| 501. |
- Ringnér, Anders, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A moment just for me : Parents’ experiences of an intervention for person-centred information in paediatric oncology
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Information can help parents of children with cancer by reducing uncertainty and giving them a sense of control in a chaotic situation. Although providing information to parents is a core activity of paediatric oncology nursing, few studies focus on interventions for informing parents. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate parents’ experiences after participating in a person-centred information intervention for parents of children with cancer.Method: This study is part of a process evaluation of a person-centred informational intervention in paediatric oncology for patients’ parents. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with 13 parents who had taken part in the intervention were analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results: An opening for healing emerged as the overarching theme, consisting of three categories. Gaining a deeper understanding of the entire situation describes how parents benefitted from processing current topics and moving forward by learning. Caring reflections in a safe space describes how parents appreciated having a moment just for themselves and feeling better by venting their feelings. Meeting a competent and compassionate nurse describes how parents experienced trust and being listened to.Conclusion: Having individual information meetings integrated as a primary nursing responsibility, mediated by competent and compassionate nurses also responsible for the care of the child, could enhance person-centred care and individualise parental education.
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| 502. |
- Rolandsson Enes, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative proteomic characterization of lung-MSC and bone marrow-MSC using DIA-mass spectrometry
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are ideal candidates for cell therapies, due to their immune-regulatory and regenerative properties. We have previously reported that lung-derived MSC are tissue-resident cells with lung-specific properties compared to bone marrow-derived MSC. Assessing relevant molecular differences between lung-MSC and bone marrow-MSC is important, given that such differences may impact their behavior and potential therapeutic use. Here, we present an in-depth mass spectrometry (MS) based strategy to investigate the proteomes of lung-MSC and bone marrow-MSC. The MS-strategy relies on label free quantitative data-independent acquisition (DIA) analysis and targeted data analysis using a MSC specific spectral library. We identified several significantly differentially expressed proteins between lung-MSC and bone marrow-MSC within the cell layer (352 proteins) and in the conditioned medium (49 proteins). Bioinformatics analysis revealed differences in regulation of cell proliferation, which was functionally confirmed by decreasing proliferation rate through Cytochrome P450 stimulation. Our study reveals important differences within proteome and matrisome profiles between lung- and bone marrow-derived MSC that may influence their behavior and affect the clinical outcome when used for cell-therapy.
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| 503. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Child witnesses and social influence: The effects of source of misinformation
- 2008
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Ingår i: The 5th meeting of the NNPL, Copenhagen (Denmark).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and Aim What a witness recalls and reports can be affected by information received from other people (social influence). The present study aimed to investigate whether children were differently affected by social influence when delivered by an adult or a peer. A further aim was to examine whether children could be influenced to report unseen details (commission errors) as well as to refrain from reporting seen details (omission errors). Method Children (N = 176, 11-12 years) individually participated in a staged event, and two weeks later they were interviewed about their memory of the event. Before the interview, two thirds of the children watched a video-recorded interview with another witness (either an adult or a child). The witness in the video presented one of two types of misinformation (social influence), suggesting either (a) that a detail present during the event was actually not present (possibly leading to omission errors), or (b) that a non-present detail was actually present during the event (possibly leading to commission errors). The remaining children did not watch a video (control group). Results The results showed that children who had watched the video gave more incorrect memory reports than children in the control group. We also found that the children were more sensitive to social influence when it was delivered by a peer, than when delivered by an adult. The two types of influence (omission and commission) were found to be similarly powerful. Conclusions The study shows that social influence can result in both commission errors and omission errors, and that children are sensitive to what a peer child reports. Both the theoretical and applied contributions will be discussed.
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| 504. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Children’s episodic memory: The effect of odour exposure during encoding and retrieval
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nordic Network for Research on Psychology and Law (NNPL), 2013-10-26, Århus, Dk.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction and aim. To help child witnesses recall relevant and detailed information, one may use sensory memory cues (e.g., as in the Cognitive Interview). However, in police interviews visual and auditory cues are often dominant, while potential cues from odour and taste are often ignored. To explore the efficacy of using odour as a memory cue, we set out to examine how odour interacts with memory. Methods. Children (N = 141, age 9-11) participated in a magic show where they either experienced, or did not experience, a vanilla odour. One week or six months later, they were interviewed about their memory of the magic show. During the interview they either experienced, or did not experience, the same vanilla odour. Results. Preliminary analyses showed that children who had been exposed to the odour during the magic show recalled less information, and with lower accuracy, compared to children who had not been exposed. There was no effect on memory of odour (re-)exposure during the interview. However, children who had been exposed to the odour during the interview rated their memory as being less emotional compared to children who had not been exposed. Conclusions. The preliminary results indicate that re-exposing children to an odour may not be useful in order to enhance memory. Moreover, a prominent odour during an event seems to impair memory performance. Exposing children to an odour during the interview may lead to their subjective emotionality being reduced, which is important as statements expressed with less emotion are often considered less reliable.
