| 51. |
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| 52. |
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| 53. |
- Kinhult, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Endothelial damage after treatment with low-molecular weight heparins - a morphological study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2006 .- 1401-7431. ; 37:1, s. 30-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective-Recent studies failed to show long-term benefit with low-molecular weight heparins (LMWH) in unstable coronary heart disease. A previous study of vascular effects of the cytostatic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) showed that dalteparin prevented thrombosis induced by 5-FU but endothelial damage was not ameliorated and was present also in animals treated with dalteparin only. This study investigates the influence of LMWH currently in clinical use on arterial endothelium in vivo. Design-Eighty rabbits in four groups were treated with dalteparin, enoxaparin, tinzaparin and saline, respectively. Arterial endothelium was examined after 3, 14, 30 and 60 days with scanning electron microscopy. Results-All three groups treated with LMWH showed moderate damage to the endothelium, with contracted vessel wall and endothelial cells, cell membrane damage, denudation of subendothelium and adhering platelets. Contrarily, the control group exhibited a normal endothelium. Conclusion-Morphologic examination of arterial endothelium shows that all investigated LMWH exert a moderate toxic effect on endothelial cells. The clinical impact of these observations, e. g. concerning effect of long-term LMWH treatment, needs to be further elucidated.
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| 54. |
- Kotti, Angeliki, et al.
(författare)
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SPARCL1 Expression Increases With Preoperative Radiation Therapy and Predicts Better Survival in Rectal Cancer Patients
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. - : Elsevier. - 0360-3016 .- 1879-355X. ; 88:5, s. 1196-1202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeThe secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine-like 1 (SPARCL1) is expressed in various normal tissues and many types of cancers. The function of SPARCL1 and its relationship to a patient's prognosis have been studied, whereas its relationship to radiation therapy (RT) is not known. Our aim was to investigate the expression of SPARCL1 in rectal cancer patients who participated in a clinical trial of preoperative RT.Methods and MaterialsThe study included 136 rectal cancer patients who were randomized to undergo preoperative RT and surgery (n=63) or surgery alone (n=73). The expression levels of SPARCL1 in normal mucosa (n=29), primary tumor (n=136), and lymph node metastasis (n=35) were determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsTumors with RT had stronger SPARCL1 expression than tumors without RT (P=.003). In the RT group, strong SPARCL1 expression was related to better survival than weak expression in patients with stage III tumors, independent of sex, age, differentiation, and margin status (P=.022; RR = 18.128; 95% confidence interval, 1.512-217.413). No such relationship was found in the non-RT group (P=.224). Further analysis of interactions among SPARCL1 expression, RT, and survival showed statistical significance (P=.024). In patients with metastases who received RT, strong SPARCL1 expression was related to better survival compared to weak expression (P=.041) but not in the non-RT group (P=.569).ConclusionsSPARCL1 expression increases with RT and is related to better prognosis in rectal cancer patients with RT but not in patients without RT. This result may help us to select the patients best suited for preoperative RT.
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| 55. |
- Kotti, Angeliki, et al.
(författare)
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Survival benefit of statins in older patients with rectal cancer : A Swedish population-based cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Geriatric Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1879-4068 .- 1879-4076. ; 10:5, s. 690-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesIncreasing evidence suggests that statins may have antitumor effects but their rolein rectal cancer appears inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate whether statins may have an impact on survival of older and younger patients with rectal cancer.Materials and MethodsThis study included 238 patients ≥70 years and 227 patients <70 years old, from the Southeast Health Care Region of Sweden, who were diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma between 2004 and 2013.ResultsIn the older group (n = 238), statin use at the time of diagnosis was related to better cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), compared to non-use (CSS: Hazard Ratio (HR), 0.37; 95% CI, 0.19–0.72; P = .003; OS: HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39–0.96; P = .032). In the older group with stages I-III disease (n = 199), statin use was associated with better disease-free survival (DFS) compared to non use (HR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.06–0.59; P = .005). The improvement of CSS, OS and DFS remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. In the older group with stage III disease, statin users had better CSS and DFS compared to non-users (log rank P = .043; log-rank P = .028, respectively). In the older group with short course radiotherapy, statin use was related to better CSS (log-rank P = .032). No such association was present in the younger group.ConclusionStatin use was related to improved survival in older patients with rectal cancer.This observation is important given the low cost and safety of statins as a drug.
