| 21. |
- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Spinal alignment, mobility of the hip and thoracic spine and prevalence of low back pain in young elite cross-country skiers.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. - Seoul : Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation. - 2288-176X .- 2288-1778. ; 12:1, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the association between spinal alignment, mobility of the hips and the thoracic spine and low back pain in adolescent cross-country skiers. Cohort of 51 elite cross-country skiers from a cross-country skiing high school in Sweden participated in the study. Sagittal spinal alignment, active range of motion in flexion, extension and rotation of the thoracic spine as well as passive and active extension of the hips were measured. The participants also completed a questionnaire regarding training, competition, skiing technique and occurrence of low back pain. A simple linear regression was calculated to predict pain score based on thoraco-lumbar relation, with a significant (P<0.05) regression equation of y=-0.069x+2.280 (standard error of estimate, 0.034). Participants with greater lordosis than kyphosis were more likely to suffer from low back pain than subjects without this offset. Thoracic mobility and passive or active hip extension showed no correlation with low back pain. Sagittal spinal alignment seems to be related with low back pain among young elite cross-country skiers. This study shows that range of motion of the thoracic spine and hips do not have an effect on the prevalence of low back pain in this population.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Alricsson, Marie
(författare)
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The elite cross-country skier : clinical and sports related functional tests, dance training, injuries and self-related health
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general aim of this thesis was to study cross-country skiers regarding the effect of dance training on joint mobility and muscle flexibility of the spine, hip and ankle and on speed and agility. Another aim was to perform test-retests of joint mobility and muscle flexibility of the hip and of sports related functional tests. A further aim was to compare high school students with age matched cross-country skiers concerning physical health, activity and location for possible symptoms/injuries. Finally, the aim was to study back pain regarding influence on skiing in high school cross-country skiers. Athletes aged 11 years (8 boys, 3 girls) completed four different test sessions for two sports related functional tests, emphasising speed and agility, the slalom-test and the hurdle-test. No significant differences were found between testing sessions for either the slalom-test (p=0.99) or the hurdle-test (p=0.96). Healthy athletic volunteers (5 males, 5 females) on average 30±16 years performed four joint motion and muscle flexibility tests at three times with one day intervals. The results using intra class correlation coefficients showed the following values 0.99 (knee flexion with hip extended), 0.88 (hip extension with knee extended), 0.93 (hip flexion with knee extended), and 0.53 (a combination of abduction and external rotation of the hip). Subsequently, three out of the four tests showed a good reliability. A group of young (aged 12-15 years) cross-country skiers (n=10) performed dance training during 8 months. Another aged matched group of cross-country skiers (n=10) served as a reference group. Before, during and after the intervention period joint mobility and muscle flexibility of the spine, hip and ankle as well as sports related functional tests were performed in all skiers from both groups. The results showed improvements in speed, agility and range of motion of the spine in most of the studied parameters. A group of elite cross-country skiers (aged 19±3.9 years) either performed additional preseason dance training for 3 months (n=16) or served as a reference group (n=10). Before and after the intervention period joint mobility and muscle flexibility of the spine, hip and ankle and sports related functional tests were performed in all skiers. Prior to dance training the intervention group showed a slight impairment of range of motion of the spine and the relationship between kyphosis of the thoracic and lordosis of the lumbar spine compared with the reference group. After dance training these parameters were improved and a tendency towards a positive effect on back pain was also found. Using a questionnaire cross-country skiers from ski high schools (n=120) were found to be considerably more physical active in as well other sports as skiing when compared with age matched ordinary high school students (n=993). In comparison with controls a higher number of ski high school students described themselves to be physically healthy. Half of the cross-country ski students complained of back problems, mainly low back pain, while skiing and above all during diagonal skiing.
