| 381. |
- Stenlid, Rasmus, et al.
(författare)
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High DPP-4 concentrations in adolescents are associated with low intact GLP-1
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 103:8, s. 2958-2966
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) metabolizes glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and increased DPP4 levels are associated with obesity and visceral adiposity in adults.Objective: Investigating DPP-4 levels in adolescents and association with, firstly, circulating intact GLP-1 levels and glucose tolerance, secondly, BMI, and, thirdly visceral, subcutaneous and liver fat compartments.Design: Cross-sectional study, July 2012 to April 2015.Setting: Pediatric obesity clinic, Uppsala University Hospital.Patients and participants: Children and adolescents with obesity (n=59) and lean controls (n=21), age 8-18.Main outcome measures: BMI SDS, fasting plasma concentrations of DPP-4, total and intact GLP-1, fasting and OGTT concentrations of glucose and visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue volumes and liver fat fraction.Results: Plasma DPP-4 decreased with age both in obese (41 ng/ml per year) and lean subjects (48 ng/ml per year). Plasma DPP-4 was higher in males both in the obesity and lean group. When adjusting for age and sex, plasma DPP-4 was negatively associated with intact GLP-1 at fasting, B=-12.3, 95% CI [-22.9, -1.8] and during OGTT, B=-12.1, 95% CI [-22.5, -1.7]. No associations were found between DPP-4 and plasma glucose measured at fasting or after a 2-hour OGTT. Plasma DPP-4 was 19% higher in the obese subjects. Among adipose tissue compartments the strongest association was with VAT, B=0.05, 95% CI [-0.02, 0.12].Conclusions: In adolescents, high plasma DPP-4 concentrations are associated with low proportion of intact GLP-1, high BMI, young age and male sex. The observed associations are compatible with an increased metabolism of GLP-1 in childhood obesity.
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| 382. |
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| 383. |
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| 384. |
- Strand, Robin, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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A concept for holistic whole body MRI data analysis, Imiomics
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To present and evaluate a whole-body image analysis concept, Imiomics (imaging omics) and an image registration method that enables Imiomics analyses by deforming all image data to a common coordinate system, so that the information in each voxel can be compared between persons or within a person over time and integrated with non-imaging data.Methods: The presented image registration method utilizes relative elasticity constraints of different tissue obtained from whole-body water-fat MRI. The registration method is evaluated by inverse consistency and Dice coefficients and the Imiomics concept is evaluated by example analyses of importance for metabolic research using non-imaging parameters where we know what to expect. The example analyses include whole body imaging atlas creation, anomaly detection, and cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.Results: The image registration method evaluation on 128 subjects shows low inverse consistency errors and high Dice coefficients. Also, the statistical atlas with fat content intensity values shows low standard deviation values, indicating successful deformations to the common coordinate system. The example analyses show expected associations and correlations which agree with explicit measurements, and thereby illustrate the usefulness of the proposed Imiomics concept.Conclusions: The registration method is well-suited for Imiomics analyses, which enable analyses of relationships to non-imaging data, e.g. clinical data, in new types of holistic targeted and untargeted big-data analysis.
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| 385. |
- Strand, Robin, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Holistic whole-body MRI image analysis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Symposium of the Swedish Society for Automated Image Analysis, Uppsala, Sweden, (SSBA).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 386. |
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| 387. |
- Strand, Robin, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships Between Plasma Levels And Six Proinflammatory Interleukins And Body Composition Using A New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Voxel-based Technique
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cytokine: X. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-1532. ; 3:1, s. 100050-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity has previously been linked to inflammation. Here we investigated how plasma levels of six interleukins were related to body fat distributionMethods: In 321 subjects, all aged 50 years, in the population-based POEM study (mean BMI 26-27 kg/m2), six interleukins were measured together with a DXA scan for determination of fat and lean mass. Also a whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, in which fat content measurements were acquired in >1 million voxels was performed. Interleukin levels were related to each of these voxels by the voxel-based technique “imiomics” to create a 3D-view of how these measurements were related to size of each part of the body.Results: Levels of IL-1RA and IL-6 were related to traditional DXA and MRI measurements of adipose tissue at all locations. Neither IL-6R, nor IL-8 or IL-18, showed any consistent significant relationships vs the traditional measurements of body composition, while IL-16 showed relationships being of borderline significance. The imiomics evaluation further strengthen the view that IL-1RA and IL-6 were related to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), as well to ectopic fat distribution. In women, IL-16 levels were weakly related to expansion of SAT in the upper part of the body, while on the contrary, IL-8 levels were related to a reduction of SAT volume.Conclusion: Of the six evaluated interleukins, plasma IL-1RA and IL-6 levels were related to the amount of adipose tissue in all parts of the body, while a diverse picture was seen for other interleukins, suggesting that different interleukins are related to fat distribution in different ways.