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| 56. |
- Kriström, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Growth hormone (GH) dosing during catch-up growth guided by individual responsiveness decreases growth response variability in prepubertal children with GH deficiency or idiopathic short stature
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 94:2, s. 483-490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Weight-based GH dosing results in a wide variation in growth response in children with GH deficiency (GHD) or idiopathic short stature (ISS). OBJECTIVE: The hypothesis tested was whether individualized GH doses, based on variation in GH responsiveness estimated by a prediction model, reduced variability in growth response around a set height target compared with a standardized weight-based dose. SETTING: A total of 153 short prepubertal children diagnosed with isolated GHD or ISS (n = 43) and at least 1 SD score (SDS) below midparental height SDS (MPH(SDS)) were included in this 2-yr multicenter study. INTERVENTION: The children were randomized to either a standard (43 microg/kg.d) or individualized (17-100 microg/kg.d) GH dose. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: We measured the deviation of height(SDS) from individual MPH(SDS) (diffMPH(SDS)). The primary endpoint was the difference in the range of diffMPH(SDS) between the two groups. RESULTS: The diffMPH(SDS) range was reduced by 32% in the individualized-dose group relative to the standard-dose group (P < 0.003), whereas the mean diffMPH(SDS) was equal: -0.42 +/- 0.46 and -0.48 +/- 0.67, respectively. Gain in height(SDS) 0-2 yr was equal for the GH-deficient and ISS groups: 1.31 +/- 0.47 and 1.36 +/- 0.47, respectively, when ISS was classified on the basis of maximum GH peak on the arginine-insulin tolerance test or 24-h profile. CONCLUSION: Individualized GH doses during catch-up growth significantly reduce the proportion of unexpectedly good and poor responders around a predefined individual growth target and result in equal growth responses in children with GHD and ISS.
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| 57. |
- Källrot, Martina, 1978-
(författare)
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Covalent Vapor-Phase Grafting of Degradable Polymers
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gasfasympning är en del i den moderna strategin för optimering av den molekylära designen av biomaterial. Kovalent ytmodifiering med hydrofila vinylmonomerer och koppling med bioaktiva grupper används för att öka biokompatibiliteten och bioaktiviteten hos biomaterialen.. I den här avhandlingen presenteras en ny ickeförstörande, enstegsprocess för ytmodifiering av nedbrytbara polymerer. Tekniken är lösningsmedelsfri, utförs vid låga temperaturer och använder lågenergetisk strålning. Substrat exponeras för en gasfasatmosfär bestående av en blandning av fotoinitiator (bensofenon) och vinylmonomer i en försluten reaktor vid mycket lågt tryck och under UV-strålning. Fyra av de vanligaste nedbrytbara polymera biomaterialen, poly(L-laktid) (PLLA), poly(ε-kaprolakton) (PCL), poly(trimetylenkarbonat) (PTMC) och poly(L-laktid-co-glykolid) (PLGA) har funktionaliserats med N-vinylpyrrolidon (VP). PLLA har ytmodifierats med olika vinylmonomerer, VP, akrylamid (AAm), maleinsyraanhydrid (MAH) och akrylsyra (AA). Den kemiska ytsammansättningen ändrades efter ympningen, och vätbarheten, kvantifierad som statisk kontaktvinkel, ökade kraftigt. Cellodlingsförsök visade att VP-ympad PLLA, PTMC och PLGA är bra material för keratinocyt- och fibroblastceller att fästa vid och växa på. Komplexa strukturer, som t.ex. porösa material med genomgående porer av poly(ε-kaprolakton-co-L-laktid) och poly(1,5-dioxepan-2-one-co-L-laktid) för vävnadsregenerering och sub-mikrometer mönstrad PCL har ytmodifierats med gasfasympning. Yttopografin på dessa materials var välbevarad efter ympning vilket indikerar på att det ympade lagret är mycket tunt. Vätbarheten av de ympade substraten ökade efter ympningen, speciellt för de porösa strukturerna. Hyaluronsyra kopplades kovalent till ett antal porösa filmer för att demonstrera konceptet av att ytterligare öka biokompatibiliteten genom att koppla bioaktiva grupper på de ympade substraten. En metod för att simultant ytmodifiera nedbrytbara polymerer både kemiskt och topografiskt, maskad gasfasympning, har utvecklats. Analyserna visade sub-mikrometer mönstrade förändringar i den kemiska ytsammansättningen och en ökad vätbarhet. Gasfasympnings påverkan på nedbrytningshastigheten in vitro har också undersökts. PLLA filmer funktionaliserades med VP, AAm och AA och bröts därefter ned i buffrad salinlösning under varierande tider. Resultaten visade en ändring av nedbrytningshastigheten med avseende på mekaniska egenskaper och viktsminskning. Resultaten visade även att de ympade kedjorna fanns kvar på ytan efter 154 dagars nedbrytning, vilket verifierar att det ympade lagren var kovalent bundna till ytan.
