| 61. |
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
- Borgerud, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Open research data, an archival challenge?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Archival Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1389-0166 .- 1573-7500. ; 20, s. 279-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish government has decided that all research results in the form of research data and scientific publications financed with public funds should be openly accessible as far as possible. The question is whether the responsible actors and if the universities are ready to implement the change. The significance of open access has amplified in Sweden. Earlier research has brought to light that the collection and preservation of research data are often surrounded by ambiguous rules and lack a comprehensive structure. For example, archiving is not given enough consideration in connection to research projects and researchers often tend to save their material on platforms that are not persistent over time. This article is based upon a qualitative research approach where 15 semi-structured interviews have been used as primarily data sources to investigate the implementation of open access of research data and scientific publications. The article investigated how Swedish universities and public authorities were working with archiving and implementation of open research data and their opinions on open access. The results displayed a lack of coordination, resources and infrastructure but also that common agreed nomenclature were missing. The management of research data was not part of an overall recordkeeping strategy. One explanation could be differences in the information culture among researchers and archivists. Social sciences theory has been combined with archival theory in order to explain the reasons to this. These have been put in relation to the principles of the open data directive.
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| 64. |
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| 65. |
- Brander, Laura, 1976-
(författare)
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Finns det plats för både kvinnor och män? : Seminariemiljön vid Historiska institutionens grundutbildning ur ett genusperspektiv
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under vårterminen 2009 genomfördes en genusanalytisk undersökning av Historiska institutionens seminariemiljö. Syftet med undersökningen var att öka kunskapen om institutionens seminariemiljö ur ett genusperspektiv liksom medvetenheten om jämställdhet hos studenter och personal vid Historiska institutionen. Undersökningen var uppdelad i tre delar. Den första delen bestod av öppna observationer på A-, B- och C-kursen då bland annat kvinnors och mäns talutrymme kartlades. Den andra delen innefattade en enkät där studenternas syn på seminariemiljön och jämställdheten på institutionen undersöktes. Den tredje delen bestod av en gruppintervju med lärarna som fokuserade på seminarieledarnas roll och syn på seminariemiljön. Undersökningen visar att talutrymmet vid seminarierna är mer jämnt fördelat än vad som var förväntat med tanke på resultat från tidigare forskning. Det finns dock skillnader i hur kvinnor och män agerar och uttrycker sig i seminariesituationen, precis som det finns skillnader i seminarieformerna och undervisningssätten. De flesta studenter är nöjda med seminarieformen som sådan men en del kritik lyftes fram i enkäten då det gäller genusintegreringen på grundutbildningen. Ett annat resultat av undersökningen är att studenter och lärare har formulerat förslag till åtgärder för att förbättra jämställdheten och kvaliteten på undervisningen. Dessa åtgärdsförslag är av sådan karaktär att de även kan tillämpas på andra institutioner vid universitetet.
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| 66. |
- Bring, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Coping Patterns and Their Relation to Daily Activity, Worries, Depressed Mood, and Pain Intensity in Acute Whiplash-Associated Disorders
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1070-5503 .- 1532-7558. ; 20:2, s. 293-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDThere is a lack of knowledge regarding how individuals with acute whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) appraise and cope with situation-specific stressors.PURPOSEThe aim of the study was to describe the daily process of coping reported in a daily coping assessment by individuals with acute WAD within 1 month after the accident. More specifically, profiles of coping strategies were identified and patterns between stressors, primary and secondary appraisals, and coping strategy profiles were described in relation to reported level of activity, worries, depressed mood and pain intensity during the day.METHODA descriptive and exploratory design was applied. Two hundred and twenty-nine whiplash-associated disorders-daily coping assessment (WAD-DCA) collected during seven consecutive days from 51 participants with acute WAD in Sweden, were included. Cluster analysis was used to obtain coping strategy profiles and data were graphically visualised as patterns through the coping process.RESULTSWhen measuring coping as a daily process relating to the specific stressful situation, different coping pocess patterns appeared. During days with a high degree of physical and mental well-being, high self-efficacy beliefs seemed to be working as an important secondary appraisal, whereas during days with a low degree of physical and mental well-being primary appraisals of the stressor as a threat and catastrophic thoughts were present in the coping process.CONCLUSIONSEarly identification of situational- and individual-specific stressors, appraisals and coping efforts as measured by the WAD-DCA may contribute to the understanding of the coping process in the acute stage of WAD and its possible impact on recovery and adjustment.
