| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Uimonen, Mikko, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome After Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection With or Without Primary Tear Resection
- 2022
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Ingår i: Annals of Thoracic Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0003-4975 .- 1552-6259. ; 114:2, s. 492-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The outcome in patients after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection without replacement of the part of the aorta containing the primary tear is undefined.METHODS: Data of 1122 patients who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection in 8 Nordic centers from January 2005 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with primary tear location unfound, un-known, not confirmed, or not recorded (n = 243, 21.7%) were excluded from the analysis. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether the aortic reconstruction encompassed the portion of the primary tear (tear resected [TR] group, n = 730) or not (tear not resected [TNR] group, n = 149). The restricted mean survival time ratios adjusted for patient characteristics and surgical details between the groups were calculated for all-cause mortality and aortic reoperation-free survival. The median follow-up time was 2.57 (interquartile range, 0.53-5.30) years.RESULTS: For the majority of the patients in the TR group, the primary tear was located in the ascending aorta (83.6%). The reconstruction encompassed both the aortic root and the aortic arch in 7.4% in the TR group as compared with 0.7% in the TNR patients (P < .001). There were no significant differences in all-cause mortality (adjusted restricted mean survival time ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-1.12; P = .799) or reoperation-free survival (adjusted restricted mean survival time ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.95-1.02; P = .436) between the TR and TNR groups.CONCLUSIONS: Primary tear resection alone does not determine the midterm outcome after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection. (Ann Thorac Surg 2022;114:492-501) (c) 2022 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
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| 23. |
- Zindovic, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Malperfusion in acute type A aortic dissection : An update from the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 0022-5223 .- 1097-685X. ; 157:4, s. 1324-1333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate the effect of preoperative malperfusion on 30-day and late mortality and postoperative complications using data from the Nordic Consortium for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (ATAAD) registry.Methods: We studied 1159 patients who underwent ATAAD surgery between January 2005 and December 2014 at 8 Nordic centers. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of 30-day and late mortality.Results: Preoperative malperfusion was identified in 381 of 1159 patients (33%) who underwent ATAAD surgery. Thirty-day mortality was 28.9% in patients with preoperative malperfusion and 12.1% in those without. Independent predictors of 30-day mortality included any malperfusion (odds ratio, 2.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94-3.93), cardiac malperfusion (odds ratio, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.34-4.17), renal malperfusion (odds ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.23-4.61) and peripheral malperfusion (odds ratio, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.26-3.01). Any malperfusion (hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.21-2.43), cardiac malperfusion (hazard ratio, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.24-2.87) and gastrointestinal malperfusion (hazard ratio, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.18-4.26) were predictors of late mortality. Malperfusion was associated with significantly poorer survival at 1, 3, and 5 years (95.0% +/-0.9% vs 88.7% +/-1.9%, 90.1% +/-1.3% vs 84.0% +/-2.4%, and 85.4% +/-1.7% vs 80.8% +/-2.7%; log rank P = .009).Conclusions: Malperfusion has a significant influence on early and late outcomes in ATAAD surgery. Management of preoperative malperfusion remains a major challenge in reducing mortality associated with surgical treatment of ATAAD.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Adams, Emma Catherine, et al.
(författare)
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The structure-function relationship for alumina supported platinum during the formation of ammonia from nitrogen oxide and hydrogen in the presence of oxygen
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 18:16, s. 10850-10855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the structure-function relationship of alumina supported platinum during the formation of ammonia from nitrogen oxide and dihydrogen by employing in situ X-ray absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Particular focus has been directed towards the effect of oxygen on the reaction as a model system for emerging technologies for passive selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. The suppressed formation of ammonia observed as the feed becomes net-oxidizing is accompanied by a considerable increase in the oxidation state of platinum as well as the formation of surface nitrates and the loss of NH-containing surface species. In the presence of (excess) oxygen, the ammonia formation is proposed to be limited by weak interaction between nitrogen oxide and the oxidized platinum surface. This leads to a slow dissociation rate of nitrogen oxide and thus low abundance of the atomic nitrogen surface species that can react with the adsorbed hydrogen species. In this case the consumption of hydrogen through the competing water formation reaction and decomposition/oxidation of ammonia are of less importance for the net ammonia formation.
