| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- George, Gavin, et al.
(författare)
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Greater risk for more money: the economics of negotiating condom use amongst sex workers in South Africa
- 2019
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Ingår i: AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0954-0121 .- 1360-0451. ; 31:9, s. 1168-1171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. The economics of sex work and the effect on safe sex practices remain understudied. This research contributes to a better understanding of how economic opportunity and vulnerability place sex workers (SWs) at an increased risk of STI infection. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we investigated the role of economic incentives in determining condom use among SWs. The data reveals that SWs are on average, nearly doubling their rates for condomless sex. Our findings that SWs are engaging in condomless sex to increase their earnings, illustrates the point that the context in which they operate influences condom negotiation and consequently, increases risky sexual behaviour.
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| 14. |
- Govender, Kaymarlin, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a Short Message Service (SMS) Intervention on Reduction of HIV Risk Behaviours and Improving HIV Testing Rates Among Populations located near Roadside Wellness Clinics: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique
- 2019
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Ingår i: AIDS and behavior. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-3254 .- 1090-7165. ; 23:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Short Message Service (SMS) offers an innovative method of promoting sexual health to key and vulnerable populations who are users of mobile phones and are at high risk of HIV infection. This cluster randomised control trial tests the effectiveness of a SMS intervention in reducing HIV risk behaviours and improving HIV testing behaviours among truck drivers, sex workers and community residents located near Roadside Wellness Clinics (RWCs) in three southern African countries. The SMS arm received 35 HIV risk reduction and HIV testing SMSs over a 6-month period. The SMS intervention had no significant impact on sexual risk behaviours. However, participants in the SMS arm were more likely to have tested for HIV in the previous 6 months (86.1% vs. 77.7%; AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.11-2.66). The results indicate that the general SMS intervention, which provide health promoting information, improved HIV testing rates in key and vulnerable populations in southern Africa.
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| 15. |
- Lindskog, Annika, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection in sub-Saharan Africa
- 2015
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Ingår i: World Development. - : Elsevier BV. - 0305-750X .- 1873-5991. ; 72, s. 27-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV among married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa. We find a strong association, and that it is primarily due to higher HIV risk among violent men; neither women's decreased ability to protect themselves from HIV within marriage, nor their risky sexual behavior, explains the link. Thus, it is not violence per se that spreads HIV, but that violent men are more likely to become HIV positive and then infect their wives. Programs that aim at reducing HIV by eliminating IPV should therefore also focus on men's risky sexual behavior. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 16. |
- Lindskog, Annika, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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To educate a woman and to educate a man: Gender-specific sexual behaviour and HIV responses to an education reform in Botswana
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Education has been suggested as a ‘vaccine’ against HIV infection, but there is not much causal evidence behind this claim. Moreover, the few studies that exist on the impact of education on HIV infection and related outcomes have focused mostly on women, despite the fact that there are reasons to expect the responses of women and men to differ. This study analyses mechanisms that link education to HIV with a focus on gender differences, using data from four nationally representative surveys in Botswana. To estimate the casual effect, an exogenous one-year increase of junior secondary school is used, which in previous studies has been found to reduce HIV infection rates and increase incomes. The key finding is that women and men responded differently to the reform. It led to delayed sexual debut by up to a year among women and an increase in risky sex among men, measured by number of concurrent sexual partnerships and the likelihood of paying for sex. The increase in risky sex among men is likely to be due to the reform’s positive impact on income. The school reform reduced the likelihood of HIV infection among women, but had no statistically significant impact on this variable among men.
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