| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Johansson, Peter, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Development and performance of a sleep estimation algorithm using a single accelerometer placed on the thigh : an evaluation against polysomnography
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 32:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accelerometers placed on the thigh provide accurate measures of daily physical activity types, postures and sedentary behaviours, over 24 h and across consecutive days. However, the ability to estimate sleep duration or quality from thigh-worn accelerometers is uncertain and has not been evaluated in comparison with the 'gold-standard' measurement of sleep polysomnography. This study aimed to develop an algorithm for sleep estimation using the raw data from a thigh-worn accelerometer and to evaluate it in comparison with polysomnography. The algorithm was developed and optimised on a dataset consisting of 23 single-night polysomnography recordings, collected in a laboratory, from 15 asymptomatic adults. This optimised algorithm was then applied to a separate evaluation dataset, in which, 71 adult males (mean [SD] age 57 [11] years, height 181 [6] cm, weight 82 [13] kg) wore ambulatory polysomnography equipment and a thigh-worn accelerometer, simultaneously, whilst sleeping at home. Compared with polysomnography, the algorithm had a sensitivity of 0.84 and a specificity of 0.55 when estimating sleep periods. Sleep intervals were underestimated by 21 min (130 min, Limits of Agreement Range [LoAR]). Total sleep time was underestimated by 32 min (233 min LoAR). Our results evaluate the performance of a new algorithm for estimating sleep and outline the limitations. Based on these results, we conclude that a single device can provide estimates of the sleep interval and total sleep time with sufficient accuracy for the measurement of daily physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, on a group level in free-living settings.
|
|
| 13. |
- Lim, Eric, et al.
(författare)
-
Proceedings of the IASLC International Workshop on Advances in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors 2007
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic Oncology. - 1556-0864 .- 1556-1380. ; 3:10, s. 1194-1201
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, (IASLC) International Congress on Advances in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors was a two-day meeting held at the Royal Brompton Hospital in London, United Kingdom on the thirteenth and forteenth of December 2007. The meeting was led by 14 member international faculty-in the disciplines of pathology, surgery, medicine, oncology, endocrinology, nuclear medicine, diagnostic imaging, and biostatistics. The aims were twofold, as an educational meeting, and to develop the IASLC International Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors Registry. The meeting highlighted the difference in presentation of the tumors, management options for early and advanced stage disease including the use of novel agents and approaches. The need, process, and approach to an International Registry of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors were emphasized. International collaboration to develop a retrospective registry, prospective data collection, virtual tissue bank, and collaborative clinical trials were universally agreed as the best way to advance our understanding and treatment of these rare tumors.
|
|
| 14. |
- Ludwig, Heinz, et al.
(författare)
-
Myeloma in patients younger than age 50 years presents with more favorable features and shows better survival: an analysis of 10 549 patients from the International Myeloma Working Group
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 111:8, s. 4039-4047
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyzed the presenting features and survival in 1689 patients with multiple myeloma aged younger than 50 years compared with 8860 patients 50 years of age and older. Of the total 10 549 patients, 7765 received conventional therapy and 2784 received high-dose therapy. Young patients were more frequently male, had more favorable features such as low International Staging System (ISS) and Durle-Salmon stage as well as less frequently adverse prognostic factors including high C-reactive protein (CRIP), low hemoglobin, increased serum creartinine, and poor performance status. Survival was significantly longer in young patients (median, 5.2 years vs 3.7 years; P <.001) both after conventional (median, 4.5 years vs 3.3 years; P <.001) or high-dose therapy (median, 7.5 years vs 5.7 years; P =.04). The 10-year survival rate was 19% after conventional therapy and 43% after highdose therapy in young patients, and 8% and 29%, respectively, in older patients. Multivariate analysis revealed age as an independent risk factor during conventional therapy, but not after autologous transplantation. A total of 5 of the 10 independent risk factors identified for conventional therapy were also relevant for autologous transplantation. After adjusting for normal mortality, lower ISS stage and other favorable prognostic features seem to account for the significantly longer survival of young patients with multiple myeloma with age remaining a risk factor during conventional therapy.
|
|
| 15. |
- Ludwig, Heinz, et al.
(författare)
-
Survival and Years of Life Lost in Different Age Cohorts of Patients With Multiple Myeloma.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 28, s. 1599-1605
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To assess the impact of age on outcome and to analyze the projected years of life lost in patients with multiple myeloma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten thousand five hundred forty-nine patients were evaluated; 6,996 patients were treated with conventional chemotherapy, and 3,553 patients were treated with high-dose therapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation. RESULTS: Mean observed and relative overall survival times in the entire cohort were 3.7 and 3.9 years, respectively. Observed survival decreased steadily from 6.4 years in patients younger than age 50 years to 2.5 years in patients >/= age 80 years. A similar decrease was noted for relative survival. Higher age correlated significantly with higher International Staging System (ISS) stage. Relative excess risk of death differed significantly between 10-year age cohorts beginning from age 40 years (P < .001 for age 50 to 59 v age 40 to 49, P < .001 for age 60 to 69 v age 50 to 59, P < .001 for age 70 to 79 v age 60 to 69, and P = .009 for age >/= 80 v 70 to 79). The average years of life lost per patient was 16.8 years in the entire patient cohort and decreased steadily from 36.1 years in patients younger than 40 years old to 4.6 years in patients >/= age 80 years. CONCLUSION: Age is associated with higher ISS stage and is an important risk factor for early mortality. Survival declined continuously by each decade from age 50 to age >/= 80 from more than 6 to less than 3 years. The average of years of life lost in patients with myeloma is higher than in many other cancers and amounts to more than 30 years in patients younger than 40 years old but decreases to less than 5 years in patients age 80 years or older.
|
|
| 16. |
- Madhavan, Mahesh V, et al.
