| 41. |
- Lod, S., et al.
(author)
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The influence of epigenetics in relation to oral health
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029. ; 12:1, s. 48-54
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The immune response is influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors, as well as disease and environmental factors. The term epigenetics' describes changes in the genome that influence the gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. In contrast to genetic changes in the DNA, epigenetic changes are reversible and are influenced by environmental factors. The aim of this study is to review the literature on epigenetic modifications with respect to oral health and inflammatory conditions in the oral cavity and to discuss the potential use of this new research field for the dental hygienists' and/or dentists' clinical work. Relevant publications were identified using the PubMed database without limits. The searches were conducted during January to March 2012 and resulted in articles published between 1912 and 2012. Key factors such as environment, diet, smoking, bacteria and inflammation were identified to be relevant to oral health. The result of this review article shows that there is a void in the research on epigenetics in relation to oral health. Identification of epigenetic modifications correlating with oral health may not only present a link between the influence of genetics and that of the environment on oral diseases but also provide new treatment models and tools for the dental professionals.
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| 42. |
- Ohrn, K, et al.
(author)
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Dental beliefs, patients' specific attitudes towards dentists and dental hygienists: a comparative study.
- 2008
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In: International journal of dental hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5037 .- 1601-5029. ; 6:3, s. 205-13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interpersonal relationships are important for communication, oral health education and patients' satisfaction with dental care. To assess patients' attitudes towards dental caregivers, a Swedish version of the revised Dental Belief Survey (DBS-R) and a comparable and partly new instrument the Dental Hygienist Belief Survey (DHBS) have been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate if patients' attitudes towards dental hygienists (DH) and dentists (D) differ with regard to the separate items in DBS-R and DHBS. The study was a comparative cross-sectional study with 364 patients (students, general patients and patients with periodontal disease). All patients completed the DBS-R and DHBS surveys. The overall pattern in the results showed that participants in general had a less negative attitude towards DH when compared with that towards D. This was most pronounced among students and least pronounced among patients with periodontal disease. No statistically significant difference could be found in items with regard to feelings of shame and guilt in dental care situations, indicating that these items were rated on a more negative level also for DH. The conclusion is that participants had a less negative attitude towards DH with the exception of situations which may give rise to feelings of shame and guilt, an important finding for future dental hygiene care.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Stenman, Jane, 1955, et al.
(author)
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Patients' attitudes towards oral health and experiences of periodontal treatment: a qualitative interview study
- 2009
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In: Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry. ; 7:4, s. 393-401
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of the present qualitative study was to analyse patients' attitudes towards oral health and experiences of periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods: Patients who were referred to a specialist clinic in periodontics were subjected to open-ended interviews before (Abrahamsson et al, 2008), as well as after, the phase of cause-related periodontal therapy. An interview guide was used with themes of interest. The time interval between the interviews was about 6 months. Because the study focused on psychosocial interactions, the qualitative method used for the analysis was Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). Data collection and analysis were simultaneous processes that focus on psychosocial processes, existing problems and how these problems were dealt with. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and consequently analysed in a hierarchical coding process until saturation was met (n = 16). Results: In the analysis, a core category was identified: 'Understanding the seriousness of the disease condition'. This core concept was related to four additional categories and dimensions: 'The need to be treated respectfully', 'To gain insight', 'Frustration about the financial cost for treatment' and 'Feelings of control over the situation'. Taken together, the core category and its related subcategories described a psychosocial process that was related to periodontal treatment. Conclusions: The results elucidated the patients' vulnerability and the importance of patient communication in the treatment for chronic periodontitis in order for the patient to feel in control of the situation.
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| 46. |
- Tomasi, Cristiano, 1964, et al.
(author)
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A randomized multi-centre study on the effectiveness of non-surgical periodontal therapy in general practice
- 2022
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In: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - : Wiley. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 49:11, s. 1092-1105
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of two non-surgical treatment protocols for periodontitis patients in general dental practice. Materials and Methods Ninety-five dental hygienists (59 dental clinics) were randomly assigned to one of two treatment protocols: (i) establishment of adequate self-performed oral hygiene prior to a single session of ultrasonic instrumentation (guided periodontal infection control [GPIC]) or (ii) conventional non-surgical therapy (CNST) including patient education and scaling and root planing integrated in multiple sessions. Residual pockets at 3 months were retreated in both groups. The primary outcome was pocket closure (probing pocket depth <= 4 mm) at 6 months. Multilevel models were utilized. Results Based on data from 615 patients, no significant differences with regard to clinical outcomes were observed between treatment protocols. Treatment-related costs (i.e., chair time, number of sessions) were significantly lower for GPIC than CNST. Smoking and age significantly affected treatment outcomes. Conclusions No significant differences between the two approaches were observed in regard to clinical outcomes. GPIC was more time-effective. Patient education should include information on the detrimental effects of smoking. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02168621).
