| 61. |
- Xiong, Dehua, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced Performance of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Ultrasmall Mg-Doped CuCrO2 Nanocrystals
- 2013
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 6:8, s. 1432-1437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, we present ultrasmall delafossite-type Mg-doped CuCrO2 nanocrystals prepared by using hydrothermal synthesis and their first application as photocathodes in efficient p-type dye-sensitized solar cells. The short-circuit current density (J(sc)) is notably increased by approximately 27% owing to the decreased crystallite size and the enhanced optical transmittance associated with Mg doping of the CuCrO2 nanocrystalline sample. An open-circuit voltage (V-oc) of 201mV, J(sc) of 1.51mAcm(-2), fill factor of 0.449, and overall photoconversion efficiency of 0.132% have been achieved with the CuCr0.9Mg0.1O2 dye photocathode sensitized with the P1 dye under optimized conditions. This efficiency is nearly threetimes higher than that of the NiO-based reference device, which is attributed to the largely improved V-oc and J(sc). The augmentation of V-oc and J(sc) can be attributed to the lower valance band position and the faster hole diffusion coefficient of CuCr0.9Mg0.1O2 compared to those of the NiO reference, respectively, which leads to a higher hole collection efficiency.
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| 62. |
- Xu, Peng, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra-shallow junctions formed using microwave annealing
- 2013
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 102:12, s. 122114-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microwave annealing is shown to be viable for achieving low thermal budget formation of ultra-shallow junctions. Regrowth of a 10 nm thick amorphous Si layer that is generated during a Ge amorphization process prior to BF2 or As dopant implantation proceeds at rates up to 0.53 nm/min for BF2 and up to 0.33 nm/min for As at 370 degrees C. The fraction of electrical activation for implanted dopants is as high as 13% for BF2 and 32% for As with negligible diffusion at 540 degrees C.
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| 63. |
- Xu, Xiaobao, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient p-type dye-sensitized solar cells based on disulfide/thiolate electrolytes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 5:17, s. 7963-7969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, an organic redox couple 1-methy-1H-tetrazole-5-thiolate (T-) and its disulfide dimer (T-2) redox shuttle, as an electrolyte, is introduced in a p-type dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) on the basis of an organic dye (P1) sensitizer and nanocrystal CuCrO2 electrode. Using this iodide-free transparent redox electrolyte in conjunction with the sensitized heterojunction, we achieve a high open-circuit voltage of over 300 mV. An optimal efficiency of 0.23% is obtained using a CoS counter electrode and an optimized electrolyte composition under AM 1.5 G 100 mW cm(-2) light illumination which, to the best of our knowledge, represents the highest efficiency that has so far been reported for p-type DSCs using organic redox couples.
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| 64. |
- Yen, Cheng Tyng, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative study of 4H-SiC DMOSFETs with N2O thermal oxide and deposited oxide with post oxidation anneal
- 2014
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum. - 9783038350101 ; , s. 989-992
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two kinds of gate oxides, direct thermal oxidation in a nitrous oxide ambient at 1250°C (TGO) and a PECVD oxide followed by a post deposition oxidation in nitrous oxide ambient at 1150°C (DGO) were studied. DGO showed a lower interface trap density and was able to provide a higher current as being implemented in MOSFETs through the improved channel mobility. However the 6.45 MV/cm average breakdown field of DGO is lower than the 10.1 MV/cm breakdown field of TGO. The lower breakdown field, more leaky behavior and the existence of multiple breakdown mechanisms suggest that DGO needs further improvements before it can be used in real applications.
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| 65. |
- Yen, Cheng Tyng, et al.
(författare)
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SiC epi-channel lateral MOSFETs
- 2014
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum. - 9783038350101 ; , s. 927-930
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- SiC lateral MOSFETs with multi-layered epi-channels were studied in this work. The epi-channel consisting of a high concentration n-type epilayer sandwiched between two lightly doped p-type layers showed a maximum field effect mobility of 17 cm2/V.s, as compared to 1.53 cm2/V.s for inversion type devices without epi-channels. These devices are normally-off with an average threshold voltage of 1.34V.
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- You, Fengzhi, et al.
