| 91. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Local and global market formation : the shaping of the Swedish biogas sector
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies of sustainability transitions have used the technological innovation systems approach to study market introduction of renewable new energy technologies (Negro, Hekkert et al. 2007, Alkemade and Suurs 2012, Negro, Alkemade et al. 2012, Jacobsson and Karltorp 2013, Bento and Fontes 2015, Tigabu, Berkhout et al. 2015). These studies have shown that during these early stages, the new technologies and markets tend to be relatively crude. Moreover, established infrastructure, industry structures and institutional practices are often inadequate for the new technologies. This means that the new technology alternatives are rarely competitive on regular markets, which are dominated by existing technologies. Therefore, policy makers are advised to facilitate the formation of protective spaces – niches – which allow for the new technologies to enter the market (Kemp, Schot et al. 1998, Caniëls and Romijn 2008, Smith and Raven 2012). Gathering relevant stakeholders in the formation of networks, such protective spaces will nurture experimentation activities and assist the development and diffusion of knowledge. Moreover these protective spaces will empower proponents of the new technology, helping them to attract resources and build legitimacy for the new technology.While sustainability transitions literature have investigated the early stages of market introduction of renewable new energy technologies thoroughly, the critical step from having an established position in a protected niche to facilitating a broader diffusion to an actual market has received less attention in transition studies. According to Suurs and Hekkert (2009), this step would imply different kinds of innovation system dynamics, in which market formation would be an essential process and Jacobsson (2008) plead for a different set of policy instruments to support such broader market diffusion. Still the market formation processes for renewable new energy technologies are not well understood in sustainability transitions literature.Such formation processes are however well analyzed within the business to business marketing field. Araujo (2007) states that the creation of new markets can be achieved by various activities from different actors. Such market-shaping activities stretch from traditional firm level activities such as sales to activities that involve the entire markets institution e.g. changing the rules of the market (Kjellberg & Helgesson, 2007; Mele, Pels & Storbacka, 2015). In the center of a new market is the market offer. The process of qualifying the product involves different actors’ attempts to qualify desirable attributes and characteristics related to the offer (Callon et al. 2002). This process is especially important in shaping new markets since the market offer in itself is not fixed but rather something in the making. In the center of our study is the overall research question: What actors are involved in shaping the Swedish biogas market and what qualifications does these actors attribute to the product?
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| 92. |
- Ottosson, Mikael, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Shaping sustainable markets : A conceptual framework illustrated by the case of biogas in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. - : Elsevier. - 2210-4224 .- 2210-4232. ; 36, s. 303-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By merging findings from transition studies with recent literature on market-shaping, this paper outlines a conceptual framework that describes the shaping of sustainable markets. The framework comprises three critical processes: enabling exchange practices, proving the system and constructing the narrative. Individually, these processes generate different kinds of value – traded, demonstrated and expected value – and the value output from each process serves as input to the other two processes. Hence the value streams link the processes together. We illustrate the framework by analyzing market-shaping processes for biogas in Sweden. The case analysis shows how public and private actors have engaged in a multitude of activities that have built up the market-shaping processes. The analysis highlights the recursive nature of sustainable market-shaping, showing how key actors must repeatedly respond to tensions resulting from growth and aspirations of growth.
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| 93. |
- Panagaki, Dimitra, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 118:30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear envelope budding (NEB) is a recently discovered alternative pathway for nucleocytoplasmic communication distinct from the movement of material through the nuclear pore complex. Through quantitative electron microscopy and tomography, we demonstrate how NEB is evolutionarily conserved from early protists to human cells. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, NEB events occur with higher frequency during heat shock, upon exposure to arsenite or hydrogen peroxide, and when the proteasome is inhibited. Yeast cells treated with azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, a proline analog that induces protein misfolding, display the most dramatic increase in NEB, suggesting a causal link to protein quality control. This link was further supported by both localization of ubiquitin and Hsp104 to protein aggregates and NEB events, and the evolution of these structures during heat shock. We hypothesize that NEB is part of normal cellular physiology in a vast range of species and that in S. cerevisiae NEB comprises a stress response aiding the transport of protein aggregates across the nuclear envelope.
