| 51. |
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| 52. |
- Arvidson, Nils Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Short-term effects of the TNFalpha antagonist infliximab on the acute phase reaction and activities of daily life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 67:3, s. 337-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To investigate the short-term effects of the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) antagonist infliximab on the acute phase reaction and activities of daily life (ADL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Fourteen patients with active RA were treated with an intravenous infusion of 200 mg infliximab. The values of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, granulocyte count, lymphocyte count, platelet count and a patient questionnaire score on ADL, the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), were obtained at baseline and on days 4 and 14. The significance levels and effect sizes (ESs) of the changes from baseline were calculated. Results. Changes by day 4: The ESs and significance levels were: CRP 1.7, p<0.005; lymphocyte count 1.4, p<0.005; fibrinogen 0.9, p<0.005; ESR 0.7, p<0.005; and HAQ 0.6, p<0.01. Changes by day 14: CRP 1.6, p<0.005; ESR 1.5, p<0.005; fibrinogen 1.3, p<0.005; lymphocyte count 1.0, p<0.005; granulocyte count 0.7, p<0.05; and HAQ 0.6, p<0.05. Conclusion. CRP, fibrinogen and ESR showed the largest ESs and were thus the most sensitive variables showing the early effect of infliximab in this study. The score on ADL (HAQ) showed less ES, but still significant short-term improvements.
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| 55. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(författare)
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Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Dexamethasone in Severe COVID-19 : A Swedish Cohort Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biomedicines. - : MDPI. - 2227-9059. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dexamethasone (Dex) has been shown to decrease mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the mechanism is not fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the physiological and immunological effects associated with Dex administration in patients admitted to intensive care with severe COVID-19. A total of 216 adult COVID-19 patients were included-102 (47%) received Dex, 6 mg/day for 10 days, and 114 (53%) did not. Standard laboratory parameters, plasma expression of cytokines, endothelial markers, immunoglobulin (Ig) IgA, IgM, and IgG against SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed post-admission to intensive care. Patients treated with Dex had higher blood glucose but lower blood lactate, plasma cortisol, IgA, IgM, IgG, D-dimer, cytokines, syndecan-1, and E-selectin and received less organ support than those who did not receive Dex (Without-Dex). There was an association between Dex treatment and IL-17A, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, syndecan-1 as well as E-selectin in predicting 30-day mortality. Among a subgroup of patients who received Dex early, within 14 days of COVID-19 debut, the adjusted mortality risk was 0.4 (95% CI 0.2-0.8), i.e., 40% compared with Without-Dex. Dex administration in a cohort of critically ill COVID-19 patients resulted in altered immunological and physiologic responses, some of which were associated with mortality.
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| 56. |
- Asif, Sana, M.D, PhD student, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma endostatin correlates with hypoxia and mortality in COVID-19-associated acute respiratory failure
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biomarkers in Medicine. - : Future Medicine. - 1752-0363 .- 1752-0371. ; 15:16, s. 1509-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The contribution of endothelial injury in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and resulting respiratory failure remains unclear. Plasma endostatin, an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction is upregulated during hypoxia, inflammation and progress of pulmonary disease.Aim: To investigate if plasma endostatin is associated to hypoxia, inflammation and 30-day mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 infection.Method: Samples for blood analysis and plasma endostatin quantification were collected from adult patients with ongoing COVID-19 (n = 109) on admission to intensive care unit (day 1). Demographic characteristics and 30-day mortality data were extracted from medical records. The ability of endostatin to predict mortality was analyzed using receiving operating characteristics and Kaplan-Meier analysis with a cutoff at 46.2 ng/ml was used to analyze the association to survival.Results: Plasma endostatin levels correlated with; PaO2/FiO2 (r = -0.3, p < 0.001), arterial oxygen tension (r = -0.2, p = 0.01), lactate (r = 0.2, p = 0.04), C-reactive protein (r = 0.2, p = 0.04), ferritin (r = 0.2, p = 0.09), D-dimer (r = 0.2, p = 0.08) and IL-6 (r = 0.4, p < 0.001). Nonsurvivors at 30 days had higher plasma endostatin levels than survivors (72 ± 26 vs 56 ± 16 ng/ml, p = 0.01). Receiving operating characteristic curve (area under the curve 0.7) showed that plasma endostatin >46.2 ng/ml predicts mortality with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 71%. In patients with plasma endostatin >46.2 ng/ml probability of survival was lower (p = 0.02) in comparison to those with endostatin <46.2 ng/ml.Conclusion: Our results suggest that plasma endostatin is an early biomarker for disease severity in COVID-19.
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| 57. |
- Aspegren, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Novel non-coding RNAs in Dictyostelium discoideum and their expression during development
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 32:15, s. 4646-4656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quest for non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the last few years has revealed a surprisingly large number of small RNAs belonging to previously known as well as entirely novel classes. Computational and experimental approaches have uncovered new ncRNAs in all kingdoms of life. In this work, we used a shotgun cloning approach to construct full-length cDNA libraries of small RNAs from the eukaryotic model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. Interestingly, two entirely novel classes of RNAs were identified of which one is developmentally regulated. The RNAs within each class share conserved 5'- and 3'-termini that can potentially form stem structures. RNAs of both classes show predominantly cytoplasmic localization. In addition, based on conserved structure and/or sequence motifs, several of the identified ncRNAs could be divided into classes known from other organisms, e.g. 18 small nucleolar RNA candidates (17 box C/D, of which a few are developmentally regulated, and one box H/ACA). Two ncRNAs showed a high degree of similarity to the small nuclear U2 RNA and signal recognition particle RNA (SRP RNA), respectively. Furthermore, the majority of the regions upstream of the sequences encoding the isolated RNAs share conserved motifs that may constitute new promoter elements.