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| 505. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Children’s memory and social influence:Mapping the relation between omission and commission errors
- 2007
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 4th annual meeting of the Nordic Network for research on Psychology and Law, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2007.10.06..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and Aim Research has shown that social influence can create false memories. To a large extent this research has focused on how and when false memories can be planted (commission errors). There has been much less focus on the extent to which true memories can be ‘erased’ (omission errors) as a result of social influence. This is noteworthy since both commission and omission errors are of crucial importance in forensic settings. Hence, in the present study we used a design which allowed us to examine the relation between the two types of errors with respect to children’ memories of a real-life event. Method 174 children (7 or 12 years old) individually participated in a staged event (an interaction with a stranger outside his car), and two weeks later they were interviewed about their memory of the event. Before the interview, the children where subjected to misinformation (social influence) with respect to the event. Results The results showed that the children were more sensitive to social influence that aimed at planting ‘new’ information, than social influence that aimed at erasing ‘old’ information. Hence, with respect to the critical information studied, the children committed many more commission errors than omission errors. We also found that the children committed more commission errors with respect to peripheral details, compared to central details. The younger (7 yrs) and the older (12 yrs) children were equally sensitive to the social influence introduced. Conclusions Our study show an asymmetric memory effect due to social influence; much more commission errors than omission errors. Both the theoretical and applied contributions will be discussed.
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| 506. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Children’s truthful and deceptive testimonies: Effects of increasing the cognitive load
- 2009
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Ingår i: The 6th meeting of the NNPL, Tallinn (Estonia) October 9-10, 2009..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ‘imposing cognitive load’ approach to deception detection, developed by Aldert Vrij and colleagues (2006), suggests that lying is a more cognitively demanding task than telling the truth. It also proposes that by introducing cognitively demanding interventions during an interview the cognitive load will be enlarged and the differences between liars and truth-tellers will be even more pronounced. This experimental study explores this cognitive approach by investigating how children’s ability to provide truthful and deceptive testimonies is affected by an increased cognitive load. Forty-two children (12-13 year olds) were interviewed about two events; one self-experienced (truthful) and one made-up (deceptive) event. Half were interviewed about the events in a regular interview setting. The other half played a game designed to increase cognitive load while being interviewed. Preliminary results, in the ongoing data collection, show that the children in the cognitive load condition performed better–they gave a fuller account in the free recall phase and answered more questions–than did the children in the regular condition. Moreover, the children performed better when interviewed about the second event than when interviewed about the first event. However, our preliminary analyses do not show any difference between the children’s deceptive and truthful accounts. Thus, the study does not show support for the ‘imposing cognitive load’ approach. The theoretical implications and practical applications will be discussed.
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| 507. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Co-Witness Influence on Children's Memory Reports: The Difference is in the Details
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Social Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9029. ; 42:2, s. 320-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined the effect of social influence on children’s witness reports, with respect to a number of details varying in centrality. Children (N = 115; age = 10 years, 4 months to 13 years, 8 months) were interviewed about a personally experienced event. Half of the children were interviewed together with a confederate who answered the interview questions before the child did, while the other half were interviewed alone. Children were influenced by the confederate’s answers to withhold some critical details observed (omission errors), but not to add details not observed (commission errors). When the children were asked to follow up on their reports, truthful reports contained more information than did false reports.
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| 508. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Eliciting cues to children’s deception by using an unanticipated drawing task
- 2011
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Ingår i: SARMAC, New York, 27-29 juni 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined whether a drawing task would be useful in eliciting cues to children’s deception. In groups of three, children (age 12-14) encountered a stranger (26 groups) or imagined an encounter (25 groups). They were thereafter interviewed individually. The interview consisted of a question phase and a drawing task. Later, adult participants (N = 204) judged the level of agreement between statements within each group. Differences between liars and truth tellers were more easily identified for the unanticipated drawing task. Thus using unanticipated tasks, like a drawing, can be a successful lie detection tool.
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| 509. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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"Mapping" deception in adolescents: Eliciting cues to deceit through an unanticipated spatial drawing task
- 2014
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Ingår i: Legal and Criminological Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1355-3259 .- 2044-8333. ; 19:1, s. 179-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose In this experiment we examined whether an unanticipated spatial task could increase the differences between lying and truth telling groups of adolescents. In addition, we explored whether there are some elements of such a spatial task that elicit more diagnostic cues to deception than others. Methods In groups of three, adolescents (N = 150, aged 13–14) either experienced (‘truth tellers’) or imagined (‘liars’) an event. In subsequent individual interviews, the adolescents were asked to provide both a general verbal description of the event (the anticipated task), and a spatial description by making marks on a sketch (the unanticipated task). Next, adults (N = 200) rated the degree of consistency between either the general descriptions or the spatial descriptions from the adolescents in each triad. Results The differences between liars and truth tellers were larger for the spatial markings (the unanticipated task) than for the general verbal descriptions (the anticipated task). Importantly, as predicted, the difference between lying and truth-telling triads was most manifest for markings of salient (vs. non-salient) aspects of the event. Conclusions The results suggests that (a) using spatial tasks may be a useful tool for detecting deception in adolescents, but that (b) the assessment of credibility should only draw on the salient aspects of the unanticipated spatial task.
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| 510. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of odour reinstatement on children's episodic memory
- 2015
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Ingår i: Psychology, Crime and Law. - 1068-316X .- 1477-2744. ; 21:5, s. 471-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children's memory reports are often sparse, which increases the need for efficient interview methods. The present study investigated whether odour reinstatement can aid children's memory and increase the amount of information recalled from an experienced event. Children (N = 106, mean age 10 years, 8 months) experienced a magic show where a vanilla odour was present and were interviewed about their memory of the event either one week, or six months, after the magic show. During the interview, half of the children re-experienced the same vanilla odour. In contrast to studies on adult participants, no odour-reinstatement effect was found with the child participants in the present study. On the other hand, odour reinstatement reduced the children's ratings of how strong their emotions were during the event. Thus, odour reinstatement may affect different forensically relevant factors, and this should be considered in future research.
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