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| 67. |
- Bring, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Daily stressors in patients with acute whiplash associated disorders
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 34:21, s. 1783-1789
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Stressors in acute whiplash associated disorders (WAD), as reported on a daily basis, have hitherto been neglected in research. The primary aim of this study was to describe the most stressful daily situation or event reported by individuals with acute WAD within a month of a whiplash trauma. Another aim was to describe the meaning and significance of these daily stressors, i.e. primary appraisal. Method: A descriptive design with a content analysis approach was used. 260 WAD-daily coping assessments (WAD-DCA) generated during 1 week by 51 participants with acute WAD were included in the study. Stressors were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The reported stressors generated 13 categories covering a wide range of stressful situations in daily life related to (i) work, (ii) physical symptoms, (iii) feelings and cognitions, (iv) family and home responsibilities and (v) recreation. The majority of the stressors were appraised as "expected" as well as "disabling". Most threatening stressors were related to work, driving and feelings/cognitions. Conclusions: The wide variety of stressors indicates that it is not only pain itself that influences daily life in acute WAD. Early identification of individual and situation-specific stressors gives new data regarding what bothers individuals suffering from WAD after a collision and may be helpful in understanding the coping process in relation to specific stressors and stressor appraisals.
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| 68. |
- Brulin, E., et al.
(författare)
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Healthcare in distress: A survey of mental health problems and the role of gender among nurses and physicians in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 339, s. 104-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:The present article aimed to investigate 1) if mental health problems (depression and burnout including the dimensions; emotional exhaustion, mental distance and cognitive and emotional impairment) differed between nurses and physicians in Sweden, 2) if any differences were explained by differences in sex compositions, and 3) if any sex differences were larger within either of the two professions. Method:Data were derived from a representative sample of nurses (n = 2903) and physicians (n = 2712) in 2022. Two scales were used to assess burnout (KEDS and BAT) and one to assess depression (SCL-6). The BAT scale has four sub-dimensions. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyse each scale and dimension separately. Results:Results showed that 16-28 % of nurses and physicians reported moderate to severe symptoms of burnout. The prevalence differed between occupations across the scales and dimensions used. Nurses reported higher scores on KEDS while physicians reported higher scores on BAT including the four dimensions. Also, 7 % of nurses' and 6 % of physicians' scores were above the cut-off for major depression. The inclusion of sex in the models changed the odds ratios of differences between doctors and nurses in all mental health dimensions except mental distance and cognitive impairment. Limitations: This study was based on cross-sectional survey data which has some limitations. Conclusion:Our study suggests that the prevalence of mental health problems is prominent among nurses and physicians in Sweden. Sex plays an important role in the difference in the prevalence of mental health problems between the two professions.
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| 69. |
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| 70. |
- Burgert, J., et al.
(författare)
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Recursive algorithm for the distribution of characteristic impedance of an elastic rod producing a prescribed impact force history on a given elastic rod
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Impact Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0734-743X .- 1879-3509. ; 161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axial impact between two elastic rods with piecewise constant characteristic impedance is considered. The distribution of characteristic impedance of the impacted rod and the impact velocity are given. By use of a 1D recursive algorithm, the characteristic impedances of the impacting rod are determined as long as they are all positive so that a prescribed impact force is realized. A condition for positivity of the characteristic impedance is derived in terms of transmission coefficients for wave energy. At the time from which positivity of all characteristic impedances cannot be maintained, or earlier, the characteristic impedance of the impacting body is continued, e.g., at the level of the last positive characteristic impedance or at level zero corresponding to cutting off the impacting rod. Examples of prescribed exponentially decreasing and linearly increasing impact forces are presented for a uniform impacted rod with constant characteristic impedance. In these examples, there is good agreement between the prescribed impact force and the impact force obtained from 3D FE simulation with a piecewise linear diameter of the impacting body that approximates the piecewise constant diameter obtained by use of the 1D recursive algorithm.
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