| 81. |
- Randell, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Pride, shame and health among adolescents – a cross-sectional survey
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0334-0139 .- 2191-0278. ; 30:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundPride and shame are important emotions known to influence identity development and psychological well-being in adolescence. Research evidence indicates that self-rated health (SRH) is a strong predictor of future health. This cross-sectional study, conducted during 2008–2009, aimed to investigate the associations between pride, shame and SRH among adolescent boys and girls.MethodsThe study sample comprised 705 adolescents in Sweden aged 17–18 years (318 boys and 387 girls) who completed a questionnaire that included items on SRH, shame and pride (participation rate 67%). Logistic regression analyses (univariable and multivariable) were used to investigate the associations between pride and shame as separate and combined constructs on SRH, adjusting for potential confounders (country of birth, parental educational level, school experience, having enough friends, mood in family and being active in associations).ResultsPride and shame separately were significantly associated with SRH in both genders. Logistic regression analysis of the pride-shame model showed that the odds of having lower SRH were highest in boys and girls with lower pride-higher shame. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis of the pride-shame model the odds of having lower SRH remained significant in boys and girls with lower pride-higher shame [boys: odds ratio (OR) 3.51, confidence interval (CI) 1.40–8.81; girls: OR 2.70, CI 1.22–5.96] and in girls with lower pride-lower shame (OR 2.16, CI 1.02–4.56).ConclusionThe emotions of shame and pride are associated with SRH in adolescence. Experiencing pride seems to serve as a protective mechanism in SRH in adolescents exposed to shame. We believe that this knowledge should be useful in adolescent health promotion.
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| 82. |
- Randell, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Tough, sensitive and sincere : how adolescent boys manage masculinities and emotions
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Adolescence and Youth. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0267-3843 .- 2164-4527. ; 21:4, s. 486-498
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aimed to explore adolescent boys’ views of masculinity and emotion management and their potential effects on well-being. Interviews with 33 adolescent boys aged 16–17 years in Sweden were analysed using grounded theory. We found two main categories of masculine conceptions in adolescent boys: gender-normative masculinity with emphasis on group-based values, and non-gender-normative masculinity based on personal values. Gender-normative masculinity comprised two seemingly opposite emotional masculinity orientations, one towards toughness and the other towards sensitivity, both of which were highly influenced by contextual and situational group norms and demands, despite their expressions contrasting each other. Non-gender-normative masculinity included an orientation towards sincerity emphasising the personal values of the boys; emotions were expressed more independently of peer group norms. Our findings suggest that different masculinities and the expression of emotions are strongly intertwined and that managing emotions is vital for well-being.
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| 83. |
- Randell, Eva, et al.
(author)
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What is health and what is important for its achievement? : A qualitative study on adolescent boys’ perceptions and experiences of health
- 2016
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In: Open Nursing Journal. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1874-4346. ; 10, s. 26-35
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Few qualitative studies have explored adolescent boys’ perceptions of health.Aim: The aim of this study was therefore to explore how adolescent boys understand the concept of health and what they find important for its achievementMethods: Grounded theory was used as a method to analyse interviews with 33 adolescent boys aged 16 to 17 years attending three upper secondary schools in a relatively small town in Sweden.Results: There was a complexity in how health was perceived, experienced, dealt with, and valued. Although health on a conceptual level was described as ‘holistic’, health was experienced and dealt with in a more dualistic manner, one in which the boys were prone to differentiate between mind and body. Health was experienced as mainly emotional and relational, whereas the body had a subordinate value. The presence of positive emotions, experiencing self-esteem, balance in life, trustful relationships, and having a sense of belonging were important factors for health while the body was experienced as a tool to achieve health, as energy, and as a condition.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that young, masculine health is largely experienced through emotions and relationships and thus support theories on health as a social construction of interconnected processes.
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| 84. |
- Saade, Sandra, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Parental experiences and breastfeeding outcomes of early support to new parents from family health care centres-a mixed method study
- 2022
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In: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Early parenthood is a sensitive period for parents. Parents may feel uncertain about their new roles and unsure about where to find trusted information and support. The aim of this study was to explore the association between breastfeeding and early home visits and a proactive telephone support intervention and to describe parental experiences. Method This study was conducted as a mixed method study with a convergent design using qualitative data from the written comments of parents, and the quantitative data consisted of demographics, breastfeeding, and Likert questions about parents' satisfaction with the early home visit and telephone support. Historic control (2017-2018) and intervention (2019-2020) data were collected from one family health care centre, and control (2019-2020) data were collected from another family health care centre. Results In total, 838 infants, 42 mothers and 38 fathers contributed to the data in the study. The intervention group had a statistically significantly earlier home visit than the control groups. Early home visits and proactive telephone support to parents with newborn infants were not associated with breastfeeding outcomes up to six months after birth, but we could not exclude the possibility that this was a consequence of our observational study design. However, the early home visit was appreciated by the parents where they received both practical and emotional support. Conclusions Although the intervention was not associated with breastfeeding, the parents appreciated the service. This shows the importance of continuing to investigate how and which support parents of newborn infants need and the effects of such support, including interventions to provide optimal support to facilitate continued breastfeeding.