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| 58. |
- Bacchetti, Tiziana, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Seven Weeks of Combined Physical Training on High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality in Overweight/Obese Subjects
- 2023
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI. - 2218-1989. ; 13:10, s. 1068-1068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our study aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on HDL composition and functional properties in overweight/obese subjects. Eighteen overweight/obese subjects (nine F and nine M, BMI = 30.3 ± 3 kg/m2) attended supervised training for 7 weeks. The protocol included combined resistance and conditioning training four to five times each week. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) associated with HDL was evaluated in all subjects before and after the training intervention. Moreover, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and oxidative stress markers (ox-LDLs and total antioxidant capacity) were studied in the serums of the subjects. At the end of the intervention, the activity of PON1 was increased (p < 0.0001), and MPO levels and the MPO/PON1 ratio were decreased (p < 0.0001). In addition, a significant improvement in muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (p < 0.0001) and a significant reduction in total and visceral adipose tissue mass (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p < 0.008), without any significant decrease in body weight, were observed. A significant correlation was established between serum MPO/PON ratios, HDL redox activity and ox-LDLs. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that exercise training, without modifications of dietary habits, improved HDL functionality in overweight/obese adults, without any significant reduction in BMI or modifications of glucose and lipid biochemical parameters.
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| 59. |
- Balintescu, A., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and impact of chronic dysglycemia in intensive care unit patients-A retrospective cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 65:1, s. 82-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The prevalence of chronic dysglycemia (diabetes and prediabetes) in patients admitted to Swedish intensive care units (ICUs) is unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence of such chronic dysglycemia and asses its impact on blood glucose control and patient-centered outcomes in critically ill patients. Methods In this retrospective observational cohort study, we obtained glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients admitted to four tertiary ICUs in Sweden between March and August 2016. Based on previous diabetes history and HbA1c we determined the prevalence of chronic dysglycemia. We used multivariable regression analyses to study the association of chronic dysglycemia with the time-weighted average blood glucose concentration, glycemic lability index (GLI), and development of hypoglycemia (co-primary outcomes), and with ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation duration, renal replacement therapy (RRT) use, vasopressor use, ICU-acquired infections, and mortality (exploratory clinical outcomes). Results Of 943 patients, 312 (33%) had chronic dysglycemia. Of these 312 patients, 84 (27%) had prediabetes, 43 (14%) had undiagnosed diabetes and 185 (59%) had known diabetes. Chronic dysglycemia was independently associated with higher time-weighted average blood glucose concentration (P < .001), higher GLI (P < .001), and hypoglycemia (P < .001). Chronic dysglycemia was independently associated with RRT use (adjusted odds ratio 1.97, 95% CI 1.24-3.13,P = .004) but not with other exploratory clinical outcomes. Conclusions In four tertiary Swedish ICUs, measurement of HbA1c showed that one-third of patients had chronic dysglycemia. Chronic dysglycemia was associated with marked derangements in glycemic control, and a greater need for renal replacement therapy.
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| 60. |
- Bandaru, Manoj Kumar, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Apoc2 mutant zebrafish: a model for hypertriglyceridemia and early-stage atherosclerosis
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Zebrafish larvae in a hypertriglyceridemic background can be useful to identify and characterize causal genes for triglyceride metabolism. A previous, small-scale study suggested that apolipoprotein C-II (apoc2)-mutant zebrafish larvae can be used to model hypertriglyceridemia-induced atherosclerosis. We aimed to replicate these findings in a large-scale study and asses if APOC-II may represent a useful therapeutic target. We generated apoc2 mutant zebrafish using CRISPR-Cas9 and examined cardiometabolomic traits in their offspring (F1 generation). Systematic characterization of 384 larvae using our image and assay-based, high-throughput pipeline showed that compound heterozygous larvae for loss of function mutations in apoc2 (n=35) have higher whole-body levels of triglycerides (0.71±0.16 SD), HDL cholesterol (0.32±0.15 SD) and total cholesterol (0.37±0.18 SD), and a trend for lower whole-body glucose levels (0.23±0.14 SD) compared with larvae without mutations in apoc2 (n=174). Such larvae also tended to have more vascular lipid deposition, however this effect did not reach significance (P=0.12). Interestingly, the trends for lower whole-body glucose levels and more vascular lipid deposition in larvae with anticipated loss of functional apoc2 reached significance when larvae (n=3812) from other screens, in which apoc2 was not experimentally perturbed were included as additional wildtype controls. Thus, our large-scale study confirms the role of apoc2 in hypertriglyceridemia and early-stage atherosclerosis. While apoc2 mutant zebrafish model can be used as a genetic background to identify and characterize causal genes for triglyceride metabolism, independent and opposite effects on triglycerides and glucose suggest that APOC-II is likely not a suitable target for prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease.
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