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| 902. |
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| 903. |
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| 904. |
- Jacobson-Galán, Wynn V., et al.
(författare)
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Late-time Observations of Calcium-rich Transient SN 2019ehk Reveal a Pure Radioactive Decay Power Source
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8205 .- 2041-8213. ; 908:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present multiband Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the calcium-rich supernova (SN) SN 2019ehk at 276-389 days after explosion. These observations represent the latest B-band to near-IR photometric measurements of a calcium-rich transient to date and allow for the first opportunity to analyze the late-time bolometric evolution of an object in this observational SN class. We find that the late-time bolometric light curve of SN 2019ehk can be described predominantly through the radioactive decay of 56Co for which we derive a mass of M(56Co) = (2.8 ± 0.1) × 10-2 M o. Furthermore, the rate of decline in bolometric luminosity requires the leakage of γ-rays on timescale t γ = 53.9 ± 1.30 days, but we find no statistical evidence for incomplete positron trapping in the SN ejecta. While our observations cannot constrain the exact masses of other radioactive isotopes synthesized in SN 2019ehk, we estimate a mass ratio limit of M(57Co)/M(56Co) ≤ 0.030. This limit is consistent with the explosive nucleosynthesis produced in the merger of low-mass white dwarfs, which is one of the favored progenitor scenarios in early-time studies of SN 2019ehk.
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| 905. |
- Jalabert, A, et al.
(författare)
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Profiling of ob/ob mice skeletal muscle exosome-like vesicles demonstrates combined action of miRNAs, proteins and lipids to modulate lipid homeostasis in recipient cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1, s. 21626-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have determined the lipid, protein and miRNA composition of skeletal muscle (SkM)-released extracellular vesicles (ELVs) from Ob/ob (OB) vs wild-type (WT) mice. The results showed that atrophic insulin-resistant OB-SkM released less ELVs than WT-SkM, highlighted by a RAB35 decrease and an increase in intramuscular cholesterol content. Proteomic analyses of OB-ELVs revealed a group of 37 proteins functionally connected, involved in lipid oxidation and with catalytic activities. OB-ELVs had modified contents for phosphatidylcholine (PC 34-4, PC 40-3 and PC 34-0), sphingomyelin (Sm d18:1/18:1) and ceramides (Cer d18:1/18:0) and were enriched in cholesterol, likely to alleviated intracellular accumulation. Surprisingly many ELV miRNAs had a nuclear addressing sequence, and targeted genes encoding proteins with nuclear activities. Interestingly, SkM-ELV miRNA did not target mitochondria. The most significant function targeted by the 7 miRNAs altered in OB-ELVs was lipid metabolism. In agreement, OB-ELVs induced lipid storage in recipient adipocytes and increased lipid up-take and fatty acid oxidation in recipient muscle cells. In addition, OB-ELVs altered insulin-sensitivity and induced atrophy in muscle cells, reproducing the phenotype of the releasing OB muscles. These data suggest for the first time, a cross-talk between muscle cells and adipocytes, through the SkM-ELV route, in favor of adipose tissue expansion.
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| 906. |
- Jewell, Jessica, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Reply to: Why fossil fuel producer subsidies matter
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 578:7793, s. E5-E7
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 907. |
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| 908. |
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| 909. |
- Karyotaki, E., et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of treatment dropout in self-guided web-based interventions for depression: an individual patient data meta-analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 45:13, s. 2717-2726
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. It is well known that web-based interventions can be effective treatments for depression. However, dropout rates in web-based interventions are typically high, especially in self-guided web-based interventions. Rigorous empirical evidence regarding factors influencing dropout in self-guided web-based interventions is lacking due to small study sample sizes. In this paper we examined predictors of dropout in an individual patient data meta-analysis to gain a better understanding of who may benefit from these interventions. Method. A comprehensive literature search for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapy for adults with depression from 2006 to January 2013 was conducted. Next, we approached authors to collect the primary data of the selected studies. Predictors of dropout, such as socio-demographic, clinical, and intervention characteristics were examined. Results. Data from 2705 participants across ten RCTs of self-guided web-based interventions for depression were analysed. The multivariate analysis indicated that male gender [relative risk (RR) 1.08], lower educational level (primary education, RR 1.26) and co-morbid anxiety symptoms (RR 1.18) significantly increased the risk of dropping out, while for every additional 4 years of age, the risk of dropping out significantly decreased (RR 0.94). Conclusions. Dropout can be predicted by several variables and is not randomly distributed. This knowledge may inform tailoring of online self-help interventions to prevent dropout in identified groups at risk.
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| 910. |
- Kent, M., et al.
(författare)
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Composition of foods including added water using microwave dielectric spectra
- 2001
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Ingår i: Food Control. - 0956-7135 .- 1873-7129. ; 12:7, s. 467-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The added water content of fresh and untreated pork, poultry, fish and prawns was adjusted either by dipping in polyphosphate and salt solutions of known concentrations for controlled periods, or by injection (pork) with polyphosphate and salt solutions. Mixtures were prepared from treated and untreated fish and other foods (milk and flour). Liquid uptake was determined by the weight gain of samples. The proximate composition of the samples was determined: water, fat, protein, NaCl and phosphorus (for polyphosphate content). Complex dielectric spectra of each product were measured at known temperatures and at 31 frequencies in the range 0.2-12 GHz using an automatic network analyser (ANA) and a 3.0 mm open-ended coaxial sensor. The spectra were subjected to various procedures. Principal component analysis (PCA) using the individual complex components. Regression of the composition data against the principal components to obtain prediction formulae for composition including liquid uptake (internal cross-validation). Regression of the composition data against raw spectral data and against other composition variables to obtain similar formulae. In order to design a simpler instrument, the effect on accuracy was studied of reducing the number of frequencies in the spectrum and its range. The slight loss of accuracy engendered by using only five or six frequencies was acceptable. The accuracy of the method in predicting liquid uptake and composition was good. Using one of the compositional variables in the calibration made it equivalent to accuracy obtained by proximate analysis, which was the limiting factor. Measurements on solutions of glycerol, NaCl and water with precisely known composition demonstrated that the intrinsic accuracy of the instrument was far better. A prototype instrument was built and validated using samples of prawns and herring. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd.
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