| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Pundziute-Lycka, A, et al.
(författare)
-
The incidence of Type I diabetes has not increased but shifted to a younger age at diagnosis in the 0-34 years group in Sweden 1983 to 1998
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 45:6, s. 783-791
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis. To analyse the incidence of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden 1983-1998. Methods. Incidence and cumulative incidence per 100 000 and Poisson regression analysis of age-period effects was carried out using 11 751 cases from two nation-wide prospective registers. Results. Incidence (95%-CI) was 21.4 (20.8-21.9) in men and 17.1 (16.6-17.5) in women between 0 and 34 years of age. In boys aged 0-14 and girls aged 0-12 years the incidence increased over time, but it tended to decrease at older age groups, especially in men. Average cumulative incidence at 35 years was 748 in men and 598 in women. Cumulative incidence in men was rather stable during four 4-year periods (736, 732, 762, 756), while in women it varied more (592, 542, 617, 631). In males aged 0-34 years, the incidence did not vary between the 4-year periods (p=0.63), but time changes among the 3-year age groups differed (p<0.001). In females the incidence between the periods varied (p<0.001), being lower in 1987-1990 compared to 1983-1986, but time changes in the age groups did not differ (p=0.08). For both sexes median age at diagnosis was higher in 1983-1986 than in 1995-1998 (p<0.001) (15.0 and 12.5 years in males, 11.9 and 10.4 in females, respectively). Conclusion/interpretation. During a 16-year period the incidence of Type I diabetes did not increase in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden, while median age at diagnosis decreased. A shift to younger age at diagnosis seems to explain the increasing incidence of childhood Type I diabetes.
|
|
| 23. |
- Pundziute-Lyckå, A, et al.
(författare)
-
The incidence of Type I diabetes has not increased but shifted to a younger age at diagnosis in the 0-34 years group in Sweden 1983-1998.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 45:6, s. 783-91
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To analyse the incidence of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden 1983-1998.METHODS: Incidence and cumulative incidence per 100 000 and Poisson regression analysis of age-period effects was carried out using 11 751 cases from two nation-wide prospective registers.RESULTS: Incidence (95%-CI) was 21.4 (20.8-21.9) in men and 17.1 (16.6-17.5) in women between 0 and 34 years of age. In boys aged 0-14 and girls aged 0-12 years the incidence increased over time, but it tended to decrease at older age groups, especially in men. Average cumulative incidence at 35 years was 748 in men and 598 in women. Cumulative incidence in men was rather stable during four 4-year periods (736, 732, 762, 756), while in women it varied more (592, 542, 617, 631). In males aged 0-34 years, the incidence did not vary between the 4-year periods ( p=0.63), but time changes among the 3-year age groups differed ( p<0.001). In females the incidence between the periods varied ( p<0.001), being lower in 1987-1990 compared to 1983-1986, but time changes in the age groups did not differ ( p=0.08). For both sexes median age at diagnosis was higher in 1983-1986 than in 1995-1998 ( p<0.001) (15.0 and 12.5 years in males; 11.9 and 10.4 in females, respectively).CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: During a 16-year period the incidence of Type I diabetes did not increase in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden, while median age at diagnosis decreased. A shift to younger age at diagnosis seems to explain the increasing incidence of childhood Type I diabetes.
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Sanjeevi, C. B., et al.
(författare)
-
Polymorphic amino acid variations in HLA-DQ are associated with systematic physical property changes and occurrence of IDDM
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 44:1, s. 125-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) insulin-dependent diabetes was studied in a large population-based investigation using genotyping of 425 new-onset patients, 0-14 years of age, and 367 matched control subjects. As many as 97% of patients compared with 75% of control subjects were positive for one or several of DQA1*0301, DQA1*0501, DQB1*0302, or DQB1*0201. Asp-57 DQB was present among 28% of patients, indicating that this residue alone does not confer protection. Combining Asp- 57 DQB1 with either Arg-52 DQA1 or Leu-69 DQA1 did not explain susceptibility or protection either. DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DQS) and DQA1*0301-DQB1*0301 (DQ7) are identical except for four amino acid substitutions in the β- chain, but DQ8 was positively (odds ratio 8.07; P < 0.001) and DQ7 negatively (odds ratio 0.38; P < 0.001) associated with the disease. Molecular modeling was used to determine whether physicochemical properties such as steric factors and surface electrostatic potentials also differ in a systematic way for various DQ molecules. Amino acids were substituted systematically at the four polymorphic sites, and the solvent-accessible surfaces and electrostatic potentials were computed for each molecule. Dramatic alterations in electrostatic potential were seen for double substitutions at position 45 (G45E) and 57 (A57D) of DQB1. The variation of physicochemical properties due to polymorphic substitutions may be significant to the mechanism of HLA-DQ association with insulin-dependent diabetes, via the effect these property variations have on peptide antigen binding selectivity and subsequent interactions with specific T-cell receptors.
