| 51. |
- Konings, A., et al.
(författare)
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Candidate gene association study for noise-induced hearing loss in two independent noise-exposed populations
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annals of Human Genetics. - : Wiley. - 0003-4800 .- 1469-1809. ; 73:2, s. 215-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Millions of people are daily exposed to high levels of noise. Consequently, noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most important occupational health hazards worldwide. In this study, we performed an association study for NIHL based on a candidate gene approach. 644 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in 53 candidate genes were analyzed in two independent NIHL sample sets, a Swedish set and part of a Polish set. Eight SNPs with promising results were selected and analysed in the remaining part of the Polish samples. One SNP in PCDH15 (rs7095441), resulted in significant associations in both sample sets while two SNPs in MYH14 (rs667907 and rs588035), resulted in significant associations in the Polish sample set and significant interactions with noise exposure level in the Swedish sample set. Calculation of odds ratios revealed a significant association of rs588035 with NIHL in the Swedish high noise exposure level group. Our studies suggest that PCDH15 and MYH14 may be NIHL susceptibility genes, but further replication in independent sample sets is mandatory.
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| 52. |
- Landin-Olsson, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Immunoreactive trypsin(Ogen) in the sera of children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes and matched controls
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pancreas. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-3177. ; 5:3, s. 241-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the exocrine pancreatic function at the time of diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, we determined immunoreactive an-odal and cathodal trypsin(ogen) levels in sera from almost all children (n = 375) 0-14 years of age in Sweden in whom diabetes developed during 1 year, and in sex-, age-, and geographically matched control subjects (n = 312). The median level of anodal trypsin(ogen) was 5 (quartile range, 3-7) µg/L in children with newly diagnosed diabetes, compared with a median level of 7 (quartile range, 4-8) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Similarly, the median level of cathodal trypsin(ogen) was 8 (quartile range, 4-10) µg/L in children with diabetes, compared with a median level of 11 (quartile range, 7-15) µg/L in control subjects (p < 0.0001). The median of the individual ratios between cathodal and anodal trypsin(ogen) was 1.4 in the diabetic patients and 1.7 in the control children (p < 0.001). In a multivariate test, however, only the decrease in cathodal trypsin(ogen) concentration was associated with diabetes. The levels of trypsin(ogen)s did not correlate with levels of islet cell antibodies, present in 81% of the diabetic children. Several mechanisms may explain our findings, for example, similar pathogenetic factors may affect both the endocrine and exocrine pancreas simultaneously, a failing local trophic stimulation by insulin on the exocrine cells may decrease the trypsinogen production, and there may be an increased elimination of trypsin(ogen) because of higher filtration through the kidneys in the hyperglycemic state.
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| 53. |
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| 54. |
- Linderholm, B. K., et al.
(författare)
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Angiogenic factors in relation to clinical effect in a phase II trial of weekly paclitaxel
- 2013
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Ingår i: Breast. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3080. ; 22:6, s. 1142-1147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Several anticancer agents including paclitaxel have an inhibitory effect on angiogenesis. Aims: To compare the overall response rate and time to progression with changes in circulating angiogenic factors during palliative treatment with weekly paclitaxel. Material and methods: Patients with metastatic BC, ECOG 0-2, received weekly paclitaxel, concomitant with trastuzumab if HER2+ BC (n = 7). Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were determined at base-line and before start of new course. Results: Fifty-five of 63 included patients were evaluable. The overall response rate including stable disease >= 24 weeks (CR + PD + SD) was obtained in 25 of the evaluable patients (45%). The median time to progression (TTP) was 5.3 months and overall survival (OS) 16.7 months. Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) showed a trend towards higher base-line VEGF compared with hormone receptor positive or HER2+ tumours and had shorter TTP. Significant differences in VEGF and bFGF levels at 12 weeks were found between patients with longer versus shorter TTP (VEGF: p = 0.046, bFGF: p = 0.005) and between patients gaining versus lacking clinical benefit (VEGF: p = 0.05, bFGF: p = 0.02). Conclusions: The clinical utility of circulating VEGF may be a useful tool for monitoring treatment efficacy. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 55. |
- Maghnie, M., et al.
(författare)
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Safety and Efficacy of Pediatric Growth Hormone Therapy: Results From the Full KIGS Cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 107:12, s. 3287-3301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context The Kabi/Pfizer International Growth Database (KIGS) is a large, international database (1987-2012) of children treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in real-world settings. Objective This work aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of rhGH from the full KIGS cohort. Methods Data were collected by investigators from children with growth disorders treated with rhGH (Genotropin [somatropin]; Pfizer). Safety was evaluated in all treated patients, and efficacy in those treated for 1 year or more. A subgroup included patients treated for 5 years or more (>= 2 years prepubertal) who had reached near-adult height (NAH). Main outcomes included adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and height growth. Results The full KIGS cohort (N = 83 803 [58% male]) was treated for idiopathic GH deficiency (IGHD; 46.9%), organic GHD (10.0%), small for gestational age (SGA; 9.5%), Turner syndrome (TS; 9.2%), idiopathic short stature (ISS; 8.2%), and others (16.2%). Median rhGH treatment duration was 2.7 years and observation 3.1 years. SAEs occurred in 3.7% of patients and death in 0.4%. The most common SAEs were recurrence of craniopharyngioma (n = 151), neoplasm (n = 99), and cancer (n = 91); and scoliosis (n = 91). Median first-year delta height-SD score (SDS) (Prader) in prepubertal patients was 0.66 (IGHD), 0.55 (ISS), 0.58 (TS), and 0.71 (SGA). Median gains in NAH-SDS were 1.79 (IGHD), 1.37 (ISS), and 1.34 (SGA) for boys, and 2.07 (IGHD), 1.62 (ISS), 1.07 (TS), and 1.57 (SGA) for girls. Conclusion Data from KIGS, the largest and longest running international database of rhGH-treated children, show that rhGH is safe and increases short-term height gain and adult height across GHD and non-GHD conditions.