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| 26. |
- Adams, Emma, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Structure-function relationship for alumina supported platinum during formation of ammonia from nitrogen oxide and hydrogen in presence of oxygen
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - 1463-9084 .- 1463-9076. ; 18:16, s. 10850-10855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the structure-function relationship of alumina supported platinum during forma- tion of ammonia from nitrogen oxide and dihydrogen by employing in situ X-ray absorption and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Particular focus is directed towards the effect of increased levels of oxygen on the reaction as a model system for emerging technologies for passive selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. The suppressed formation of ammo- nia observed as the feed becomes net-oxidizing is accompanied by a considerable increase in the oxidation state of platinum as well as enhanced formation of surface nitrates and loss of NH-containing surface species. In the presence of (excess) oxygen, the ammonia formation is proposed to be limited by the weak interaction between nitrogen oxide and the oxidized platinum surface. This leads to slow dissociation rate of nitrogen oxide and thus low abun- dance of atomic nitrogen surface species that can react with adsorbed hydrogen atoms. In this case the consumption of hydrogen through the competing water formation reaction and decomposition/oxidation of ammonia are of less importance for the net ammonia formation.
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| 27. |
- Akerstrom, Finn, et al.
(författare)
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Association between catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and mortality or stroke
- 2024
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 110, s. 163-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation effectively reduces symptomatic burden. However, its long-term effect on mortality and stroke is unclear. We investigated if patients with atrial fibrillation who undergo catheter ablation have lower risk for all-cause mortality or stroke than patients who are managed medically. Methods We retrospectively included 5628 consecutive patients who underwent first-time catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation between 2008 and 2018 at three major Swedish electrophysiology units. Control individuals with an atrial fibrillation diagnosis but without previous stroke were selected from the Swedish National Patient Register, resulting in a control group of 48 676 patients. Propensity score matching was performed to produce two cohorts of equal size (n=3955) with similar baseline characteristics. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality or stroke. Results Patients who underwent catheter ablation were healthier (mean CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score 1.4 +/- 1.4 vs 1.6 +/- 1.5, p<0.001), had a higher median income (288 vs 212 1000 Swedish krona [KSEK]/year, p<0.001) and had more frequently received university education (45.1% vs 28.9%, p<0.001). Mean follow-up was 4.5 +/- 2.8 years. After propensity score matching, catheter ablation was associated with lower risk for the combined primary endpoint (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.69). The result was mainly driven by a decrease in all-cause mortality (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.63), with stroke reduction showing a trend in favour of catheter ablation (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.07). Conclusions Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation was associated with a reduction in the primary endpoint of all-cause mortality or stroke. This result was driven by a marked reduction in all-cause mortality.
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| 28. |
- Berger, Karoline, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Interleukin-6 Induces Stem Cell Propagation through Liaison with the Sortilin-Progranulin Axis in Breast Cancer.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancers. - 2072-6694. ; 15:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unraveling the complex network between cancer cells and their tumor microenvironment is of clinical importance, as it might allow for the identification of new targets for cancer treatment. Cytokines and growth factors secreted by various cell types present in the tumor microenvironment have the potential to affect the challenging subpopulation of cancer stem cells showing treatment-resistant properties as well as aggressive features. By using various model systems, we investigated how the breast cancer stem cell-initiating growth factor progranulin influenced the secretion of cancer-associated proteins. In monolayer cultures, progranulin induced secretion of several inflammatory-related cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and -8, in a sortilin-dependent manner. Further, IL-6 increased the cancer stem fraction similarly to progranulin in the breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 monitored by the surrogate mammosphere-forming assay. In a cohort of 63 patient-derived scaffold cultures cultured with breast cancer cells, we observed significant correlations between IL-6 and progranulin secretion, clearly validating the association between IL-6 and progranulin also in human-based microenvironments. In conclusion, the interplay between progranulin and IL-6 highlights a dual breast cancer stem cell-promoting function via sortilin, further supporting sortilin as a highly relevant therapeutic target for aggressive breast cancer.