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| 58. |
- Leek, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Pilocarpine treatment of xerostomia in head and neck patients
- 2002
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Ingår i: Micron. - 0968-4328. ; 33:2, s. 153-155
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the effect of pilocarpine hydrochloride, a parasympathicomimewtic agent, on major salivary gland output and subjective responses in 40 patients with salivary hypofunction. Pilocarpine increased salivary output or gave significant symptomatic relief in 21 of the 40 patients. The women fared better than the men. Side effects were uncommon, were generally mild, and caused no treatment interruption. These results indicate that pilocarpine is effective in relieving the signs and symptoms of postradiation xerostomia. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 59. |
- Lundgren, Maria, 1973-
(författare)
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Born Small for Gestational Age : Impact of Linear Catch-up Growth
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purposes of the thesis were to study associations between size at birth, short adult stature and risks of subnormal intellectual performance, high blood pressure, and overweight among males, and to study associations between size at birth, short adult stature and risk of overweight and giving birth to small for gestational age (SGA) infants among females.The effect of short adult stature on intellectual performance among males was analyzed in two population-based cohort studies. Data were obtained from the Swedish Birth Register which was individually linked to the Swedish Conscript Register. Being born SGA was associated with increased risks of subnormal intellectual performance in all four dimensions included in the test, and lack of catch-up growth leading to short adult stature further increased this risk. If anything, logical performance was found to be most affected.To estimate the risk of high blood pressure in males born SGA we used the Birth Register linked to the Conscript Register. Being born SGA was associated with a slightly increased risk of high systolic blood pressure, and being born light and ending up with short adult stature further increased this risk.Association between short adult stature and overweight was analyzed in both males and females born SGA, in two different studies. In the male cohort data from the Birth Register was linked to the Conscript Register. In females the Birth Register was used twice, when the females were born and when they gave birth to their first child. In both the male and female cohort, there was an increased risk of becoming overweight among those born SGA who also ended up with short adult stature.Finally, an intergeneration study was performed using the Birth Register to analyze associations between being born short for gestational age and giving birth to short infants. Catch-up growth to normal adult stature among women born short-for-gestational age was associated with reduced risk of giving birth to a short-for-gestational age infant.Conclusions. Among males born SGA, short adult stature is associated with increased risk of subnormal intellectual performance, high blood pressure and overweight compared to those with normal adult stature. Similarly, among females born SGA, there is an increased risk of becoming overweight in those with short adult stature, compared with those not short as adult. Females born short for gestational age, with short adult stature are at increased risk of giving birth to a short infant.
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| 60. |
- Mei, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma enterostatin: Identification and release in rats in response to a meal
- 2002
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Ingår i: Obesity Research. - 1071-7323. ; 10:7, s. 688-694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To discover a possible absorption and/or secretion of enterostatin into the circulating blood, as well as to compare the levels of circulating enterostatin after high-fat feeding and low-fat feeding. Research Methods and Procedures: Using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, plasma enterostatin levels were determined after feeding a high-fat, a high-fat/sucrose, or a low-fat meal to Sprague-Dawley rats deprived of food overnight. Results: The enterostatin levels were increased by all diets; the response to the high-fat and the high-fat/-sucrose meals was greater in magnitude and duration than that to the low-fat meal. In addition, enterostatin levels correlated with the intake of dietary fat. Plasma enterostatin levels after high-fat feeding were found to be similar to those after intravenous administration of exogenous enterostatin known to inhibit high-fat food intake. Gel chromatography of pooled postprandial plasma extracts followed by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that plasma enterostatin was identical to synthetic enterostatin. Affinity cross-linking of plasma proteins with I-125-enterostatin on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by autoradiography, revealed a single band with a molecular weight of about 66 kDa, indicating the presence of a potential enterostatin-binding protein in plasma. Discussion: The measurements of plasma enterostatin may be a sensitive indicator for the measurement of fat intake.
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