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| 94. |
- Petrignani, Annemieke, et al.
(författare)
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Dissociative recombination of the weakly bound NO-dimer cation: cross sections and three-body dynamics.
- 2005
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Ingår i: The Journal of chemical physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 123:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dissociative recombination (DR) of the dimer ion (NO)(2) (+) has been studied at the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING at the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm. The experiments were aimed at determining details on the strongly enhanced thermal rate coefficient for the dimer, interpreting the dissociation dynamics of the dimer ion, and studying the degree of similarity to the behavior in the monomer. The DR rate reveals that the very large efficiency of the dimer rate with respect to the monomer is limited to electron energies below 0.2 eV. The fragmentation products reveal that the breakup into the three-body channel NO+O+N dominates with a probability of 0.69+/-0.02. The second most important channel yields NO+NO fragments with a probability of 0.23+/-0.03. Furthermore, the dominant three-body breakup yields electronic and vibrational ground-state products, NO(upsilon=0)+N((4)S)+O((3)P), in about 45% of the cases. The internal product-state distribution of the NO fragment shows a similarity with the product-state distribution as predicted by the Franck-Condon overlap between a NO moiety of the dimer ion and a free NO. The dissociation dynamics seem to be independent of the NO internal energy. Finally, the dissociation dynamics reveal a correlation between the kinetic energy of the NO fragment and the degree of conservation of linear momentum between the O and N product atoms. The observations support a mechanism in which the recoil takes place along one of the NO bonds in the dimer.
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| 95. |
- Pettersson, Jan B. C., 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Dissociative recombination and excitation of D-5(+) by collisions with low-energy electrons
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular Physics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0026-8976 .- 1362-3028. ; 113:15-16, s. 2099-2104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report results from high-resolution studies of D-5(+) cluster ion collisions with low-energy electrons performed in a heavy ion storage ring. Absolute dissociative recombination (DR) and dissociative excitation (DE) cross sections were determined for the energy range from 0.0005 to 20eV. The DR cross sections were exceedingly large at low energies, and DR resulted in efficient internal energy redistribution and pronounced fragmentation with two main product channels: D-2+3D (0.62 +/- 0.03) and 2D(2)+D (0.35 +/- 0.01). The DR and DE cross sections were comparable in the energy range from 0.2 to 20eV, which suggest that the two processes follow similar dynamics and are competing outcomes of the ion-electron interaction. A simple picture of the recombination process of D-5(+) which captures the essential physics is suggested. RAHAMSSON K, 1993, NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
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| 96. |
- Pistone, Isabella, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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We Need to Talk about Knowledge! Rethinking Management and Evidence-Based Practice in Welfare
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - : University of Gothenburg School of Public Administration. - 2001-7405 .- 2001-7413 .- 2000-8058. ; 27:3, s. 37-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New Public Management (NPM) and Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) are two fundamental concepts within welfare professions. Both NPM and EBP are central to many debates within welfare, and often criticised as posing simplified or positivist approaches to management and knowledge utilization. Epistemologically, both are manifestations of modernity, with its emphases on standardization, control, simple causality and measurability. These epistemological similarities have not been explored as potential doorways for making modifications to NPM and EBP. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to new ways of thinking and doing management and EBP of complex welfare issues by increasing the epistemological understanding of these concepts. NPM and EBP are taken here as subjects for joint conceptual analysis. The paper is guided by the following question: What is an appropriate epistemology for professionals involved in EBP and managing? Literature on NPM and EBP are analyzed together with theoretical insights from scholarship on formalization and heterogeneity of expertise, and analyzed in light of empirical examples taken from a case of a subregional social sustainability/public health initiative. Drawing on the development of post-NPM and more complex versions of EBP, the paper ends by introducing the notion post-EBP, and concludes by outlining some implications of this concept for the working professions.
