50181. |
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50182. |
- Mahieu, Ron, 1965-
(författare)
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The Global-Local nexus of Education Policy : the case of entrepreneurship and enterprise in education
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During recent years projects aimed at the introduction of entrepreneurship and enterprise education have increasingly been found in Swedish schools. This is certainly the case for many schools in the county of Västerbotten in the North of Sweden in which now all municipalities are participating in an overall project. The point of departure for this study is the questions that arise over which the driving forces behind this development are, especially since the concepts of entrepreneurship and enterprise education are not mentioned in the National Curriculum. In order to understand why and how entrepreneurship and enterprise education have come to the schools the paper reports on changes in education policy during recent years. Especially the emergence of international policy convergence and new forms of multi-level governance is among the factors to be considered. It will draw an overview of policy development at different levels and argues that national and local policy are increasingly affected by policy frameworks articulated by supranational agencies, such as OECD and EU, which leads to a convergence of education policy. The paper will draw on theoretical and methodological frameworks of Giddens, Castells, and Ball, among others. What forces and agencies have contributed to this growing interest for enterprise education in Sweden and what happens at the local level?
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50183. |
- Mahieu, Ron, 1965-
(författare)
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The Welfare State at risk? : entrepreneurship and enterprise education in Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: ECER 2002. - Berlin : European Educational Research Association (ECER).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent decades programmes aimed at the introduction of enterprise education have increasingly been found in Swedish schools. At first these were introduced at post-16 only but increasingly entrepreneurial learning is spreading throughout the education system. Sweden is not unusual in this respect; similar developments can be seen in other countries. Interesting questions arise over which the driving forces behind this development are. Structural changes in Swedish society and education during recent decades are among the factors to be considered. This paper reports on a project, currently in its early stages, which is seeking to provide a critical overview of Enterprise education. It will draw a literature overview and show theoretical and methodological frameworks for Enterprise education and will draw on the theoretical frameworks of Giddens, and Castells, among others. What forces and actors have contributed to this growing interest for enterprise education in Sweden and what happens at the local school level?
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50184. |
- Mahieu, Ron, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av nya organisationen Samhällsbyggnad Skellefteå kommun
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten är ett utvärderingsuppdrag från Samhällsbyggnad, en förvaltning vid Skellefteå kommun. Uppdraget utgår från en organisationsförändring inom Skellefteå kommun där flera förvaltningar sammanslogs till en större enhet, Samhällsbyggnad, vilket påverkat totalt cirka 500 medarbetare. Den nya organisationen trädde i kraft i januari 2015 och Samhällsbyggnads förvaltning önskade utvärdera förändringens effekter för att få ett underlag för ett fortsatt arbete som syftar till att uppnå ambitionen med förändringen.
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50185. |
- Mahiti, Gladys Reuben, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions about the cultural practices of male partners during postpartum care in rural Tanzania : a qualitative study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Men play an important role in maternal health. The postpartum period is a critical stage, yet there is a scarcity of research that explores men's involvement during this stage.Objective: The aim of the study was to explore male partners' perceptions of the cultural practices during postpartum care in rural Tanzania.Methods: Fourteen focus group discussions were conducted with 93 men, with an age range of 19-65 years, in August 2013. The study was conducted in the Kongwa District, located in the Dodoma region in central Tanzania. Qualitative data were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using content analysis.Results: Four categories emerged, namely: 'Men as providers and, occasionally, care takers', 'Men as decision makers', 'Diverse perceptions of sexual abstinence' and 'Barriers for men in using/accompanying partners to use reproductive and child healthcare services'. The crosscategory theme 'Men during postpartum: remaining powerful but excluded' refers to how men are in a powerful position above women in different aspects of life. Elderly women played an important role in caring for postpartum mothers and their newborns, but men were the ones making the final decision about where to seek care. Traditional practices isolated men from their partners for a certain period, and enforced sexual abstinence for the women during the postpartum period. However, cultural norms permitted men to engage in extramarital relations. Reproductive and child healthcare services were perceived by men as not welcoming the male partners, and local gender norms discouraged men from accompanying their partners to seek services.Conclusions: In this study, we found that men perceived their role during the postpartum period as financial providers, decision makers and, occasionally, care givers. Men also held diverse perceptions with regard to sexual abstinence and felt excluded from participating in maternal healthcare services.
