| 21. |
- Heiden, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Autonomic activity, pain, and perceived health in patients on sick leave due to stress-related illnesses
- 2005
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Ingår i: Integrative Physiological & Behavioral Science. - 1053-881X .- 2168-7846. ; 40:1, s. 3-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare autonomic activity, pressure-pain thresholds, and subjective assessments of health and behavior between patients with stress-related illnesses and healthy control subjects. Methods: Twenty sick-listed patients with stress-related disorders and 20 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects performed tests of autonomic regulation and algometric tests, and completed questionnaires about physical and mental health and behavioral patterns. Results: Patients exhibited higher autonomic reactivity to cognitive and physical laboratory tasks (p<0.05), and had lower pressure-pain thresholds in the shoulders and lower back than healthy control subjects (p<0.05). Furthermore, the patients rated considerably poorer health and health behavior than the control subjects (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results indicate an engagement of the autonomic nervous system in stress-related illnesses. Furthermore, they show that patients with stress-related illnesses experience strong symptoms of musculoskeletal pain, and it is therefore recommended that assessments of musculoskeletal pain be incorporated in the clinical examinations and the rehabilitation of patients with stress-related illnesses.
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| 22. |
- Heiden, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Group Treatment and Physical Activity for People with Stress-related Illnesses
- 2005
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Ingår i: Second ICOH International Conference on Psychosocial Factors at Work.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of cognitive behavioral group treatment and physical activity for patients with stress-related illnesses. Sixty patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups, so that each group contained twenty patients. Group A received cognitive behavioral group treatment, group B participated in physical activity, and group C constituted a control group thus receiving no treatment during the course of the study. Measurements of autonomic activity, pain sensitivity, and subjective health assessments were performed before and after a 10-week intervention period, consisting of two gatherings per week for the cognitive behavioral treatment group, and two exercise sessions per week for the physical activity group. Each of the two treatment groups assembled at 1.5, 3, and 6 months after the intervention, and follow-up measurements on all participants were performed at 6 and 12 months after the intervention. For comparison, measurements were performed at one occasion on healthy subjects of the same age and gender distribution as the patients. Patients exhibited higher autonomic reactivity to cognitive and physical laboratory tasks (p<0.05), had lower pressure-pain thresholds in the shoulders and lower back (p<0.05), and rated poorer health than healthy subjects (p<0.01). No overall effect of cognitive behavioral group treatment or physical activity was found on autonomic activity (p>0.06) or pressure-pain thresholds (p>0.71), although patients who received cognitive behavioral group treatment reported improved health (p<0.05). The results suggest little difference in effect of cognitive behavioral group treatment and physical activity on patients with stress-related illnesses
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| 23. |
- Heiden, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of cognitive behavioural training and physical activity for patients with stress-related illnesses : a randomized controlled study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081 .- 0001-5555. ; 39:5, s. 366-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a cognitive behavioural training programme and a physical activity programme for patients with stress-related illnesses. DESIGN: In a randomized controlled study, patients were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 groups, where group 1 participated in a cognitive behavioural training programme, group 2 participated in a physical activity programme, and group 3, the control group, was offered usual care for the course of the study. SUBJECTS: A total of 75 patients participated in the study. They had been on sick leave for at least 50% of the time for between 1 month and 2 years due to stress-related illnesses. METHODS: Measurements of autonomic activity, pressure-pain thresholds and subjective ratings of health and behaviour were made before and after a 10-week intervention period, and at 6 and 12 months after the intervention. RESULTS: Minor differences in autonomic activity and pressure-pain thresholds were found between the groups immediately after the intervention. At the 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments, the differences were no longer present. Patients in the cognitive behavioural training group improved their ratings of general health compared with the physical activity group throughout the study. CONCLUSION: The study showed little difference in the effect of cognitive behavioural training and physical activity, compared with usual care, for patients with stress-related illnesses.
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| 24. |
- Holmström, Stefan, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Swedish version of the Job Stress Survey
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 49:3, s. 277-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study assesses and evaluates the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Job Stress Survey (JSS; Spielberger, 1991; Spielberger & Vagg, 1999). This instrument is constructed to measure generic sources of occupational stress encountered by employees in a wide variety of work settings, settings that often result in psychological strain. The JSS was administered to metal assembly industry workers and medical service personnel in northern Sweden (n= 1186). The exploratory factor analysis showed that there is a high similarity between the present Swedish version and the original American version. Internal reliabilities of the scales, as well as test-retest reliabilities were shown to be high, and concurrent validity, as examined by comparisons with the Perceived Stress Questionnaire Index ( Levenstein et al., 1993 ) was found to be satisfactory. The consistency of these findings is discussed with particular focus on groups of employees, gender, and cross-cultural evaluations.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Holmström, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Job Stress Survey and self-reported health : Evaluating survey stability through repeated measurements in metal-industry workplaces
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings from 36th Annual Conference of the Nordic Ergonomics Society. (NES).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Level of stress and muskuloskeletal complaints was studied in t wo metal- industry workplaces. Measurements were obtained twice with a 6-month inteIVa!. Level of stress was measured by the Job Stress Survey (Spieiberger & Vagg, 1999). Level of muskuloskeletal complaints was measured by 5-point rating scales. Results showed that the JSS sca!e values, as weil as the muskuloskeletal ratings, were quite stable over the six-month inteIVal. The three JSS scales showed high reliability. The two factories differed with respect to the patteffi of scale values, but these patteros remained over the six months, suggesting that the JSS instrument reflects major stress structures in the factory , rather than occasional changes in production.