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
- Moustafa, J. S. E., et al.
(författare)
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Novel association approach for variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) identifies DOCK5 as a susceptibility gene for severe obesity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 21:16, s. 3727-3738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) constitute a relatively under-examined class of genomic variants in the context of complex disease because of their sequence complexity and the challenges in assaying them. Recent large-scale genome-wide copy number variant mapping and association efforts have highlighted the need for improved methodology for association studies using these complex polymorphisms. Here we describe the in-depth investigation of a complex region on chromosome 8p21.2 encompassing the dedicator of cytokinesis 5 (DOCK5) gene. The region includes two VNTRs of complex sequence composition which flank a common 3975 bp deletion, all three of which were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and fragment analysis in a total of 2744 subjects. We have developed a novel VNTR association method named VNTRtest, suitable for association analysis of multi-allelic loci with binary and quantitative outcomes, and have used this approach to show significant association of the DOCK5 VNTRs with childhood and adult severe obesity (P-empirical 8.9 10(8) and P 3.1 10(3), respectively) which we estimate explains approximate to 0.8 of the phenotypic variance. We also identified an independent association between the 3975 base pair (bp) deletion and obesity, explaining a further 0.46 of the variance (P-combined 1.6 10(3)). Evidence for association between DOCK5 transcript levels and the 3975 bp deletion (P 0.027) and both VNTRs (P-empirical 0.015) was also identified in adipose tissue from a Swedish family sample, providing support for a functional effect of the DOCK5 deletion and VNTRs. These findings highlight the potential role of DOCK5 in human obesity and illustrate a novel approach for analysis of the contribution of VNTRs to disease susceptibility through association studies.
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| 58. |
- Nordin, E. Z., et al.
(författare)
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Secondary organic aerosol formation from idling gasoline passenger vehicle emissions investigated in a smog chamber
- 2013
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 13:12, s. 6101-6116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gasoline vehicles have recently been pointed out as potentially the main source of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in megacities. However, there is a lack of laboratory studies to systematically investigate SOA formation in real-world exhaust. In this study, SOA formation from pure aromatic precursors, idling and cold start gasoline exhaust from three passenger vehicles (EURO2-EURO4) were investigated with photo-oxidation experiments in a 6 m(3) smog chamber. The experiments were carried out down to atmospherically relevant organic aerosol mass concentrations. The characterization instruments included a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and a proton transfer mass spectrometer. It was found that gasoline exhaust readily forms SOA with a signature aerosol mass spectrum similar to the oxidized organic aerosol that commonly dominates the organic aerosol mass spectra downwind of urban areas. After a cumulative OH exposure of similar to 5 x 10(6) cm(-3) h, the formed SOA was 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than the primary OA emissions. The SOA mass spectrum from a relevant mixture of traditional light aromatic precursors gave f(43) (mass fraction at m/z = 43), approximately two times higher than to the gasoline SOA. However O:C and H:C ratios were similar for the two cases. Classical C-6-C-9 light aromatic precursors were responsible for up to 60% of the formed SOA, which is significantly higher than for diesel exhaust. Important candidates for additional precursors are higher-order aromatic compounds such as C-10 and C-11 light aromatics, naphthalene and methyl-naphthalenes. We conclude that approaches using only light aromatic precursors give an incomplete picture of the magnitude of SOA formation and the SOA composition from gasoline exhaust.
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| 59. |
- Rasouli, B., et al.
(författare)
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Coffee consumption, genetic susceptibility and risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults : A population-based case-control study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Diabetes & Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1262-3636 .- 1878-1780. ; 44:4, s. 354-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Coffee consumption is inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In contrast, an increased risk of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) has been reported in heavy coffee consumers, primarily in a subgroup with stronger autoimmune characteristics. Our study aimed to investigate whether coffee consumption interacts with HLA genotypes in relation to risk of LADA. Methods: This population-based study comprised incident cases of LADA (n = 484) and T2D (n = 1609), and also 885 healthy controls. Information on coffee consumption was collected by food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs of diabetes were calculated and adjusted for age, gender, BMI, education level, smoking and alcohol intake. Potential interactions between coffee consumption and high-risk HLA genotypes were calculated by attributable proportion (AP) due to interaction. Results: Coffee intake was positively associated with LADA in carriers of high-risk HLA genotypes (OR: 1.14 per cup/day, 95% CI: 1.02–1.28), whereas no association was observed in non-carriers (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.93–1.17). Subjects with both heavy coffee consumption (≥ 4 cups/day) and high-risk HLA genotypes had an OR of 5.74 (95% CI: 3.34–9.88) with an estimated AP of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.01–0.71; P = 0.04370). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that coffee consumption interacts with HLA to promote LADA.
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| 60. |
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