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| 85. |
- Sahlén Helmer, Charlotte, 1971-
(author)
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Interaction between preterm infants and their parents : Studies of early interventions in neonatal care
- 2024
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background Preterm birth negatively affects infant well-being and development. A well-functioning parent-infant interaction can mitigate the risk of preterm birth on infant development. However, parent-infant interaction is often disrupted after preterm birth because of organizational factors in care, infants’ immature interaction cues, and maternal health problems. Different interventions supporting parental-infant interaction exist, but only a few target support for interaction between preterm infants born at gestational week 30-36 and their parents. Thus, an early, feasible and effective intervention that supports the preterm infant and the parents in the neonatal intensive care unit was needed. Aim The overall aim of the thesis was two-fold; first to evaluate the early intervention skin-to-skin contact on mother-infant interaction; and second, to develop a new intervention, the Early Collaborative Intervention (EACI), to explore how mothers’ experience the new intervention, and to study its effects on mother-infant interaction. Methods Study I was a randomized controlled trial with two groups. Families were randomly assigned to either continuous or intermittent skin-to-skin con-tact directly after birth. Mother-infant interaction was video recorded when the infant was four months corrected age during a Still face procedure. The interaction was later scored using two different instruments, the Ains-worth’s Maternal Sensitivity Scales and the Maternal Sensitivity and Responsivity Scale. Furthermore, the dose-response relationship between time in skin-to-skin contact and interaction quality was calculated. Study II had a descriptive design where the rationale, development, frame-work, and practical provision of the EACI program was described. Study III had a qualitative design. Mothers were interviewed about their experiences of the EACI. Data were analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis. Study IV was a randomized controlled trial with two groups. Families were randomly assigned to either the EACI or standard care. The intervention started within three days after birth. Mother-infant interaction was video recorded when the infant was one month corrected age during a bathing session. The interaction was later scored using two different instruments, the Ainsworth’s Maternal Sensitivity Scales, and the Emotional Availability system. Intention to treat and per protocol analysis were calculated as three sessions were considered the minimum required to detect a difference. Results Study I showed no significant differences in maternal interaction behavior between the groups randomized to continuous skin-to-skin contact or intermittent skin-to-skin contact. Dose-response calculations between time in skin-to-skin-contact and interaction quality showed no correlations. In Study II, the theoretical framework of the EACI was based on the attachment theory, the assessment of infant behavior described by Brazelton, and psychoeducational theory. The rationale was to provide tailored early support that improved parent-infant interaction and thereby optimized infant well-being and development. The intervention was developed by a core group in the neonatal intensive care unit at Crown Princess Victoria Children’s Hospital. It was a three-session intervention, provided during an ordinary care procedure with instant provider feedback and hands on guidance during active parental involvement. Two sessions were provided at the hospital, and one after discharge in the home of the family. In Study III two main themes were constructed, “mothers feelings evoked from the Early Collaborative Intervention” and “based on the preterm baby’s behavior”. The mothers experienced the intervention as helpful for their interaction with the infant and for them to see their infant as an individual. The per protocol analysis in Study IV showed that the intervention group had significantly higher mean scores in the Availability, Acceptance and Non-hostility subscales, indicating a more well-functioning interaction. Conclusion Continuous SSC was not superior to intermittent SSC for improving maternal interactive behavior. In contrast, the Early Collaborative Intervention, improved maternal interactive behavior if all three sessions of the intervention were provided. This was also confirmed in the interviews, in which the mothers described the intervention as helpful for their interactive behavior with their preterm infants.
