| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Guo, Peng Fei, et al.
(författare)
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Iron-chelated thermoresponsive polymer brushes on bismuth titanate nanosheets for metal affinity separation of phosphoproteins
- 2020
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-7765. ; 196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Separation of phosphoproteins plays an important role for identification of biomarkers in life science. In this work, bismuth titanate supported, iron-chelated thermoresponsive polymer brushes were prepared for selective separation of phosphoproteins. The iron-chelated thermoresponsive polymer brushes were synthesized by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide and glycidyl methacrylate, followed by a ring opening reaction of epoxy group, and chelation of the obtained cis-diols with Fe3+ ions. The composite material was characterized to determine the size and thickness, the content of the organic polymer and the metal loading. The bismuth titanate supported, iron-chelated thermoresponsive polymer brushes showed selective binding for phosphoproteins in the presence of abundant interfering proteins, and a high binding capacity for phosphoproteins by virtue of the metal affinity between the metal ions on the polymer brushes and the phosphate groups in the phosphoproteins (664 mg β-Casein per g sorbent). The thermoresponsive property of the polymer brushes made it possible to adjust phosphoprotein binding by changing temperature. Finally, separation of phosphoproteins from a complex biological sample (i.e. milk) was demonstrated using the nanosheet-supported thermoresponsive polymer brushes.
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| 13. |
- Huyghe, Jeroen R., et al.
(författare)
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Discovery of common and rare genetic risk variants for colorectal cancer
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:1, s. 76-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To further dissect the genetic architecture of colorectal cancer (CRC), we performed whole-genome sequencing of 1,439 cases and 720 controls, imputed discovered sequence variants and Haplotype Reference Consortium panel variants into genome-wide association study data, and tested for association in 34,869 cases and 29,051 controls. Findings were followed up in an additional 23,262 cases and 38,296 controls. We discovered a strongly protective 0.3% frequency variant signal at CHD1. In a combined meta-analysis of 125,478 individuals, we identified 40 new independent signals at P < 5 x 10(-8), bringing the number of known independent signals for CRC to similar to 100. New signals implicate lower-frequency variants, Kruppel-like factors, Hedgehog signaling, Hippo-YAP signaling, long noncoding RNAs and somatic drivers, and support a role for immune function. Heritability analyses suggest that CRC risk is highly polygenic, and larger, more comprehensive studies enabling rare variant analysis will improve understanding of biology underlying this risk and influence personalized screening strategies and drug development.
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| 14. |
- Jiang, Wenyu, et al.
(författare)
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Resolving Quantum Interference Black Box through Attosecond Photoionization Spectroscopy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007. ; 131:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiphoton light-matter interactions invoke a so-called "black box"in which the experimental observations contain the quantum interference between multiple pathways. Here, we employ polarization-controlled attosecond photoelectron metrology with a partial wave manipulator to deduce the pathway interference within this quantum 'black box"for the two-photon ionization of neon atoms. The angle-dependent and attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectra are measured across a broad energy range. Two-photon phase shifts for each partial wave are reconstructed through the comprehensive analysis of these photoelectron spectra. We resolve the quantum interference between the degenerate p→d→p and p→s→p two-photon ionization pathways, in agreement with our theoretical simulations. Our approach thus provides an attosecond time-resolved microscope to look inside the "black box"of pathway interference in ultrafast dynamics of atoms, molecules, and condensed matter.
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| 15. |
- Lin, Dongxu, et al.
(författare)
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Construction of an Iodine Diffusion Barrier Using Network Structure Silicone Resin for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 13:7, s. 8138-8146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term stability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is inhibited by ion diffusion. Herein, we introduce a thermally stable and hydrophobic silicone resin layer with a network structure as an interfacial layer between the perovskite and the hole-transporting layer ( HTL). Experimental and theoretical investigations confirm that the small Si-O-Si unit in the network forms both Si-I and Pb-O bonds with the perovskite surface, which physically and chemically inhibit the diffusion and self-release of iodine. Besides, the silicone resin layer suppresses the thermal crystallization of spiro-OMeTAD and optimizes the interfacial energy level alignment for hole extraction. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a perovskite solar cell with a silicone resin layer is improved to 21.11%. The device maintains more than 90.1% of its original PCE after 1200 h under 85 degrees C thermal stress, 99.6% after 2000 h under RH similar to 55 +/- 5%, and 83% of its original PCE after light soaking in air for 1037 h.