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| 29. |
- Björnerås, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Inland blue holes of The Bahamas - chemistry and biology in a unique aquatic environment
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fundamental and Applied Limnology. - : Schweizerbart science publishers. - 1863-9135. ; 194:2, s. 95-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While lake systems in temperate regions have been extensively studied, tropical and subtropical systems have received less attention. Here, we describe the water chemistry and biota of ten inland blue holes on Andros Island, The Bahamas, representative of the morphological, abiotic, and biotic variation among Androsian inland blue holes. The majority of the studied blue holes were vertically stratified with oxic freshwater overlying anoxic saline groundwater of marine origin. Water chemistry (e.g. total phosphorus and nitrogen) in shallow waters was similar among blue holes, while turbidity and water color varied. Presence of hydrogen sulfide and reduced iron in and below the halocline indicate reducing conditions in all stratified blue holes. The biota above the halocline was also similar among blue holes with a few taxa dominating the phytoplankton community, and the zooplankton community consisting of copepods and rotifers. The Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia hubbsi) was present in all investigated blue holes, often accompanied by other small planktivorous fish, while the piscivorous bigmouth sleeper (Gobiomorus donnitor) was only present in some of the blue holes. Our field study reinforces that inland blue holes are highly interesting for biogeochemical research, and provide naturally replicated systems for evolutionary studies.
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| 30. |
- Bovinder Ylitalo, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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A novel DNA methylation signature is associated with androgen receptor activity and patient prognosis in bone metastatic prostate cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Epigenetics. - : BioMed Central. - 1868-7083 .- 1868-7075. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PC) are treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) that initially reduces metastasis growth, but after some time lethal castration-resistant PC (CRPC) develops. A better understanding of the tumor biology in bone metastases is needed to guide further treatment developments. Subgroups of PC bone metastases based on transcriptome profiling have been previously identified by our research team, and specifically, heterogeneities related to androgen receptor (AR) activity have been described. Epigenetic alterations during PC progression remain elusive and this study aims to explore promoter gene methylation signatures in relation to gene expression and tumor AR activity.Materials and methods: Genome-wide promoter-associated CpG methylation signatures of a total of 94 tumor samples, including paired non-malignant and malignant primary tumor areas originating from radical prostatectomy samples (n = 12), and bone metastasis samples of separate patients with hormone-naive (n = 14), short-term castrated (n = 4) or CRPC (n = 52) disease were analyzed using the Infinium Methylation EPIC arrays, along with gene expression analysis by Illumina Bead Chip arrays (n = 90). AR activity was defined from expression levels of genes associated with canonical AR activity.Results: Integrated epigenome and transcriptome analysis identified pronounced hypermethylation in malignant compared to non-malignant areas of localized prostate tumors. Metastases showed an overall hypomethylation in relation to primary PC, including CpGs in the AR promoter accompanied with induction of AR mRNA levels. We identified a Methylation Classifier for Androgen receptor activity (MCA) signature, which separated metastases into two clusters (MCA positive/negative) related to tumor characteristics and patient prognosis. The MCA positive metastases showed low methylation levels of genes associated with canonical AR signaling and patients had a more favorable prognosis after ADT. In contrast, MCA negative patients had low AR activity associated with hypermethylation of AR-associated genes, and a worse prognosis after ADT.Conclusions: A promoter methylation signature classifies PC bone metastases into two groups and predicts tumor AR activity and patient prognosis after ADT. The explanation for the methylation diversities observed during PC progression and their biological and clinical relevance need further exploration.
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