| 81. |
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| 82. |
- Osman, Ahmed M. Shahat, et al.
(författare)
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Big Data Analytics and Smart Cities : A Loose or Tight Couple?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on ICT, Society and Human Beings 2017. - : IADIS. - 9789898533678 ; , s. 157-168
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart City (SC) is an emerging concept aiming at mitigating the challenges raised due to the continuous urbanization development. To face these challenges, government decision makers sponsor SC projects targeting sustainable economic growth and better quality of life for inhabitants and visitors. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is the enabling technology for smartening. These technologies yield massive volumes of data known as Big Data (BD). If spawned BD are integrated and analyzed, both city decision makers and citizens can benefit from valuable insights and information services. The process of extracting information and insights from BD is known as Big Data Analytics (BDA). Although BDA involves non-trivial challenges, it attracted academician and industrialist. Surveying the literature reveals the novelty and increasing interest in addressing BD applications in SCs. Although literature is replete with abundant number of articles about SCs applications harnessing BD, comprehensive discussion on BDA frameworks fitting SCs requirements is still needed. This paper attempts to fill this gap. It is a systematic literature review on BDA frameworks in SCs. In this review, we will try to answer the following research questions: what are the big data analytics frameworks applied in smart cities? what are the functional gaps in the current available frameworks? what are the conceptual guidelines of designing integrated scalable big data analytics frameworks for smart cities purposes? The paper concludes with a proposal for a novel conceptual analytics framework to serve SCs requirements. Additionally, open issues and further research directions are presented.
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| 83. |
- Padyab, Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Facebook Users Attitudes towards Secondary Use of Personal Information
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Thirty Seventh International Conference on Information Systems. - 9780996683135 ; , s. 1-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on a study of how user attitudes to institutional privacy change after exposing users to potential inferences that can be made from information disclosed on Facebook. Two sets of focus group sessions with Facebook users were conducted. Three sessions were conducted by demonstrating to the users, on a general level, what can be inferred from posts using prototypical software called DataBait. Another set of three sessions let the users experience the potential inferences from their own actual Facebook profiles by using the DataBait tool. Findings suggest that the participants’ attitudes to secondary use of information changed from affective to cognitive when they were exposed to potential third-party inferences using their own actual personal information. This observation calls for more research into online tools that allow users to manage and educate themselves dynamically about their own disclosure practices.
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| 84. |
- Padyab, Ali Mohammad, et al.
(författare)
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Awareness of Indirect Information Disclosure on Social Network Sites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Social Media + Society. - : Sage Publications. - 2056-3051. ; 5:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigates user awareness and attitudes toward potential inferences of information posted on social network sites (SNSs). The study reports how user attitudes change after exposure to inferences made based upon information they have disclosed on an SNS, namely, on Facebook. To demonstrate this, two sub-studies involving three focus group sessions were conducted with Facebook users. In the first sub-study, the users received a general introduction to information that can be inferred from posts by using a prototypical privacy-enhancement tool called DataBait. Then, the second sub-study allowed the users to witness the potential inferences of their own Facebook photos and posts by using the DataBait tool. Next, qualitative content analysis was conducted to analyze the results, and these showed that the participants’ attitudes toward privacy on SNSs changed from affective to cognitive when they became aware of potential inferences from actual information posted on their own Facebook accounts. The results imply that end users require more cognitive awareness regarding their genres of disclosure and the effect of their disclosures on their privacy. Moreover, as privacy awareness is contextual, there is a need for more research and development of online tools that will allow users to manage and educate themselves.
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| 85. |
- Pohl, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Fall risk awareness and safety precautions taken by older community-dwelling women and men : a qualitative study using focus group discussions
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Daily life requires frequent estimations of the risk of falling and the ability to avoid a fall. The objective of this study was to explore older women's and men's understanding of fall risk and their experiences with safety precautions taken to prevent falls.Methods A qualitative study with focus group discussions was conducted. Eighteen community-dwelling people [10 women and 8 men] with and without a history of falls were purposively recruited. Participants were divided into two groups, and each group met four times. A participatory and appreciative action and reflection approach was used to guide the discussions. All discussions were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed by qualitative content analysis, and categories were determined inductively.Findings Three categories describing the process of becoming aware of fall risks in everyday life were identified: 1] Facing various feelings, 2] Recognizing one's fall risk, and 3] Taking precautions. Each category comprised several subcategories. The comprehensive theme derived from the categories was "Safety precautions through fall risk awareness". Three strategies of ignoring [continuing a risky activity], gaining insight [realizing the danger in a certain situation], and anticipating [thinking ahead and acting in advance] were related to all choices of actions and could fluctuate in the same person in different contexts.Conclusions The fall risk awareness process might be initiated for various reasons and can involve different feelings and precautions as well as different strategies. This finding highlights that there are many possible channels to reach older people with information about fall risk and fall prevention, including the media and their peers. The findings offer a deeper understanding of older peoples' conceptualizations about fall risk awareness and make an important contribution to the development and implementation of fall prevention programmes.
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| 86. |
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| 87. |
- Pohl, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Older women and men as co-creators in design of a mobile application for fall prevention
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a plethora of fall prevention programs for older community-dwelling people. The evidence for exercise-based programs is strong. There is a problem however with implementation and adherence. Motivational factors and barriers have been identified to some extent. Previous studies have shown that what works best is when exercise programs are tailor made, home based, and when people have access to personal feedback on a regular basis. Mobile applications for Smartphones with exercises have these advantages, and have been available for a long time, but these are most commonly directed to young and middle-aged people. There are no applications for fall prevention developed based on senior’s own wishes. The aim was to investigate how healthy older community-dwelling women and men reason and what exercises they prefer when participating in development and design of a fall prevention program in shape of a mobile application for Smartphones.Method Participatory and appreciative action research design with focus group interviews and workshops. Qualitative data analysis.Results The preliminary results show that when older community-dwelling men and women participate in developing a fall prevention program for Smartphones, they have many ideas, thoughts and experiences that may serve as a motivational factor for following a fall prevention program regularly.ConclusionThe implementation and adherence for evidence based fall preventative exercise programs is insufficient. This study will gain knowledge to design tailor made, home based fall prevention exercise programs among community-dwelling healthy seniors.
