| 213231. |
- Sergienko, T, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of excitation of the 630.0 nm airglow during a heating experiment in Tromso on February 16, 1999
- 2000
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Ingår i: PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE EARTH PART B-HYDROLOGY OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 1464-1909. ; 25:5-6, s. 531-535 Language: English
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During an ionospheric heating experiment in Tromso during February 1999, artificial 630.0 nm airglow enhancements have been observed by the auroral large imaging system (ALIS). The airglow enhancements took place in the F region of the ionosphere near the
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| 213232. |
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| 213233. |
- Serifoglu, Tevfik Emre
(författare)
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Kilise Tepe in Rough Cilicia before the Late Bronze Age : An Overview of the Architecture, Pottery Traditions, and Cultural Contacts
- 2019
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Ingår i: ADALYA. - 1301-2746. ; 22, s. 69-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kilise Tepe is the only ancient settlement with pre-Hellenistic levels in Goksu Valley in southern Turkey that has been excavated. The archaeological work conducted at the site has produced valuable data about the local culture and its links with the neighbouring areas during the Bronze and Iron Ages. This article presents the preliminary results of the excavations of the Early and Middle Bronze Age levels conducted in 2007 and in 2011, with a general evaluation of the stratigraphy and related ceramics, followed by a brief discussion focusing on the destruction at Kilise Tepe at the end of the Early Bronze Age II period and the cultural changes that occurred subsequently. It is argued that, although the inhabitants of the settlement and the valley had developed cultural ties with the surrounding regions earlier, only during the Early Bronze Age III period the area became substantially integrated into the regional trade network.
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| 213234. |
- Serino, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Technique for Improving Bodily Experience in a Non-operable Super-Super Obesity Case
- 2016
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The available clinical guidelines for super-super obese patients (i.e., with body mass index (BMI) 60 kg/m(2)) that are not suitable for bariatric surgery mandate a palliative multidisciplinary treatment (i.e., production and maintenance of weight loss) provided in a center of excellence. However, the modality and the impact of this approach are still controversial. Moreover, it is not able to address the high level of body dissatisfaction and body distortions that are common among these patients. Clinical Presentation: We report the case of a non-operable super-super obesity - a 37 year old woman with a BMI of 62 kg/m(2) - receiving a specialized treatment for her obstructive sleep apnea. She entered a multidisciplinary program that promoted healthy behaviors, including physical activities and psychological intervention. To improve body dissatisfaction, which was linked to a significant multisensory impairment of body perception, she also entered a virtual reality (VR) body-swapping illusion protocol. At the end of the current investigation, the patient continued her multidisciplinary program, reporting an increase in the motivation for undertaking healthy behavior and a decrease in the anxiety feelings associated with her clinical condition. Conclusion: This case provides preliminary evidence that both body dissatisfaction and body-size distortions of non-operable super-super obesity patients could be addressed by a VR body-swapping protocol, which is important because the palliative multidisciplinary treatment recommended for these patients is not able to address them. Interestingly, the use of a VR body-swapping illusion protocol seems to be able to improve not only the experience of the body in these patients but their motivation for change, too.
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| 213235. |
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| 213236. |
- Seroussi, Eyal, et al.
(författare)
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Avian Expression Patterns and Genomic Mapping Implicate Leptin in Digestion and TNF in Immunity, Suggesting That Their Interacting Adipokine Role Has Been Acquired Only in Mammals
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 20:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In mammals, leptin and tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) are prominent interacting adipokines mediating appetite control and insulin sensitivity. While TNF pleiotropically functions in immune defense and cell survival, leptin is largely confined to signaling energy stores in adipocytes. Knowledge about the function of avian leptin and TNF is limited and they are absent or lowly expressed in adipose, respectively. Employing radiation-hybrid mapping and FISH-TSA, we mapped TNF and its syntenic genes to chicken chromosome 16 within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. This mapping position suggests that avian TNF has a role in regulating immune response. To test its possible interaction with leptin within the immune system and beyond, we compared the transcription patterns of TNF, leptin and their cognate receptors obtained by meta-analysis of GenBank RNA-seq data. While expression of leptin and its receptor (LEPR) were detected in the brain and digestive tract, TNF and its receptor mRNAs were primarily found in viral-infected and LPS-treated leukocytes. We confirmed leptin expression in the duodenum by immunohistochemistry staining. Altogether, we suggest that whereas leptin and TNF interact as adipokines in mammals, in birds, they have distinct roles. Thus, the interaction between leptin and TNF may be unique to mammals.