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| 97. |
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| 98. |
- Sarille Cadenas, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Project APTAS - Development of a 1U CubeSat payload for independent calibration and testing of EISCAT3D
- 2022
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Ingår i: IAC 2022 Congress Proceedings, 73<sup>rd</sup> International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Paris, France. - : International Astronautical Federation.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are many interesting aspects of Earth’s upper atmosphere and near space environment to study. The 3D radar developed and built by EISCAT (EISCAT3D) will expand these possibilities and become a powerful tool to study these phenomena.Industry collaboration between universities and start-ups or traditional companies can provide opportunities to mitigate this challenge, and often spark new technologies or innovative ways to utilize current technologies for new ventures. Therefore, Luleå University of Technology’s first CubeSat (APTAS) has been working in co-operation with EISCAT to develop a payload to perform independent, redundancy testing for the radar system.The payload will provide the ability to perform an independent form of testing for EISCAT3D. To achieve this, APTAS’ very high frequency antenna will send a predefined signal to the instrument. The received signal will be compared to its predicted value, allowing studies of how the instrument performs. Since normal satellite function uses the ultra-high frequency band, the operation of the payload will not interfere with other satellite activities.Due to the fact that APTAS’ main scientific objective is Earth observation, a significant portion of the 1U satellite was allocated to camera optics. Because of this, a traditional board did not fit, since the optics dominate most of the satellite’s internal space. The solution was to adapt the payload board to fit around the camera lens, which was made possible by an in-house, custom fitted design based on APTAS’ unique geometrical restraints.This paper will discuss in detail the development and manufacturing of this payload and more broadly how development of small-sat payloads can be designed, built, and managed by student organisations. In addition, the paper will cover the challenges attributed to the development of a student-led CubeSat and corresponding recommendations for possible improvements. Finally, the importance of proper and thorough documentation within a project involving a high rate of member rotation and quick development will be further highlighted.
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| 99. |
- Schmerl, Bradley, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in composing and decomposing assurances for self-adaptive systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems III. Assurances.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319741826 - 9783319741833 ; , s. 64-89
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-adaptive software systems adapt to changes in the environment, in the system itself, in their requirements, or in their business objectives. Typically, these systems attempt to maintain system goals at run time and often provide assurance that they will meet their goals under dynamic and uncertain circumstances. While significant research has focused on ways to engineer self-adaptive capabilities into both new and legacy software systems, less work has been conducted on how to assure that self-adaptation maintains system goals. For traditional, especially safety-critical software systems, assurance techniques decompose assurances into sub-goals and evidence that can be provided by parts of the system. Existing approaches also exist for composing assurances, in terms of composing multiple goals and composing assurances in systems of systems. While some of these techniques may be applied to self-adaptive systems, we argue that several significant challenges remain in applying them to self-adaptive systems in this chapter. We discuss how existing assurance techniques can be applied to composing and decomposing assurances for self-adaptive systems, highlight the challenges in applying them, summarize existing research to address some of these challenges, and identify gaps and opportunities to be addressed by future research. © Springer International Publishing AG 2017.
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| 100. |
- Sirris, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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Collegiality as institutional work : Collegial meeting practices among Norwegian pastors
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Professions and Organization. - : Oxford University Press. - 2051-8803 .- 2051-8811. ; 10:3, s. 243-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collegiality is considered a hallmark of professionalism and involves specialization, equality, and leadership based on profession. Traditionally, within a profession, collegiality is treated as given and dealt with intra-professionally. This article, in contrast, studies collegiality as institutional work within the organizational context. We analyse how professionals and managers in a highly professionalized and institutionalized organization perform collegiality as institutional work. Interview and observational data shed light on collegiality in the practices of pastors in the Church of Norway. The findings highlight collegiality as a cultural ideal and a process of work beyond a mere governance structure. Collegial meetings constitute structural work that signals the intersection of conceptual work (theology) and operational work (daily challenges), facilitated by relational work. This article shows how collegiality constitutes institutional work that not only maintains the pastor profession as an institution but also gradually adapts it in response to external demands and strengthened management.
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