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| 47. |
- Tomasi, Cristiano, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Subgingival instrumentation
- 2023
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In: Periodontology 2000. - 0906-6713.
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The S3-level clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with periodontitis stages I-III published by the European Federation of Periodontology in 2020, suggest a pre-established stepwise approach for oral-healthcare professionals with precise therapeutic pathways. The second step of this approach consists of the subgingival instrumentation of periodontal pockets by non-surgical means to disrupt the microbial biofilm and remove soft and mineralized deposits This step aims to resolve periodontal inflammation by closure of periodontal pockets (probing pocket depth <= 4 mm, absence of bleeding on probing) employing different types of instruments and treatment protocols toward this end. Novel non-surgical treatment approaches that adopt micro instruments or subgingival application of biological agents have been recently tested. Subgingival instrumentation has been shown to effectively restore the subgingival microbiota to one associated with periodontal health and to modulate the inflammatory response. The outcomes of the subgingival instrumentation have to be evaluated in order to guide the therapist in providing additional but focused treatment in the remaining pockets OR at sites with residual inflammation. Of great importance is the impact that non-surgical periodontal treatment has on the patient's well-being, based on evidence that emerges from studies evaluating patient related outcomes and quality of life.
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| 48. |
- Östberg, Anna-Lena, et al.
(author)
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Oral health locus of control in a Swedish adolescent population
- 2013
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In: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 71:1, s. 249-55
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract OBJECTIVE: The aim was to test and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Oral Health Locus of Control (OHLoC) instrument and its relation to dental anxiety, self-efficacy and self-perceived oral health among Swedish adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A random sample of 758 (63% of 1208 invited) 19-year-old individuals in three residential areas in western Sweden (two rural, one urban) answered a set of questionnaires prior to a dental examination. RESULTS: The face and content validity of the OHLoC was deemed good in pilot interviews with individuals of the target age. Explorative factor analysis verified the dimensions of the OHLoC sub-scales (internal, external, chance locus of control) with loadings from 0.503 - 0.812, explaining 54.6% of the variance. Construct validity was confirmed in relation to two other psychometric scales, on dental anxiety (DAS) and on general self-efficacy (GSE), with correlations in the expected directions. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the internal sub-scale displayed the most consistent statistically significant associations with self-perceived oral health, also when accounting for gender, demography and health behavior. There were no significant differences between genders on the OHLoC, but females scored statistically significantly higher on the DAS (p = 0.005) and lower on the GSE (p = 0.021) than males. CONCLUSIONS: The Swedish version of the OHLoC appears to have acceptable psychometric properties for use in an adolescent population.
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| 49. |
- Östberg, Anna-Lena, et al.
(author)
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Socio-economic and lifestyle factors in relation to priority of dental care in a Swedish adolescent population.
- 2010
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In: Swedish dental journal. - 0347-9994. ; 34:2, s. 87-94
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this epidemiological survey was to describe and analyze oral health habits and life-style factors in relation to the priority of regular dental care in 19-year-old individuals with specific reference to gender, residential area and socio-economic grouping. The data were generated from a randomized sample of 758 (63%) individuals in three residential areas in Western Sweden (two rural, one urban) who answered a set of questionnaires prior to a dental examination. The analysis revealed that males had significantly less favourable oral health habits than females. Forty-one % of the males and 30% of the females did not plan regular dental visits after the age of 20 when they will be charged for the care (p = 0.002). There were no statistically significant differences in oral health habits and dental care priorities with regard to residential areas and socio-economic groups. In a multivariate model, three significant factors for the probability of "not planning for future regular dental visits" were identified: toothbrushing less than twice daily (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.28-2.94), smoking (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.10-2.56) and male gender (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.05-2.24). The findings emphasize the need for promotion of favourable oral health habits and smoking prevention among adolescents. There is also a need for dental personnel to recognize differences with regard to oral health-related attitudes and behaviours between males and females.
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