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| 388. |
- Straniero, S., et al.
(författare)
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Acute caloric restriction counteracts hepatic bile acid and cholesterol deficiency in morbid obesity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 281:5, s. 507-517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundBile acid (BA) synthesis is regulated by BA signalling in the liver and by fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), synthesized and released from the intestine. In morbid obesity, faecal excretion and hepatic synthesis of BAs and cholesterol are strongly induced and caloric restriction reduces their faecal excretion considerably. We hypothesized that the high intestinal food mass in morbidly obese subjects promotes faecal excretion of BAs and cholesterol, thereby creating a shortage of both BAs and cholesterol in the liver.MethodsTen morbidly obese women (BMI 42 ± 2.6 kg m−2) were monitored on days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 after beginning a low‐calorie diet (800–1100 kcal day−1). Serum was collected and liver size and fat content determined. Synthesis of BAs and cholesterol was evaluated from serum markers, and the serum levels of lipoproteins, BAs, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), insulin, glucose and FGF19 were monitored. Fifty‐four nonobese women (BMI <25 kg m−2) served as controls.ResultsAt baseline, synthesis of both BAs and cholesterol and serum levels of BAs and PCSK9 were elevated in the obese group compared to controls. Already after 3 days on a low‐calorie diet, BA and cholesterol synthesis and serum BA and PCSK9 levels normalized, whereas LDL cholesterol increased. FGF19 and triglyceride levels were unchanged, and liver volume was reduced by 10%.ConclusionsThe results suggest that hepatic BAs and cholesterol are deficient in morbid obesity. Caloric restriction rapidly counteracts these deficiencies, normalizing BA and cholesterol synthesis and circulating PCSK9 levels, indicating that overproduction of cholesterol in enlarged peripheral tissues cannot explain this phenotype. We propose that excessive food intake promotes faecal loss of BAs and cholesterol contributing to their hepatic deficiencies.
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| 389. |
- Sundín, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Computed tomography of experimental liver metastases using an iodinated hepatocyte-specific lipid emulsion : a correlative study in the nude rat
- 1994
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Ingår i: Investigative Radiology. - 0020-9996 .- 1536-0210. ; 29:11, s. 963-969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: A hepatocyte-specific iodinated lipid emulsion, NRI 757, was used for detection of experimental hepatic metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed in a correlative model of multiple hepatic metastases from a human colonic cancer implanted in the nude rat. RESULTS: After intravenous injection, normal liver parenchyma remained enhanced for several hours, whereas the uptake in hepatic metastases was negligible. A liver-to-lesion contrast of 45 Hounsfield units (HU) was obtained at a dose of 1 mL NRI 757/kg body weight (BW). In a lesion-by-lesion analysis of 177 metastases ranging in size from 1 to 32 mm, the mean +/- standard deviation overall detection rate for native scanning and contrast-enhanced scanning in vivo and post mortem, 20 +/- 0.4%, 53 +/- 5.2%, and 55 +/- 4.0%, respectively and 28%, 84%, and 82%, retrospectively. When metastatic size also was considered, for native scanning the maximum detection rate of 61% was reached for 8- to 10-mm lesions, whereas for contrast-enhanced computed tomography scanning, 100% of the 5- to 7-mm lesions and 42% of the 1- to 2-mm nodules were detected. CONCLUSION: The use of NRI 757 improved the diagnostic yield considerably.
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| 390. |
- Sundín, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Contrast-enhanced CT scanning in vivo for the quantification of hepatic metastases from a human colonic cancer in the nude rat
- 1992
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Ingår i: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 18:6, s. 615-623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hepatic metastases were induced in nude rats by intraportal injection of 2.5-5.0 x 10(6) cells from the human colonic cancer cell line LS 174 T. Quantification of tumour burden, expressed as relative metastatic area, was performed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scanning in vivo (n = 14), contrast enhanced CT scanning post mortem (n = 21) and computer-based area calculation (CBAC) (n = 21). To determine the false-positive contribution to the estimated tumour burden by the evaluation procedures themselves, six rats without metastases were assessed. The quantification in the three different assessment groups was in close accordance in animals with an intermediate or extensive metastatic burden, but not in rats with a minor (< 4%) tumour burden. The results indicate that contrast-enhanced CT scanning can be used in this model to quantify hepatic metastases, except in animals with few and small lesions. Furthermore, the results suggest a potential for the assessment of therapeutic response by repeated contrast-enhanced CT scanning in vivo, as well as prospects for a corresponding evaluation in man.
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