| 61. |
- Beckung, Eva, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation between ICIDH handicap code and Gross Motor Function Classification System in children with cerebral palsy.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Developmental medicine and child neurology. - 0012-1622. ; 42:10, s. 669-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to apply the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicap (ICIDH; WHO 1980) parallel to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS; Palisano et al. 1997) in a population-based series of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Of the 116 children studied, birth characteristics, data on gross motor function, and level of handicap at 5 to 6 years of age, were retrospectively collected from medical records and documentation made by rehabilitation team members. Low handicap scores and mild levels of gross motor disability were present in children with hemiplegic CP, moderate scores in children with diplegic CP, simple ataxia, and athetotic CP, and high scores in children with dystonic CP and tetraplegic CP. A significant correlation was found between high handicap scores as well as high levels on the GMFCS and the presence of learning disability, epilepsy, and obvious aetiology of CP. A strong correlation was found between the handicap code and the GMFCS, the strongest concerning the dimension of mobility (r = 0.95,p<0.0001). A striking similarity in the grading of disability was present between the ICIDH handicap code and the GMFCS. The GMFCS is considerably less time-consuming and can be evaluated retrospectively. The handicap code requires more detailed information and is more useful for a comprehensive profile of the child.
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| 62. |
- Beckung, Eva, 1950
(författare)
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Development and Validation of a Measure of Motor and Sensory Function in Children with Epilepsy
- 2000
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Ingår i: Pediatric Physical Therapy. ; 12, s. 24-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new evaluative measure of motor and sensory function was developed for children with epilepsy aged six to 16 years. tha basis for the measure were theories of normal motor development and motor control, and the conceptual framework was the World health organization´s International Classification of Impairments, disabilities, and Handicaps. the assessment protocol has 59 items, including gross motor function, gait,balance, coordination, strength, range of motion, velocity, fine motor function, sensation, perception and performance in neurological tests. The quality and level of sensiomotor function were scored. Classification of handicap was included in the test. Intrarater and interrater reliability were evaluated and found to be good (r> 0.9). the test was administrated to 274 children, and evidens of good content validity, criterion-based/concurrent validity, construct validity, and responsiveness to change was found. The test was found to be a useful measure of motor and sensory function in this heterogeneous population of children with epilepsy involved in an epilepsy surgery program.
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| 63. |
- Bengtson, Ann, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Differences between men and women on the waiting list for coronary revascularization.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - 0309-2402. ; 31:6, s. 1361-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to examine the situation for patients on the waiting list for possible coronary revascularization in terms of waiting time, treatment and various aspects of well-being in relation to gender. Patients on the waiting list for coronary angiography, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting in September 1990 were approached with a questionnaire dealing with various aspects as described above. Of the 831 patients who participated in the evaluation, 174 (21%) were women. Although age was similar for men and women, men had a higher prevalence of previous myocardial infarction and a lower prevalence of previous hypertension. In terms of medication, women were more frequently treated with diuretics and sedatives than men. Women reported a higher frequency than men with regard to the following symptoms: chest pain at rest and at night, dyspnoea when walking, tachycardia, tiredness, headache, dizziness and sweating. Women also suffered more frequently from difficulty going to sleep, difficulty waking up, repeated awakening and insomnia. Men, on the other hand, suffered more frequently from restlessness, inability to act and irritability. Among patients on the waiting list for possible coronary revascularization, women differed from men by being more frequently treated with diuretics, reporting a higher frequency of various cardiovascular symptoms including chest pain and dyspnoea and, furthermore, reporting more sleeping disorders. Gender differences were found but they were not consistent.
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| 64. |
- Bengtsson, B A, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of growth hormone deficiency in adults.
- 2000
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 85:3, s. 933-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In analogy with other hormonal replacement therapy GH treatment should be commenced with a low starting dose, independent of body weight or body surface area. Hormonal replacement should mimic the normal physiology to minimize the risk of side effects in the life-long replacement of adults. We should, therefore, consider individual responsiveness and also be aware of the difference between pattern of GH under normal condition and during s.c. administration. The safety and monitoring of GH replacement therapy in adults have been addressed in the Growth Hormone Research Society Consensus Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Adults with GH Deficiency from the Port Stephens Workshop, April 1997. Besides finding better and more accurate biochemical markers for choosing correct GH replacement dose, future research should address the long-term benefits and safety with GH replacement in adults, with special emphasize on incipient risks in terms of cardiovascular disease and of neoplasia, in particular.