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| 16. |
- Schmit, Stephanie L, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Common Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Cancer.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 111:2, s. 146-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 42 loci (P < 5 × 10-8) associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Expanded consortium efforts facilitating the discovery of additional susceptibility loci may capture unexplained familial risk.Methods: We conducted a GWAS in European descent CRC cases and control subjects using a discovery-replication design, followed by examination of novel findings in a multiethnic sample (cumulative n = 163 315). In the discovery stage (36 948 case subjects/30 864 control subjects), we identified genetic variants with a minor allele frequency of 1% or greater associated with risk of CRC using logistic regression followed by a fixed-effects inverse variance weighted meta-analysis. All novel independent variants reaching genome-wide statistical significance (two-sided P < 5 × 10-8) were tested for replication in separate European ancestry samples (12 952 case subjects/48 383 control subjects). Next, we examined the generalizability of discovered variants in East Asians, African Americans, and Hispanics (12 085 case subjects/22 083 control subjects). Finally, we examined the contributions of novel risk variants to familial relative risk and examined the prediction capabilities of a polygenic risk score. All statistical tests were two-sided.Results: The discovery GWAS identified 11 variants associated with CRC at P < 5 × 10-8, of which nine (at 4q22.2/5p15.33/5p13.1/6p21.31/6p12.1/10q11.23/12q24.21/16q24.1/20q13.13) independently replicated at a P value of less than .05. Multiethnic follow-up supported the generalizability of discovery findings. These results demonstrated a 14.7% increase in familial relative risk explained by common risk alleles from 10.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.9% to 13.7%; known variants) to 11.9% (95% CI = 9.2% to 15.5%; known and novel variants). A polygenic risk score identified 4.3% of the population at an odds ratio for developing CRC of at least 2.0.Conclusions: This study provides insight into the architecture of common genetic variation contributing to CRC etiology and improves risk prediction for individualized screening.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Sun, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Leaf pigment retrieval using the PROSAIL model : Influence of uncertainty in prior canopy-structure information
- 2022
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Ingår i: Crop Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 2095-5421 .- 2214-5141. ; 10:5, s. 1251-1263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leaf pigments are critical indicators of plant photosynthesis, stress, and physiological conditions. Inversion of radiative transfer models (RTMs) is a promising method for robustly retrieving leaf biochemical traits from canopy observations, and adding prior information has been effective in alleviating the “ill-posed” problem, a major challenge in model inversion. Canopy structure parameters, such as leaf area index (LAI) and average leaf inclination angle (ALA), can serve as prior information for leaf pigment retrieval. Using canopy spectra simulated from the PROSAIL model, we estimated the effects of uncertainty in LAI and ALA used as prior information for lookup table-based inversions of leaf chlorophyll (Cab) and carotenoid (Car). The retrieval accuracies of the two pigments were increased by use of the priors of LAI (RMSE of Cab from 7.67 to 6.32 μg cm−2, Car from 2.41 to 2.28 μg cm−2) and ALA (RMSE of Cab from 7.67 to 5.72 μg cm−2, Car from 2.41 to 2.23 μg cm−2). However, this improvement deteriorated with an increase of additive and multiplicative uncertainties, and when 40% and 20% noise was added to LAI and ALA respectively, these priors ceased to increase retrieval accuracy. Validation using an experimental winter wheat dataset also showed that compared with Car, the estimation accuracy of Cab increased more or deteriorated less with uncertainty in prior canopy structure. This study demonstrates possible limitations of using prior information in RTM inversions for retrieval of leaf biochemistry, when large uncertainties are present.
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| 19. |
- Tian, Hongxiang, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating EYM amplitudes in four dimensions by refined graphic expansion
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Nature. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recursive expansion of tree level multitrace Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) amplitudes induces a refined graphic expansion, by which any tree-level EYM amplitude can be expressed as a summation over all possible refined graphs. Each graph contributes a unique coefficient as well as a proper combination of color-ordered Yang-Mills (YM) amplitudes. This expansion allows one to evaluate EYM amplitudes through YM amplitudes, the latter have much simpler structures in four dimensions than the former. In this paper, we classify the refined graphs for the expansion of EYM amplitudes into N k MHV sectors. Amplitudes in four dimensions, which involve k + 2 negative-helicity particles, at most get non-vanishing contribution from graphs in N k′ (k′ ≤ k) MHV sectors. By the help of this classification, we evaluate the non-vanishing amplitudes with two negative-helicity particles in four dimensions. We establish a correspondence between the refined graphs for single-trace amplitudes with (g−i,g−j) or (h−i,g−j) configuration and the spanning forests of the known Hodges determinant form. Inspired by this correspondence, we further propose a symmetric formula of double-trace amplitudes with (g−i,g−j) configuration. By analyzing the cancellation between refined graphs in four dimensions, we prove that any other tree amplitude with two negative-helicity particles has to vanish.
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| 20. |
- Zhang, Zhi, et al.
(författare)
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Legal Framework of Urban Underground Space in China
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 12:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The booming of three-dimensional (3D) land use brings a change of the connotation of land rights, which will expand “flat” 2D land legislation with 3D land legislation. The legal issues of urban underground space for 3D objects in large cities around the world have been attracting more and more attention. A supportive legal framework is crucial for underground space utilization in a country. This paper analyzes the present 173 representative laws and regulations of urban underground space utilization and management of China from 1998 to 2018, and attempts to interpret the current laws and regulations of underground space from four aspects; by quantity, spatial distribution, legislative force and content. The result shows that poor legal framework of urban underground space in China, including low-level of legislative force, disunity of local legislation standard and absence of special statutes and regulations, are the main reasons causing ownership disputation, registration chaos, as well as no unanimous judicial practice. To address these issues, the paper refers to a case study for underground space legal framework in Japan and aims to form a set of top-down unified legal framework, including basic law, special statutes and regulations, as well as supplementary policies and documents of urban underground space, and proposes that the underground space planning should be incorporated as one essential portion of the master planning in China. By studying the legal system of underground space in Japan and China, this study may offer better insight for those conducting UUS legal framework research as well as serve as reference for countries with similar legal issues.
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