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| 88. |
- Pohl, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Äldre män och kvinnor som med-aktörer i design av tränings-appar för fallprevention
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund och syfte:Det finns en uppsjö av olika fallpreventiva evidensbaserade träningsprogram för äldre i ordinärt boende. Även om evidensgraden är hög för viss träning finns det svårigheter med att få äldre personer att utföra träningen. Vissa motivationsfaktorer och hindrande faktorer har redan identifierats och forskningen visar att skräddarsydda, hembaserade träningsprogram med möjlighet till regelbunden återkoppling är det som fungerar bäst. Applikationer till mobiltelefoner och surfplattor erbjuder denna möjlighet, och har funnits sedan en längre tid, men dessa vänder sig oftast till yngre och medelålders personer. Det finns ännu ingen applikation som är baserad på de äldres egna önskemål. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur friska äldre män och kvinnor i ordinärt boende resonerar och vilka övningar de föredrar när de deltar i utveckling och design av ett fallpreventivt träningsprogram i form av en applikation till smarta telefoner och surfplattor. Metoder:18 deltagare > 70 år. Deltagande och uppskattande aktionsforskning samt fokusgruppsintervjuer och workshops. Kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat:De preliminära resultaten visar att när äldre män och kvinnor i ordinärt boende deltar i utvecklingen av ett fallpreventivt träningsprogram för smarta telefoner och surfplattor har de många idéer, tankar och erfarenheter som kan fungera som motiverande faktorer i syfte att utföra regelbunden fallpreventiv träning. Konklusion:Implementeringen och följsamheten för evidensbaserade fallpreventiva träningsprogram är otillräcklig. Denna studie bidrar med kunskaper för att designa skräddarsydda, hembaserade fallpreventiva träningsprogram för friska äldre personer i ordinärt boende.
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| 89. |
- Rizk, Aya, 1988-
(författare)
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Data-driven Innovation : An exploration of outcomes and processes within federated networks
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence and pervasiveness of digital technologies are changing many aspects of our lives, including what and how we innovate. Industries and societies are competing to embrace this wave of digitalization by developing the right infrastructures and ecosystems for innovation. Similarly, innovation managers and entrepreneurs are using digital technologies to develop novel products, services, processes, business models, etc. One of the major consequences of digitalization is the massive amounts of machine-readable data generated through digital interactions. But this is not only a consequence, it is also a driver for other innovations to emerge. Employing analytical techniques on data to extract useful patterns and insights enables different aspects of innovation. During the last decade, scholars within digital innovation have started to explore this relationship between analytics and innovation, a phenomenon referred to as data-driven innovation (DDI). Most theories to date view analytics as variable that affects innovation in performative terms and treats it as a black-box. However, if the innovation managers and entrepreneurs are to manage and navigate DDI, and for the investors, funders and policymakers to take informed decisions, they need a better understanding of how DDI outcomes (i.e. market offerings such as products and services) are shaped and how they emerge from a process perspective.This dissertation explores this research gap by addressing two research questions: “What characterizes data-driven innovation outcomes?” and “How do data-driven innovations emerge in federated networks?” A federated network is a type of – increasingly common – contemporary innovation structure that is also enabled by digital technology. The dissertation is based on a compilation of five articles addressing these questions. The overall research approach follows a multiple case study design and the empirical investigation takes place in two case sites corresponding to two EU-funded projects.As a result, a classification taxonomy is developed for data-driven digital services. This taxonomy contributes to the conceptualization of DDI outcomes grounded on static and dynamic characteristics. In addition, a DDI process framework is proposed that highlights the importance of exploration, the temporal relationship between data acquisition and innovation development, and the various factors that influence the process along with examples of their contextual manifestations. Finally, social and cognitive interactions within federated networks of DDI are explored to reveal that the innovation teams rely on data-driven representations to facilitate various stakeholders’ engagement and contribution throughout the process. These representations eventually stabilize into boundary objects that retain the factual integrity of the data and analytical models but are also flexible for contextual interpretation and use. These findings contribute to the current discourse within digital innovation by introducing the lens of data analytics to conceptualize a specific type of digital artifacts, and well as providing a rich descriptive account of an extended digital innovation process. They also contribute to the discourse on data-driven innovation by providing an empirical account of DDI from a process viewpoint.
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| 90. |
- Rizk, Aya, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Service Innovation Enabled by Big Data Analytics : A Review and the Way Forward
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2017. - : University of Hawai'i at Manoa. - 9780998133102 ; , s. 1247-1256
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service innovation is attracting attention with the expanding service industries and economies. Accompanied by major developments in ICT and sensory and digital technologies, the interest in digital service innovation (DSI), both from academia and industry, is increasing. Digitization and the accompanying technological advancements are leading to phenomena that call for extensive research in relation to service innovation; one of which is big data analytics (BDA). In this paper, we review the DSI literature and explore how BDA can contribute along the different dimensions of DSI. The ex post literature suffers from the lack of such studies. Accordingly, we suggest a research agenda for BDA-enabled DSI, motivated by emerging research gaps, as well as opportunities and guiding research questions. It is expected that such research agenda will contribute to shape an ex ante research efforts in an attempt to advance the state-of-the-art in BDA-enabled DSI.
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