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Soltesz, G, et al.
(författare)
-
Worldwide childhood type 1 diabetes incidence--what can we learn from epidemiology?
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Pediatr Diabetes. - 1399-543X. ; 8 Suppl 6, s. 6-14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 1 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes in most part of the world, although reliable data are still unavailable in several countries. Wide variations exist between the incidence rates of different populations, incidence is lowest in China and Venezuela (0.1 per 100,000 per year) and highest in Finland and Sardinia (37 per 100,000 per year). In most populations girls and boys are equally affected. In general, the incidence increases with age, the incidence peak is at puberty. After the pubertal years, the incidence rate significantly drops in young women, but remains relatively high in young adult males up to the age 29-35 years. Prospective national and large international registries (DIAMOND and EURODIAB) demonstrated an increasing trend in incidence in most regions of the world over the last few decades and increases seem to be the highest in the youngest age group. Analytical epidemiological studies have identified environmental risk factors operating early in life which might have contributed to the increasing trend in incidence. These include enteroviral infections in pregnant women, older maternal age (39-42 years), preeclampsia, cesarean section delivery, increased birthweight, early introduction of cow's milk proteins and an increased rate of postnatal growth (weight and height). Optimal vitamin D supplementation during early life has been shown to be protective. Some of these environmental risk factors such as viruses may initiate autoimmunity toward the beta cell, other exposures may put on overload on the already affected beta cell and thus accelerate the disease process.
|
|
| 28. |
- Sun, Chengjun, et al.
(författare)
-
CRYAB-650 C>G (rs2234702) affects susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and IAA-positivity in Swedish population
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Human Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0198-8859 .- 1879-1166. ; 73:7, s. 759-766
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of CRYAB gene have been associated with in multiple sclerosis. CRYAB gene, which encodes alpha B-crystallin (a member of small heat shock protein), was reported as a potential autoimmune target. In this study we investigated whether SNPs in the promoter region of CRYAB gene were also important in the etiology of Type 1 diabetes (T1D).METHODS: Genotyping of SNPs in the promoter region of CRYAB gene was performed in a Swedish cohort containing 444 T1D patients and 350 healthy controls. Three SNPs were included in this study: CRYAB-652 A>G (rs762550), -650 C>G (rs2234702) and -249 C > G (rs14133). Two SNPs (CRYAB-652 and -650) were not included in previous genome wide association studies.RESULTS: CRYAB-650 (rs2234702)*C allele was significantly more frequent in patients than in controls (OR = 1.48, Pc = 0.03). CRYAB-650*C allele was associated with IAA positivity (OR = 8.17, Pc < 0.0001) and IA-2A positivity (OR = 2.14, Pc = 0.005) in T1D patients. This association with IAA was amplified by high-risk HLA carrier state (OR = 10.6, P < 0.0001). No association was found between CRYAB-650 and other autoantibody positivity (GADA and ICA). CRYAB haplotypes were also associated with IAA and IA-2A positivity (highest OR = 2.07 and 2.11, respectively), these associations remain in high HLA-risk T1D patients.CONCLUSIONS: CRYAB-650 was associated with T1D in the Swedish cohort we studied. CRYAB-650*C allele might confers susceptibility to the development of T1D. CRYAB-650 was also associated with the development of IAA-positivity in T1D patients, especially in those carrying T1D high-risk HLA haplotypes.
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
