| 51. |
|
|
| 52. |
|
|
| 53. |
|
|
| 54. |
|
|
| 55. |
|
|
| 56. |
|
|
| 57. |
|
|
| 58. |
|
|
| 59. |
- Stridh, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
-
Placebo Responses Among Men With Erectile Dysfunction Enrolled in Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitor Trials : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2020
-
Ingår i: JAMA Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 3:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Placebo responses in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) are poorly described in the literature to date.Objective To quantify the association of placebo with ED outcomes among men enrolled in placebo-controlled, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) trials.Data Sources For this systematic review and meta-analysis, a database search was conducted to identify double-blind, placebo-controlled studies using PDE5Is for the treatment of ED published from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2018, within MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Only articles published in the English language were included.Study Selection Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials of PDE5Is for ED were included. Studies were excluded if they did not provide distribution measures for statistical analysis. Study selection review assessments were conducted by 2 independent investigators. A total of 2215 studies were identified from the database search, and after review, 63 studies that included 12 564 men were analyzed.Data Extraction and Synthesis Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. Data were extracted from published reports by 2 independent reviewers. Quality assessment was performed using the Jadad scale. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was improvement in the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire in the placebo arm of the included studies. Effect size was reported as bias-corrected standardized mean difference (Hedges g). The hypothesis was formulated before data extraction.Results A total of 63 studies that included 12 564 men (mean [SD] age, 55 [7] years; age range, 36-68 years) were included. Erectile function was significantly improved among participants in the placebo arm, with a small to moderate effect size (Hedges g [SE], 0.35 [0.03]; P < .001). Placebo effect size was larger among participants with ED associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (Hedges g [SE], 0.78 [0.32]; P = .02) compared with the overall analysis. No significant difference was found between placebo and PDE5Is for ED after prostate surgery or radiotherapy (Hedges g [SE], 0.30 [0.17]; P = .08).Conclusions and Relevance In this study, placebo was associated with improvement of ED, especially among men with ED-related posttraumatic stress disorder. No difference was found between placebo and PDE5I among men treated for ED after prostate surgery.
|
|
| 60. |
- Unukovych, D, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations between Reoperations and Psychological Factors after Contralateral Risk-Reducing Mastectomy: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International journal of breast cancer. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-3170 .- 2090-3189. ; 2016, s. 4604852-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The aim of the study was to investigate associations between reoperations after contralateral risk-reducing mastectomies (CRRM) and emotional problems, body image, sexuality, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with breast cancer and hereditary high risk.Patients and Methods. Patients scheduled for CRRM with breast reconstruction between 1998 and 2010 completed questionnaires, comprised of SF-36, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Body Image Scale, and the Sexual Activity Questionnaire, preoperatively and two years after CRRM. Data on reoperations was collected from medical charts.Results. A total of 80 women participated, with a response rate of 61 (76%) preoperatively and 57 (71%) at the two-year follow-up. At the two-year assessment, 44 (55%) patients had undergone ≥1 reoperation (reoperation group), whereas 36 (45%) had not (no reoperation group). No statistically significant differences between the groups were found for HRQoL, sexuality, anxiety, or depression. A higher proportion of patients in the “reoperation group” reported being dissatisfied with their bodies (81% versus 48%,p=0.01).Conclusion. The results suggest associations between reoperation following CRRM with breast reconstruction and body image problems. Special attention should be paid to body image problems among women who are subject to reoperations after CRRM.
|
|