(författare)
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Maternal mortality in Henan Province, China: changes between 1996 and 2009.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Maternal deaths occur mostly in developing countries and the majority of them are preventable. This study analyzes changes in maternal mortality and related causes in Henan Province, China, between 1996 and 2009, in an attempt to provide a reliable basis for introducing effective interventions to reduce the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), part of the fifth Millennium Development Goal. Methods and Findings: This population-based maternal mortality survey in Henan Province was carried out from 1996 to 2009. Basic information was obtained from the health care network for women and children and the vital statistics system, from specially trained monitoring personnel in 25 selected monitoring sites and by household survey in each case of maternal death. This data was subsequently reported to the Henan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital. The total MMR in Henan Province declined by 78.4%, from 80.1 per 100 000 live births in 1996 to 17.3 per 100 000 live births in 2009. The decline was more pronounced in rural than in urban areas. The most common causes of maternal death during this period were obstetric hemorrhage (43.8%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (15.8%), amniotic fluid embolism (13.9%) and heart disease (8.0%). The MMR was higher in rural areas with lower income, less education and poorer health care. Conclusion: There was a remarkable decrease in the MMR in Henan Province between 1996 and 2009 mainly in the rural areas and MMR due to direct obstetric causes such as obstetric hemorrhage. This study indicates that improving the health care network for women, training of obstetric staff at basic-level units, promoting maternal education, and increasing household income are important interventional strategies to reduce the MMR further.
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| 68. |
- Zhabelova, Gulnara, et al.
(författare)
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Cyber-physical components for heterogeneous modeling, validation and implementation of smart grid intelligence
- 2014
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Ingår i: 12th IEEE Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2014). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. ; , s. 411-417
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a practical framework to bring the cyber-physical block diagram models, such as Ptolemy, to the practice of industrial automation. Cyber-Physical Component (CPC) architecture is suggested. CPC aims at the improvement of design, verification and validation practices in automation of Smart Grid. IEC 61499 standard is used as a basis for this architecture. This architecture addresses several design software and system engineering challenges: right equilibrium between abstract representation and “executability” and round-trip engineering. An CPC exhibit such properties as portability, interoperability and configurability thanks to the reliance on open standards. The use of time stamp based execution paradigm adds determinism and predictability at the run-time.
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| 69. |
- Zhang, Lun, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstruction of defects following surgery for hypopharyngeal carcinoma using artificial biological material
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 130:11, s. 1293-1299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusions: Use of artificial biological material - acellular dermal matrix (Alloderm, ADM) - combined with pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps (PMMFs) or other cervical tissue is a feasible technique with which to reconstruct a large circumferential defect involving the oral cavity and hypopharynx. Objective: This paper presents a review of seven patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma treated at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China, over a 4-year period. Methods: ADM was used in the form of tissue patches for reconstruction. Five of the seven patients underwent total laryngectomy and total hypopharyngectomy, and reconstruction with a combination of PMMF and ADM tissue patches to restore hypopharyngeal functions. Two other patients underwent tumour resection. The defect in the posterior pharyngeal wall was reconstructed with ADM. Treatment details of the seven patients are discussed. Results: All five PMMFs and seven ADM tissue patches survived. No pharyngeal fistula occurred. Satisfactory healing was observed between the wound margin and ADM 10 days after operation. The trauma area was completely covered by growing epithelium 18-37 days after operation. To some degree, stenosis of the pharyngeal cavity did occur, but patients could have a regular diet following dilatation of the stenosis. Five patients are free of disease after 18-42 months of follow-up.
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| 70. |
- Zhang, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical realization of robust broadband transparency in ultrathin seamless nanostructures by dual blackbodies for near infrared light
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 5:8, s. 3373-3379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a counter-intuitive mechanism of constructing an ultrathin broadband transparent device with two perfect blackbodies. By introducing hybridization of plasmon modes, resonant modes with different symmetries coexist in this system. A broadband transmission spectrum in the near infrared regime is achieved through controlling their coupling strengths, which is governed by the thickness of high refractive index layer. Meanwhile, the transparency bandwidth is found to be tunable in a large range by varying the geometric dimension. More significantly, from the point view of applications, the proposed method of achieving broadband transparency can perfectly tolerate the misalignment and asymmetry of periodic nanoparticles on the top and bottom, which is empowered by the unique dual of coupling-in and coupling-out processes within the pair of blackbodies. Moreover, roughness has little influence on its transmission performance. According to the coupled mode theory, the distinguished transmittance performance is physically interpreted by the radiative decay rate of the entire system. In addition to the feature of uniquely robust broadband transparency, such a ultrathin seamless nanostructure ( in the presence of a uniform silver layer) also provides polarization-independent and angle-independent operations. Therefore, it may power up a wide spectrum of exciting applications in thin film protection, touch screen techniques, absorber-emitter transformation, etc.
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