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| 25. |
- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Young elite cross-country skiers and low back pain : A 5-year study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Therapy in Sport. - : Elsevier BV. - 1466-853X .- 1873-1600. ; 7:4, s. 181-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To evaluate possible changes in spinal curvature over a period of 5 years of an elite cross-country skiing squad, and to study whether there are any differences in this respect between individuals who report low back pain and those how do not. Participants Fifteen young cross-country skiers (M age=13.6±0.9) participated voluntarily throughout the entire study period. Main outcome measures Debrunner's kyphometer was used for measuring the difference between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis of the spine. All subjects also answered a questionnaire including questions about ski-related low back pain, the amount of ski training, and participation in other sports. Results The results at the end of the 5-year period comprise data from 15 skiers (M age=18.5±0.9 years). The relationship between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis increased from 3.5° to 13.1°, respectively (p=0.0001). Of the 15 elite cross-country skiers, seven reported low back pain at the 5-year examination. At the 5-year follow-up, skiers with low back pain showed significantly higher relationship between thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis than did those skiers without low back pain, 18.2° and 10.5°, respectively (p=0.035). Of the eight elite cross-country skiers without low back pain, seven were also involved in other sports (p=0.005). Conclusions Based on these findings, our advice is that adolescent cross-country skiers also should participate in other physical activities besides cross-country skiing.
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| 26. |
- Archer, Trevor, et al.
(författare)
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Physical exercise ameliorates deficits induced by traumatic brain injury
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 125:5, s. 293-302
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extent and depth of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major determining factor together with the type of structural insult and its location, whether mild, moderate or severe, as well as the distribution and magnitude of inflammation and loss of cerebrovascular integrity, and the eventual efficacy of intervention. The influence of exercise intervention in TBI is multiple, ranging from anti-apoptotic effects to the augmentation of neuroplasticity. Physical exercise diminishes cerebral inflammation by elevating factors and agents involved in immunomodulatory function, and buttresses glial cell, cerebrovascular, and blood-brain barrier intactness. It provides unique non-pharmacologic intervention that incorporate different physical activity regimes, whether dynamic or static, endurance or resistance. Physical training regimes ought necessarily to be adapted to the specific demands of diagnosis, type and degree of injury and prognosis for individuals who have suffered TBI. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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| 27. |
- Bele, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of returning to elite beach volleyball after shoulder injury
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. - : Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation. - 2288-176X .- 2288-1778. ; 11:4, s. 204-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to examine beach volleyball players' experience regarding shoulder injury and how it affects their return to play. To achieve the research aims a qualitative design with semi-structured interviews had been conducted, five elite beach volleyball players, four men and one woman aged 27-42 participated in the study. All participants had suffered a severe shoulder injury, with absence from training and competing for at least 28 days. The findings of this study indicate that it is the individual's inner motivation, together with a clear goal and support from the community, family, teammate and coach that are the most important factors when going through rehabilitation and getting back to playing beach volleyball after a shoulder injury. All participants had been affected by their injury in some way; some of the participants had been affected in a positive way since they had become mentally stronger and had developed better volleyball technique after rehabilitation. The conclusions of this study indicate that there are three distinct factors that increase the chances of getting back to playing beach volleyball after shoulder injury; it is the players' self motivation, together with a clear goal and support from the community.
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| 28. |
- Björklund, Glenn, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Using Bilateral Functional and Anthropometric Tests to Define Symmetry in Cross-Country Skiers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Human Kinetics. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1640-5544 .- 1899-7562. ; 60:1, s. 9-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the symmetry of anthropometry and muscle function in cross-country skiers and their association to vertical jumping power. Twenty cross-country skiers were recruited (21.7 +/- 3.8 yrs, 180.6 +/- 7.6 cm, 73.2 +/- 7.6 kg). Anthropometric data was obtained using an iDXA scan. VO2max was determined using the diagonal stride technique on a ski treadmill. Bilateral functional tests for the upper and lower body were the handgrip and standing heel-rise tests. Vertical jump height and power were assessed with a counter movement jump. Percent asymmetry was calculated using a symmetry index and four absolute symmetry index levels. At a group level the upper body was more asymmetrical with regard to lean muscle mass (p = 0.022, d = 0.17) and functional strength (p = 0.019, d = 0.51) than the lower body. At an individual level the expected frequencies for absolute symmetry level indexes showed the largest deviation from zero for the heel-rise test (chi 2 = 16.97, p = 0.001), while the leg lean mass deviated the least (chi 2 = 0.42, p = 0.517). No relationships were observed between absolute symmetry level indexes of the lower body and counter movement jump performance (p > 0.05). As a group the skiers display a more asymmetrical upper body than lower body regarding muscle mass and strength. Interestingly at the individual level, despite symmetrical lean leg muscle mass the heel-rise test showed the largest asymmetry. This finding indicates a mismatch in muscle function for the lower body.