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50186. |
- Mahiti, Gladys R., et al.
(författare)
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"We have been working overnight without sleeping" : traditional birth attendants' practices and perceptions of post-partum care services in rural Tanzania
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In many low-income countries, formal post-partum care utilization is much lower than that of skilled delivery and antenatal care. While Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) might play a role in post-partum care, research exploring their attitudes and practices during this period is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore TBAs' practices and perceptions in post-partum care in rural Tanzania.Methods: Qualitative in-depth interview data were collected from eight untrained and three trained TBAs. Additionally, five multiparous women who were clients of untrained TBAs were also interviewed. Interviews were conducted in February 2013. Data were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze data.Results: Our study found that TBAs take care of women during post-partum with rituals appreciated by women. They report lacking formal post-partum care training, which makes them ill-equipped to detect and handle post-partum complications. Despite their lack of preparation, they try to provide care for some post-partum complications which could put the health of the woman at risk. TBAs perceive that utilization of hospital-based post-partum services among women was only important for the baby and for managing complications which they cannot handle. They are poorly linked with the health system.Conclusions: This study found that the TBAs conducted close follow-ups and some of their practices were appreciated by women. However, the fact that they were trying to manage certain post-partum complications can put women at risk. These findings point out the need to enhance the communication between TBAs and the formal health system and to increase the quality of the TBA services, especially in terms of prompt referral, through provision of training, mentoring, monitoring and supervision of the TBA services.
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50187. |
- Mahiti, Gladys Reuben, et al.
(författare)
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Women's perceptions of antenatal, delivery, and postpartum services in rural Tanzania
- 2015
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : co-action publishing. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 8, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Maternal health care provision remains a major challenge in developing countries. There is agreement that the provision of quality clinical services is essential if high rates of maternal death are to be reduced. However, despite efforts to improve access to these services, a high number of women in Tanzania do not access them. The aim of this study is to explore women's views about the maternal health services (pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum period) that they received at health facilities in order to identify gaps in service provision that may lead to low-quality maternal care and increased risks associated with maternal morbidity and mortality in rural Tanzania. Design: We gathered qualitative data from 15 focus group discussions with women attending a health facility after child birth and transcribed it verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used for analysis. Results: 'Three categories emerged that reflected women's perceptions of maternal health care services: "mothers perceive that maternal health services are beneficial," "barriers to accessing maternal health services" such as availability and use of traditional birth attendants (TBAs) and the long distances between some villages, and "ambivalence regarding the quality of maternal health services" reflecting that women had both positive and negative perceptions in relation to quality of health care services offered'. Conclusions: Mothers perceived that maternal health care services are beneficial during pregnancy and delivery, but their awareness of postpartum complications and the role of medical services during that stage were poor. The study revealed an ambivalence regarding the perceived quality of health care services offered, partly due to shortages of material resources. Barriers to accessing maternal health care services, such as the cost of transport and the use of TBAs, were also shown. These findings call for improvement on the services provided. Improvements should address, accessibility of services, professionals' attitudes and stronger promotion of the importance of postpartum check-ups, both among health care professionals and women.
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50188. |
- Mahlck, Carl-Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Follow-up after early medical abortion : comparing clinical assessment with self-assessment in a rural hospital in northern Norway
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier. - 0301-2115 .- 1872-7654. ; 213, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: A follow-up study was performed on women who had requested medical abortions in a rural hospital in northern Norway to compare clinical assessment with self-assessment of early medical abortion in terms of safety. Study design: During the three-year study period, 392 women requested termination of pregnancy. After excluding those who changed their mind, those who had a spontaneous miscarriage, those who were referred to a central hospital for a two-stage abortion, and those who had the abortion performed surgically, 242 cases remained, and all the medical files were reviewed. Five cases (2%) were lost to follow-up, so the study group consists of 237 cases. Results: Out of the 237 cases, in which a medical abortion was performed, 106 were performed at home with a self-assessment (44.7%), and 131 (55.3%) were performed at the department of Gynecology. The percentage of cases with self-assessment did not noticeably change during the three-year study period. The registered complications were infection, incomplete abortion requiring a surgical procedure and hospitalization due to severe pain. No significant difference in registered complications was found between medical abortions with self-assessment (n=9, 8.5% out of 106 cases) and medical abortions at the gynecological out-patient department (n=6, 4.6% out of 131 cases). Conclusion: According to this investigation, it is equally safe to perform a medical abortion at home with a self-assessment as it is to have a medical abortion at an outpatient clinic. These results could be useful for health care provision in rural areas where access to hospitals is impeded by logistical difficulties.