(författare)
-
Antiplatelet strategies in acute coronary syndromes: design and methodology of an international collaborative network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Minerva cardioangiologica. - 1827-1618. ; 69:4, s. 398-407
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optimal choice of oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors has the potential to significantly influence outcomes. We seek to compare the safety and efficacy of the three most commonly used oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor) in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) via a comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis.We will perform a comprehensive search for randomized clinical trials which compared cardiovascular and hemorrhagic outcomes after use of at least two of the distinct oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (i.e. clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor). In addition, key inclusion criteria will be trial size of at least 100 patients and at least 1 month of follow-up time. Several pre-specified subgroups will be explored, including Asian patients, patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, patients of advanced age, and others.Exploratory frequentist pairwise meta-analyses will be based primarily on a random-effects method, relying on relative risks (RR) for short-term endpoints and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for long-term endpoints. Inferential frequentist network meta-analysis will be based primarily on a random-effects method, relying on RR and IRR as specified above. Results will be reported as point summary of effect, 95% CI, and p-values for effect, and graphically represented using forest plots.An international collaborative network meta-analysis has begun to comprehensively analyze the safety and efficacy of prasugrel, ticagrelor and clopidogrel, each on a background of aspirin, for management of patients with ACS. It is our hope that the rigor and breadth of the undertaking described herein will provide novel insights that will inform optimal patient care for patients with ACS treated conservatively, or undergoing revascularization.
|
|
| 17. |
- Matthews, James F., et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of Cellulose I beta Simulations with Three Carbohydrate Force Fields
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1549-9618 .- 1549-9626. ; 8:2, s. 735-748
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular dynamics simulations of cellulose have recently become more prevalent due to increased interest in renewable energy applications, and many atomistic and coarse-grained force fields exist that can be applied to cellulose. However, to date no systematic comparison between carbohydrate force fields has been conducted for this important system. To that end, we present a molecular dynamics simulation study of hydrated, 36-chain cellulose I beta microfibrils at room temperature with three carbohydrate force fields (CHARMM35, GLYCAM06, and Gromos 45a4) up to the near-microsecond time scale. Our results indicate that each of these simulated microfibrils diverge from the cellulose 1 beta crystal structure to varying degrees under the conditions tested. The CHARMM35 and GLYCAM06 force fields eventually result in structures similar to those observed at 500 K with the same force fields, which are consistent with the experimentally observed high-temperature behavior of cellulose I. The third force field, Gromos 45a4, produces behavior significantly different from experiment, from the other two force fields, and from previously reported simulations with this force field using shorter simulation times and constrained periodic boundary conditions. For the GLYCAM06 force field, initial hydrogen-bond conformations and choice of electrostatic scaling factors significantly affect the rate of structural divergence. Our results suggest dramatically different time scales for convergence of properties of interest, which is important in the design of computational studies and comparisons to experimental data. This study highlights that further experimental and theoretical work is required to understand the structure of small diameter cellulose microfibrils typical of plant cellulose.
|
|
| 18. |
- Matthews, James F., et al.
(författare)
-
High-Temperature Behavior of Cellulose I
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 115:10, s. 2155-2166
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- molecular simulation to elucidate the structural behavior of small hydrated cellulose I beta microfibrils heated to 227 degrees C (500 K) with two carbohydrate force fields. In contrast to the characteristic two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded layer sheets present in the cellulose I beta crystal structure, we show that at high temperature a three-dimensional hydrogen bond network forms, made possible by hydroxymethyl groups changing conformation from trans-gauche (TG) to gauche-gauche (GG) in every second layer corresponding to "center" chains in cellulose I beta and from TG to gauche-trans (GT) in the "origin" layer. The presence of a regular three-dimensional hydrogen bond network between neighboring sheets eliminates the possibility of twist, whereas two-dimensional hydrogen bonding allows for microfibril twist to occur. Structural features of this high-temperature phase as determined by molecular simulation may explain several experimental observations for which no detailed structural basis has been offered. This includes an explanation for the observed temperature and crystal size dependence for the extent of hydrogen/deuterium exchange, and diffraction patterns of cellulose at high temperature.
|
|
| 19. |
- McCarrick, Heather, et al.
(författare)
-
The Simons Observatory Microwave SQUID Multiplexing Detector Module Design
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 922:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in cosmic microwave background (CMB) science depend on increasing the number of sensitive detectors observing the sky. New instruments deploy large arrays of superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers tiled densely into ever larger focal planes. High multiplexing factors reduce the thermal loading on the cryogenic receivers and simplify their design. We present the design of focal-plane modules with an order of magnitude higher multiplexing factor than has previously been achieved with TES bolometers. We focus on the novel cold readout component, which employs microwave SQUID multiplexing (μmux). Simons Observatory will use 49 modules containing 70,000 bolometers to make exquisitely sensitive measurements of the CMB. We validate the focal-plane module design, presenting measurements of the readout component with and without a prototype detector array of 1728 polarization-sensitive bolometers coupled to feedhorns. The readout component achieves a 95% yield and a 910 multiplexing factor. The median white noise of each readout channel is 65 pA √Hz . This impacts the projected SO mapping speed by <8%, which is less than is assumed in the sensitivity projections. The results validate the full functionality of the module. We discuss the measured performance in the context of SO science requirements, which are exceeded.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