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| 213237. |
- Seroussi, Eyal, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of the Long-Sought Leptin in Chicken and Duck : Expression Pattern of the Highly GC-Rich Avian leptin Fits an Autocrine/Paracrine Rather Than Endocrine Function
- 2016
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 157:2, s. 737-751
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than 20 years after characterization of the key regulator of mammalian energy balance, leptin, we identified the leptin (LEP) genes of chicken (Gallus gallus) and duck (Anas platyrhynchos). The extreme guanine-cytosine content (similar to 70%), the location in a genomic region with low-complexity repetitive and palindromic sequence elements, the relatively low sequence conservation, and low level of expression have hampered the identification of these genes until now. In vitro-expressed chicken and duck leptins specifically activated signaling through the chicken leptin receptor in cell culture. In situ hybridization demonstrated expression of LEP mRNA in granular and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, anterior pituitary, and in embryonic limb buds, somites, and branchial arches, suggesting roles in adult brain control of energy balance and during embryonic development. The expression patterns of LEP and the leptin receptor (LEPR) were explored in chicken, duck, and quail (Coturnix japonica) using RNA-sequencing experiments available in the Short Read Archive and by quantitative RT-PCR. In adipose tissue, LEP and LEPR were scarcely transcribed, and the expression level was not correlated to adiposity. Our identification of the leptin genes in chicken and duck genomes resolves a long lasting controversy regarding the existence of leptin genes in these species. This identification was confirmed by sequence and structural similarity, conserved exon-intron boundaries, detection in numerous genomic, and transcriptomic datasets and characterization by PCR, quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and bioassays. Our results point to an autocrine/paracrine mode of action for bird leptin instead of being a circulating hormone as in mammals.
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| 213238. |
- Seroussi, Eyal, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping of leptin and its syntenic genes to chicken chromosome 1p
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Genetics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2156. ; 18:113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Misidentification of the chicken leptin gene has hampered research of leptin signaling in this species for almost two decades. Recently, the genuine leptin gene with a GC-rich (similar to 70%) repetitive-sequence content was identified in the chicken genome but without indicating its genomic position. This suggests that such GC-rich sequences are difficult to sequence and therefore substantial regions are missing from the current chicken genome assembly.Results: A radiation hybrid panel of chicken-hamster Wg3hCl2 cells was used to map the genome location of the chicken leptin gene. Contrary to our expectations, based on comparative genome mapping and sequence characteristics, the chicken leptin was not located on a microchromosome, which are known to contain GC-rich and repetitive regions, but at the distal tip of the largest chromosome (1p). Following conserved synteny with other vertebrates, we also mapped five additional genes to this genomic region (ARF5, SND1, LRRC4, RBM28, and FLNC), bridging the genomic gap in the current Galgal5 build for this chromosome region. All of the short scaffolds containing these genes were found to consist of GC-rich (54 to 65%) sequences comparing to the average GC-content of 40% on chromosome 1. In this syntenic group, the RNA-binding protein 28 (RBM28) was in closest proximity to leptin. We deduced the full-length of the RBM28 cDNA sequence and profiled its expression patterns detecting a negative correlation (R = -0.7) between the expression of leptin and of RBM28 across tissues that expressed at least one of the genes above the average level. This observation suggested a local regulatory interaction between these genes. In adipose tissues, we observed a significant increase in RBM28 mRNA expression in breeds with lean phenotypes.Conclusion: Mapping chicken leptin together with a cluster of five syntenic genes provided the final proof for its identification as the true chicken ortholog. The high GC-content observed for the chicken leptin syntenic group suggests that other similar clusters of genes in GC-rich genomic regions are missing from the current genome assembly (Galgal5), which should be resolved in future assemblies of the chicken genome.