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| 86. |
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| 87. |
- Schmöker, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Longitudinal cohort study reveals different patterns of stress in parents of preterm infants during the first year after birth
- 2020
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 109:9, s. 1778-1786
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To compare experiences of stress in mothers and fathers of preterm infants during the first year of life, assess changes in parental stress and explore potential predictors of parental stress.Methods: Between 2013 and 2015, data on parental stress were collected at 8 weeks after discharge and at 6 and 12 months postpartum from 493 mothers and 329 fathers of 547 preterm infants in Sweden. The Swedish Parenting Stress Questionnaire was used as a secondary outcome in a randomised clinical trial of breastfeeding support.Results: At the three time points, mothers perceived more role restriction and fathers more social isolation (p<0.001). Stress decreased in mothers during the first year (p=0.018), whereas stress increased in fathers between 6 and 12 months (p=0.048). Mothers of very preterm infants (p=0.024), parents of twins (p=0.038) and parents with lower perceived general health (p=0.003) reported higher levels of stress during the first year after birth.Conclusion: This study identified several factors that influenced parental stress. Mothers and fathers showed different patterns of stress levels during the first year after birth. This finding indicates different needs for mothers and fathers regarding the time at which parental support after discharge might be most beneficial.
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| 88. |
- Schmöker, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Needs and Perceptions Relative to Emotional Support in Parents With Preterm Infants.
- 2021
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In: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing. - 0893-2190 .- 1550-5073.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives of this study were to explore parents' needs for emotional support and how such support could be best delivered during admittance to a neonatal unit. This study took place at 6 neonatal units in Sweden. Forty-two semistructured interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis: 26 individual telephone interviews with mothers of preterm infants 6 to 10 months after discharge and 16 face-to-face interviews with parents of preterm infants admitted to neonatal units. The main category to emerge was needs and preferences for emotional support, which consisted of 2 generic categories: emotional needs and preferences for potential support interventions. Emotional needs define the importance of comprehending the new situation, finding meaning, and managing the situation through resources. Preferences for potential support interventions identify possible ways to deliver emotional support in the form of parental PhD group, diary writing, professional counseling, and Internet support. The results highlight the importance of supporting parents' sense of coherence in their situation and parenthood by offering different interventions according to parent preferences. Parental groups could serve as a keystone for emotional support with the possibility to combine with other support mechanisms.
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| 89. |
- Schmöker, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Needs and Perceptions Relative to Emotional Support in Parents With Preterm Infants
- 2021
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In: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0893-2190 .- 1550-5073. ; , s. 1-9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives of this study were to explore parents’ needs for emotional support and how such support could be best delivered during admittance to a neonatal unit. This study took place at 6 neonatal units in Sweden. Forty-two semistructured interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis: 26 individual telephone interviews with mothers of preterm infants 6 to 10 months after discharge and 16 face-to-face interviews with parents of preterm infants admitted to neonatal units. The main category to emerge was needs and preferences for emotional support, which consisted of 2 generic categories: emotional needs and preferences for potential support interventions. Emotional needs define the importance of comprehending the new situation, finding meaning, and managing the situation through resources. Preferences for potential support interventions identify possible ways to deliver emotional support in the form of parental PhD group, diary writing, professional counseling, and Internet support. The results highlight the importance of supporting parents’ sense of coherence in their situation and parenthood by offering different interventions according to parent preferences. Parental groups could serve as a keystone for emotional support with the possibility to combine with other support mechanisms.
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| 90. |
- Tandberg, Bente Silnes, et al.
(author)
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Parent-infant closeness, parents' participation, and nursing support in single-family room and open bay NICUs
- 2018
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In: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing. - 0893-2190 .- 1550-5073. ; 32:4, s. E22-E32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This was a prospective survey study, comparing parent-infant closeness, parents' perceptions of nursing support, and participation in medical rounds in single-family room (SFR) and an open bay (OB) neonatal intensive care units. Nurses' assessments of provided support were also measured. In total, 115 parents of 64 preterm infants less than 35 weeks' gestational age and 129 nurses participated. Parents recorded the presence and skin-to-skin care. Parents were sent 9 text message questions in random order. Nurses answered corresponding Internet-based questions. SFR mothers were more present, 20 hours daily (median) versus 7 hours (P < .001), initiated skin-to-skin contact (SSC) at 4 versus 12 hours (P = .03), and preformed SSC 180 min/24 h versus 120 min/24 h for mothers in the OB unit (P = .02). SFR fathers were also more present, 8 versus 4 hours (P < .001), initiated SSC at 3 versus 40 hours (P = .004), and performed SSC 67 min/24 h versus 31 min/24 h (P = .05). SFR parents rated participation in medical rounds and emotional support higher than OB parents. Parental trust was rated higher by nurses in the OB unit (P = .02). SFR facilitated parent-infant closeness, parents' participation in medical rounds, and increased support from nurses.
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