| 21. |
- Ahmed, Fozia, et al.
(författare)
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ESR2 expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is related to body fat distribution in women, and knockdown impairs preadipocyte differentiation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Adipocyte. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2162-3945 .- 2162-397X. ; 11:1, s. 434-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) expression has been shown to be higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women. The functional significance of altered ESR2 expression is not fully known. This study investigates the role of ESR2 for adipose tissue lipid and glucose metabolism. SAT biopsies were obtained from 44 female subjects with or without T2D. Gene expression of ESR2 and markers of adipose function and metabolism was assessed. ESR2 knockdown was performed using CRISPR/Cas9 in preadipocytes isolated from SAT of females, and differentiation rate, lipid storage, and glucose uptake were measured. ESR2 expression was inversely correlated with measures of central obesity and expression of some fatty acid oxidation markers, and positively correlated with lipid storage and glucose transport markers. Differentiation was reduced in ESR2 knockdown preadipocytes. This corresponded to reduced expression of markers of differentiation and lipogenesis. Glucose uptake was reduced in knockdown adipocytes. Our results indicate that ESR2 deficiency in women is associated with visceral adiposity and impaired subcutaneous adipocyte differentiation as well as glucose and lipid utilization. High ESR2 expression, as seen after menopause, could be a contributing factor to SAT expansion. This may support a possible target to promote a healthy obesity phenotype.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Barbosa, Plinio A, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-linguistic similarities and differences of lexical stress realisation in Swedish and Brazilian Portuguese
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nordic Prosody Proceedings of the XIth Conference, Tartu 2012 ; Peter Lang Verlag. - 9783631644270 ; , s. 97-106
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work aims at characterising and comparing acoustic correlates of lexical stress in Swedish and Brazilian Portuguese (BP). For doing so, a parallel corpus was recorded in three speaking styles (spontaneous, read phrases and read words) with 10 subjects in each language. In both languages duration, F0 standard-deviation and spectral emphasis values for vowels tend to be higher in comparison with unstressed position. These parameters are also robust across styles. F0 standard-deviation is more effective in distinguishing stress levels in Swedish than in BP.
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| 25. |
- Barbosa, Plino A, et al.
(författare)
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On the Robustness of some Acoustic Parameters for Signalling Word Stress across Styles in Brazilian Portuguese
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Interspeech 2013 ed. by F. Bimbot, C. Cerisara, C. Fougeron, G. Gravier, L. Lamel, F. Pellegrino, and P. Perrier. - 2308-457X. ; , s. 282-286
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work aims at examining three classes of acoustic correlates of lexical stress in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) in three speaking styles: informal interview, phrase reading and word list reading. In the framework of an international collaboration, a parallel corpus was recorded in the three speaking styles with 10 subjects so far in each one of the following languages: Swedish, English, French, Italian, Estonian and BP. In BP, duration, F0 standard-deviation and spectral emphasis values for stressed vowels tend to be higher in comparison with vowel acoustic parameters in unstressed position. These three parameters are robust across styles, especially vowel duration, for which circa 50 % of the variance is explained by stress and speaking style factors. The parameters pattern according to stress level is very similar between interview and phrase reading styles, which points to a similar effectiveness of reading and spontaneous styles in uncovering the word stress acoustic correlates in BP.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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| 28. |
- Boersma, Greta J., et al.
(författare)
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Altered Glucose Uptake in Muscle, Visceral Adipose Tissue, and Brain Predict Whole-Body Insulin Resistance and may Contribute to the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A Combined PET/MR Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Hormone and Metabolic Research. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0018-5043 .- 1439-4286. ; 50:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assessed glucose uptake in different tissues in type 2 diabetes (T2D), prediabetes, and control subjects to elucidate its impact in the development of whole-body insulin resistance and T2D. Thirteen T2D, 12 prediabetes, and 10 control subjects, matched for age and BMI, underwent OGTT and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies. Integrated whole-body 18F-FDG PET and MRI were performed during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to asses glucose uptake rate (MRglu) in several tissues. MRglu in skeletal muscle, SAT, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and liver was significantly reduced in T2D subjects and correlated positively with M-values (r = 0.884, r = 0.574, r = 0.707 and r = 0.403, respectively). Brain MRglu was significantly higher in T2D and prediabetes subjects and had a significant inverse correlation with M-values (r = -0.616). Myocardial MRglu did not differ between groups and did not correlate with the M-values. A multivariate model including skeletal muscle, brain and VAT MRglu best predicted the M-values (adjusted r2 = 0.85). In addition, SAT MRglu correlated with SAT glucose uptake ex vivo (r = 0.491). In different stages of the development of T2D, glucose uptake during hyperinsulinemia is elevated in the brain in parallel with an impairment in peripheral organs. Impaired glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and VAT together with elevated glucose uptake in brain were independently associated with whole-body insulin resistance, and these tissue-specific alterations may contribute to T2D development.
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