51. |
- Cardeña, Etzel, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in State of Consciousness and Psi in Ganzfeld and Hypnosis Conditions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Parapsychology. - 0022-3387. ; 84:1, s. 66-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous experiment with participants high (Highs) and low (Lows) in hypnotizability,psi z scores had moderate to strong correlations with percipients’ belief of their success and theirprevious ostensible psi experiences, experiencing an Altered State of Consciousness and other alterationsof consciousness during a non-psi ganzfeld session, but only among the Highs. The currentpre-registered study had a larger N of only Highs, evaluated in hypnosis and hypnosis + ganzfeldprocedures. Participants (N = 35) served as “receivers” in two 20 min sessions of ganzfeld or hypnosisin counterbalanced order. Both sessions used hypnosis verbalizations, but only one of them hadsensory homogenization. The authors served as “sender” and “experimenter” in different buildings.As an index of experienced alterations of consciousness, participants filled out the Phenomenologyof Consciousness Inventory (PCI) at the beginning and end of the sessions, and gave a rating of0-100 to 4 film clips (one of them the target), from which psi z scores were derived. Overall, participantsdid not score better than chance and there was no difference between the conditions. However,for the ganzfeld sessions psi scores correlated moderately (r = .40, p = .02) with the PCI AlteredState shift scores (ganzfeld - baseline scores). Although the overall psi rate was not significant, wefound a relation between psi scoring and experiencing an Altered State in ganzfeld psi sessions.
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53. |
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54. |
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55. |
- Cardeña, Etzel, et al.
(författare)
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Consciousness and emotions as interpersonal and transpersonal systems
- 2008
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Ingår i: The origin of consciousness in the social world. ; , s. 249-263
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedEmotions and consciousness are intimately linked and often conceived from a purely intrapersonal perspective. This paper explores the implications of considering emotions as not only intrapersonal but also as interpersonal and transpersonal heterarchical (i.e., every component has potentially equal importance) systems. It is telling that in contemplative traditions and contemporary research on hypnotic experience, deep “inner” experience is pregnant with interpersonal and transpersonal meanings of interconnectedness. Similarly, the propensity to have porous conscious experiences is paralleled by the tendency to be affected by the emotion of others. Anecdotal and experimental evidence on anomalous events clearly suggests that strong emotions can have non-local effects. That consciousness and emotions are embedded within interpersonal and transpersonal fields has important epistemological and ethical implications.
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57. |
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58. |
- Cardeña, Etzel
(författare)
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Correspondence
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Parapsychology. - 0022-3387. ; 79, s. 252-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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59. |
- Cardeña, Etzel
(författare)
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Correspondence
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Parapsychology. - 0022-3387. ; 80:1, s. 120-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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60. |
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