty or prediction in a novel. Analysis of such abstract categories in longer texts would be complicated or even impossible with simpler tools such as regular expression search.Our research on automatic and visual stance analysis is concerned with multiple theoretical and practical challenges in linguistics, computational linguistics, and information visualization. In this interactive demo, we demonstrate our web-based visual analytics system called ALVA, which is designed to support the text data annotation and stance classifier training stages.
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| 1310. |
- Kucher, Kostiantyn, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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StanceVis Prime : Visual Analysis of Sentiment and Stance in Social Media Texts
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Visualization. - : Springer. - 1343-8875 .- 1875-8975. ; 23:6, s. 1015-1034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Text visualization and visual text analytics methods have been successfully applied for various tasks related to the analysis of individual text documents and large document collections such as summarization of main topics or identification of events in discourse. Visualization of sentiments and emotions detected in textual data has also become an important topic of interest, especially with regard to the data originating from social media. Despite the growing interest for this topic, the research problem related to detecting and visualizing various stances, such as rudeness or uncertainty, has not been adequately addressed by existing approaches. The challenges associated with this problem include development of the underlying computational methods and visualization of the corresponding multi-label stance classification results. In this paper, we describe our work on a visual analytics platform, called StanceVis Prime, which has been designed for the analysis of sentiment and stance in temporal text data from various social media data sources. The use case scenarios intended for StanceVis Prime include social media monitoring and research in sociolinguistics. The design was motivated by the requirements of collaborating domain experts in linguistics as part of a larger research project on stance analysis. Our approach involves consuming documents from several text stream sources and applying sentiment and stance classification, resulting in multiple data series associated with source texts. StanceVis Prime provides the end users with an overview of similarities between the data series based on dynamic time warping analysis, as well as detailed visualizations of data series values. Users can also retrieve and conduct both distant and close reading of the documents corresponding to the data series. We demonstrate our approach with case studies involving political targets of interest and several social media data sources and report preliminary user feedback received from a domain expert.
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