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| 29. |
- Eckerman, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Muscle Injuries in Swedish Elite Male Football Players
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of sport rehabilitation. - : Human Kinetics. - 1056-6716 .- 1543-3072. ; 29:6, s. 783-788
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context:The physical and mental demands of an elite football player are complex, which may explain why injuries are commonin football. At elite level, muscle injuries of the lower-extremity are the most common among male football players, and theresearch hitherto is limited. Objective: To investigate whether personality traits affect the incidence of muscle injuries amongmale football players from the first league in Sweden. Design: Prospective cohort study. Participants: A male football team fromthe first league in Sweden was prospectively followed, in terms of muscle injuries of the lower-extremity during 8 seasons,between 2007 and 2015. Intervention: All muscle injuries included in this study were evaluated and diagnosed withultrasonography. Players from the team filled out the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality questionnaire. SwedishUniversities Scales of Personality questionnaire consists of 91 items and is divided into 13 categories. Main Outcome Measures:The raw values of each scale were linearly transformed to T scores, having a mean (SD) of 50 (10). All variables weresummarized with standard descriptive statistics, such as frequency, mean, and SD. As data were of interval scale and no variabledistribution was severely skewed, differences between noninjured players, rarely injured players, and frequently injured playerswere analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance with post hoc tests by Tukey honestly significant difference test. Results:No significant difference in personality traits were observed between noninjured players, rarely injured players, and frequentlyinjured players regarding number of muscle injuries (P > .05). However, a trend (P = .07) was seen, where frequently injuredplayers scored higher on stress susceptibility than rarely injured players. Conclusion: A player’s stress susceptibility should betaken into consideration by the player, coaches, and medical staff when assessing the risk of a muscle injury. Also, preventivemeasures available for these players may need to be considered.
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| 30. |
- Ekström, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of introducing Tabata interval training and stability exercises to school children as a school-based intervention program
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0334-0139 .- 2191-0278. ; 31:4, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Physical activities during leisure time as well as school hours have changed over the past few years, with adolescents being less physically active and adopting a sedentary lifestyle. Objective The overall objective of this mixed-methods study was to evaluate the feasibility of introducing a 4-min Tabata interval training into a lower secondary school context. A further aim was to evaluate the possible effects on: coordination, balance, and strength. Methods The study was conducted as an intervention study with a mixed-method approach. Forty-three children, aged 7-9 years, participated in the intervention group. Additionally, 13 children were recruited as a control group. The intervention itself was delivered by the teachers and was performed for 4-min every day in a classroom setting. All participants performed physical tests before and after the intervention period to evaluate the Tabata training. After the completion of the 6-week Tabata interval training, the four teachers were interviewed. Results The push-ups (p = 0.004), kneeling push-ups (p = 0.03), and standing long jump (p = 0.01) improved in the intervention group after 6 weeks. No differences were observed between the genders. The teachers experienced that it worked well to integrate the Tabata interval training in the classroom setting. Conclusion After 6 weeks, a school-based Tabata intervention program improved physical performance. The teachers saw no obstacles in including the Tabata intervention program in a classroom setting and pointed out several positive aspects such as an increased energy level and development in the children's movement patterns.
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