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| 213239. |
- Serpa Neto, Ary, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiological characteristics, practice of ventilation, and clinical outcome in patients at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units from 16 countries (PRoVENT) : an international, multicentre, prospective study
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. - 2213-2600 .- 2213-2619. ; 4:11, s. 882-893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Scant information exists about the epidemiological characteristics and outcome of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and how ventilation is managed in these individuals. We aimed to establish the epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk of ARDS, describe ventilation management in this population, and assess outcomes compared with people at no risk of ARDS. Methods PRoVENT (PRactice of VENTilation in critically ill patients without ARDS at onset of ventilation) is an international, multicentre, prospective study undertaken at 119 ICUs in 16 countries worldwide. All patients aged 18 years or older who were receiving mechanical ventilation in participating ICUs during a 1-week period between January, 2014, and January, 2015, were enrolled into the study. The Lung Injury Prediction Score (LIPS) was used to stratify risk of ARDS, with a score of 4 or higher defining those at risk of ARDS. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients at risk of ARDS. Secondary outcomes included ventilatory management (including tidal volume [V-T] expressed as mL/kg predicted bodyweight [PBW], and positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] expressed as cm H2O), development of pulmonary complications, and clinical outcomes. The PRoVENT study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01868321. The study has been completed. Findings Of 3023 patients screened for the study, 935 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these critically ill patients, 282 were at risk of ARDS (30%, 95% CI 27-33), representing 0.14 cases per ICU bed over a 1-week period. V-T was similar for patients at risk and not at risk of ARDS (median 7.6 mL/kg PBW [IQR 6.7-9.1] vs 7.9 mL/kg PBW [6.8-9.1]; p=0.346). PEEP was higher in patients at risk of ARDS compared with those not at risk (median 6.0 cm H2O [IQR 5.0-8.0] vs 5.0 cm H2O [5.0-7.0]; p<0.0001). The prevalence of ARDS in patients at risk of ARDS was higher than in individuals not at risk of ARDS (19/260 [7%] vs 17/556 [3%]; p=0.004). Compared with individuals not at risk of ARDS, patients at risk of ARDS had higher in-hospital mortality (86/543 [16%] vs 74/232 [32%]; p<0.0001), ICU mortality (62/533 [12%] vs 66/227 [29%]; p<0.0001), and 90-day mortality (109/653 [17%] vs 88/282 [31%]; p<0. 0001). V-T did not differ between patients who did and did not develop ARDS (p=0.471 for those at risk of ARDS; p=0.323 for those not at risk). Interpretation Around a third of patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the ICU were at risk of ARDS. Pulmonary complications occur frequently in patients at risk of ARDS and their clinical outcome is worse compared with those not at risk of ARDS. There is potential for improvement in the management of patients without ARDS. Further refinements are needed for prediction of ARDS.
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| 213240. |
- Serpa Neto, Ary, et al.
(författare)
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Protective versus Conventional Ventilation for Surgery : A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Anesthesiology. - 0003-3022 .- 1528-1175. ; 123:1, s. 66-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Recent studies show that intraoperative mechanical ventilation using low tidal volumes (VT) can prevent postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). The aim of this individual patient data meta-analysis is to evaluate the individual associations between VT size and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level and occurrence of PPC.METHODS: Randomized controlled trials comparing protective ventilation (low VT with or without high levels of PEEP) and conventional ventilation (high VT with low PEEP) in patients undergoing general surgery. The primary outcome was development of PPC. Predefined prognostic factors were tested using multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: Fifteen randomized controlled trials were included (2,127 patients). There were 97 cases of PPC in 1,118 patients (8.7%) assigned to protective ventilation and 148 cases in 1,009 patients (14.7%) assigned to conventional ventilation (adjusted relative risk, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.46 to 0.88; P < 0.01). There were 85 cases of PPC in 957 patients (8.9%) assigned to ventilation with low VT and high PEEP levels and 63 cases in 525 patients (12%) assigned to ventilation with low VT and low PEEP levels (adjusted relative risk, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.37; P = 0.72). A dose-response relationship was found between the appearance of PPC and VT size (R = 0.39) but not between the appearance of PPC and PEEP level (R = 0.08).CONCLUSIONS: These data support the beneficial effects of ventilation with use of low VT in patients undergoing surgery. Further trials are necessary to define the role of intraoperative higher PEEP to prevent PPC during nonopen abdominal surgery.
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