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| 65. |
- Bengtsson, H. Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of the antidepressant mirtazapine with alpha2-adrenoceptors modulating the release of 5-HT in different rat brain regions in vivo.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. - 0028-1298. ; 362:4-5, s. 406-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mirtazapine (MIR) is a novel antidepressant, reported to raise extracellular noradrenaline (NA) through blockade of alpha2-autoreceptors and serotonin (5-HT) output via (1) indirect activation of facilitatory alpha1-adrenoceptors on the cell bodies of ascending 5-HT neurones and (2) blockade of presynaptic release-modulating alpha2-heteroreceptors on 5-HT terminals in the forebrain. To further assess the effect of MIR on NA/5-HT system interplay, including putative regional differences in the effects of the drug on 5-HT release in rat forebrain, we used in vivo microdialysis in anaesthetised rats. Probes were implanted in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) and frontal cortex (FCx), representing median and dorsal raphe 5-HT projection areas, respectively. In the DH, MIR (10 mg/kg s.c.) completely blocked the 5-HT release-suppressing action of the selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (0.1 mg/kg s.c.), but had no effect per se on the 5-HT output. Neither drug significantly changed the 5-HT levels in the FCx. MIR perfused locally (10 microM via reverse-dialysis) also failed to significantly elevate 5-HT output, and did not affect the clonidine response in either brain area. Thus, the data confirm the basic alpha2-adrenoceptor-blocking properties of MIR, but are only partly concordant with previous studies reporting an increase of 5-HT output after MIR alone. Moreover, we find no elevation in 5-HT by the reference alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist idazoxan (0.3-1.0 mg/kg s.c.). The discrepancies encountered, and the potential ability of alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonists in general to raise the output of 5-HT, are discussed with particular reference to methodological and other factors that may influence the experimental outcome (e.g., brain regional aspects, different alpha2-adrenoceptor subtypes, potential differences in adrenoceptor tone under varying experimental conditions).
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
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| 68. |
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| 69. |
- Benson, Ken, 1956
(författare)
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Realismo(s)/Vanguardismo(s)
- 2000
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Ingår i: XIV Romanistkongressen, Stockholm, 10-15 augusti 1999, Jane Nystedts (utg.), Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, Romanica Stockholmiensia (CD-rom). ; :19
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 70. |
- Benson, Mikael, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Increase of the soluble IL-4 receptor (IL-4sR) and positive correlation between IL-4sR and IgE in nasal fluids from school children with allergic rhinitis.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Allergy and asthma proceedings. - : OceanSide Publications. - 1088-5412 .- 1539-6304. ; 21:2, s. 89-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soluble cytokine receptors (SCR) can either act as inhibitors, by competitively inhibiting cytokines from binding to their membrane-bound receptors, or as enhancers, by serving as cytokine carriers. We have previously found that the levels of the Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 were positively correlated to eosinophils and IgE in nasal fluids from 60 children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. In this study, nasal fluids were reexamined to analyze IL-4sR, IL-6sR, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-1sR2, TNF-sR1, and TNFsR2 in relation to eosinophils, neutrophils, ECP, and IgE. In allergic patients IL-4sR increased significantly during the pollen season, and weak, but positive correlations with IgE and eosinophils were found (r = 0.45, P < 0.001 and r = 0.4, P < 0.001 respectively). By contrast, none of the other SCR showed increases or correlations with IgE. However, positive correlations between IL1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6sR, IL-1sR2, TNF-sR1, TNF-sR2, and either neutrophils or ECP were found. Also, in healthy controls, these cytokines and their receptors were positively correlated to neutrophils or ECP. Thus, increased levels of the soluble IL-4 receptor, as well as IgE, were specifically associated with allergic rhinitis, whereas all other SCR correlated with either inflammatory cells or their products, in both allergic and healthy subjects. These results may suggest that SCR in vivo act as cytokine enhancers, rather than inhibitors.
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