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50189. |
- Mahlia, T.M. Indra, et al.
(författare)
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Energy and cost savings of optimal thickness for selected insulation materials and air gaps for building walls in tropical climate
- 2012
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Ingår i: Energy Education Science & Technology, Part A: Energy Science and Research. - Trabzon, Turkey : Scila Science. - 1308-772X. ; 29:1, s. 649-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Air conditioning usage in buildings is one of the major energy consumption sources due to thermal comfort requirement in tropical climate. An efficient building thermal insulation can reduce the energy consumption for cooling systems due to heat transfer from ambient. Therefore, it is crucial to study the effectiveness of energy saving by thermal insulation for buildings. In this study, the savings of ten selected building thermal insulation materials on the energy consumption of air-conditioning for cooling are evaluated based on tropical climate condition in Malaysia. The life-cycle cost analysis is conducted is calculated based on the energy savings. The results have revealed that life cycle cost is varying from 73 to 85%/m2 wall and energy saving from 85 to 92%/m2wall, which can be achieved depending on the insulation material used at their optimal thickness. The insulations Stropor exhibit optimal results in terms of economic benefits. The energy savings of air gap in the wall construction is also investigated for the selected insulation material. It is found that additional 0.64%/m2w all of life cycle cost savings can be achieved by applying 6 cm air gap at the selected insulation at optimal thickness.
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50190. |
- Mahlknecht, Philipp, et al.
(författare)
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Parkinsonian signs in patients with cervical dystonia treated with pallidal deep brain stimulation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Brain. - : Oxford University Press. - 0006-8950 .- 1460-2156. ; 141, s. 3023-3034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pallidal deep brain stimulation is an established treatment in patients with dystonia. However, evidence from case series or uncontrolled studies suggests that it may lead in some patients to specific parkinsonian symptoms such as freezing of gait, micrographia, and bradykinesia. We investigated parkinsonian signs using the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor score by means of observer-blinded video ratings in a group of 29 patients treated with pallidal stimulation and a non-surgical control group of 22 patients, both with predominant cervical dystonia. Additional assessments included MRI-hased models of volume of neural tissue activated to investigate areas of stimulation related to dystonic symptom control and those likely to induce parkinsonian signs as well as an EMG analysis to investigate functional vicinity of stimulation fields to the pyramidal tract. Compared with controls, stimulated patients had significantly higher motor scores (median, 25th-75th percentile: 14.0, 8.0-19.5 versus 3.0, 2.0-8.0; P < 0.0001), as well as bradykinesia (8.0, 6.0-14.0 versus 2.0, 0.0-3.0; P < 0.0001) and axial motor subscores (2.0, 1.0-4.0 versus 0.0, 0.0-1.0; P= 0.0002), while rigidity and tremor subscores were not different between groups. Parkinsonian signs were partially reversible upon switching stimulation off for a median of 90 min in a subset of 19 patients tolerating this condition. Furthermore, the stimulation group reported more features of freezing of gait on a questionnaire basis. Quality of life was better in stimulated patients compared with control patients, but parkinsonian signs were negatively associated with quality of life. In the descriptive imaging analysis maximum efficacy for dystonia improvement projected to the posteroventrolateral internal pallidum with overlapping dusters driving severity of bradykinesia and axial motor symptoms. The severities of parkinsonian signs were not correlated with functional vicinity to the pyramidal tract as assessed by EMG. In conclusion, parkinsonian signs, particularly bradykinesia and axial motor signs, due to pallidal stimulation in dystonic patients are frequent and negatively impact on motor functioning and quality of life. Therefore, patients with pallidal stimulation should be monitored closely for such signs both in clinical routine and future clinical trials. Spread of current outside the internal pallidum is an unlikely explanation for this phenomenon, which seems to be caused by stimulation of neural elements within the stimulation target volume.
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