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| 27. |
- Holmström, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Job Stress Survey and self-reported health : Repeated measurements in metal-industry
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings from 36th Annual Conference of the Nordic Ergonomics Society. (NES).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Occupational stress and muskuloskeletal complaints was studied in t wo metal-industry workplaces. Measurements were obtained twice with a 6-month interval. Occupational stress was measured by the lob Stress Survey (SpieIberger & Vagg, 1999) and muskuloskeletal complaints was measured by 5-point rating scales. Results showed that the lSS scale values, as weIl as the musculoskeletal pain ratings, were quite stable over the six-month interval. The three lSS scales showed high reliability. The t wo factories differed with respect to the pattern of scale values, but the se patterns remained over the six months, suggesting that the lSS instrument reflects major stress structures in the factory , rather than occasional changes in production.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Holmström, Stefan, 1970-
(författare)
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Workplace stress measured by Job Stress Survey and relationships to musculoskeletal complaints
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main purpose of this thesis was to evaluate and test the Job Stress Survey (JSS, Spielberger, 1991; Spielberger & Vagg, 1999), a self-report instrument which assesses workplace stress. In the thesis a thorough evaluation is made of JSS scales and items, and the relations to health, particularly musculoskeletal complaints. The aim of Study I was to evaluate the factor structure and the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the JSS. The instrument was distributed to medical service personal and metal industry workers (n=1186). Factor analyses demonstrated a good resemblance between the present version and the American original version. The results also showed that the internal consistencies, as well as the test-retest reliabilities of the scales are high, and the concurrent validity are good. Study II examined work-related stress measured by JSS for the subgroups of gender, industry workers and medical service personnel, and special attention was given to the problem of differential item functioning (DIF) on these subgroups. The main findings were that both gender and occupation has a substantial impact on specific sources of work-related stress assessed by JSS scales and individual items. The result of the DIF analyses showed no item bias in the gender subgroup, but for the occupational subgroups there where items showing DIF in two of the scales. These items do not jeopardize the conclusions made on scale level since the number of items showing DIF are too few to make an impact on the overall result on the different scales. In Study III the relation between self-reported stress and health, particularly musculoskeletal problems were examined longitudinally in two metal industry factories. Results showed high levels of stress and musculoskeletal complaints in these factories and significant and strong relationships between the JSS scales and musculoskeletal, as well as psychosocial ratings. Lack of Organizational Support was found to be more related to musculoskeletal pain than Job Pressure. Longitudinal differences were found between the factories and between different types of musculoskeletal complaints. The general conclusions from the studies are that the present version of JSS shows a good resemblance with the American original, and that JSS is a useful instrument for studying relationships between stress and health.
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| 30. |
- Högvall Nordin, Maria, 1962-
(författare)
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"Dom brukar jämföra det med en stridspilot" : en studie i organisationskommunikation
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The focus of this dissertation is on how communication regarding work environment and work related risks can be understood from an organizational communication perspective. Based on a case study of communication about work environment and work related risks in the Swedish forest industry, the present study discusses institutional influences on organizational sense making processes. A central question has been how to understand the organizational field as a cultural and communicative arena where concepts and ideas connected with issues in the field are communicated between different actors.The empirical data was gathered using different methods. A questionnaire aiming at screening media habits and information gathering strategies of forest machine contractors was used. Based on information from that screening, mass media content was analysed, such as daily newspapers, trade press and advertisements for forest machines. Also, interviews with actors in the field were analysed thematically with respect to how to unveil hidden key symbols and cultural valuations of forest machine work, the work environment and how to handle work related risks in forest work. The key symbols that were identified to organise conceptions about forest work and occupational risks connected with it contained information about different attitudes towards how to handle risks and other problems in the work environment. Two main types of conceptions were identified, technologically oriented conceptions and person oriented conceptions.The analysis revealed a fragmented picture of forest work. Yet, the picture was more or less common to the organizational field as a whole. Building on institutional theory and theories of sense making, the study results in a deeper understanding of sense making in relation to work environmental issues by applying an organizational dimension to risk communication in an organizational field.
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