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Sökning: WFRF:(Gong Yan)

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221.
  • Yan, J. Y., et al. (författare)
  • Wavelength tuning of InAs quantum dot laser by micromirror device
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Crystal Growth. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0248. ; 425, s. 373-375
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We report on the InAs quantum dot (QD) external cavity laser (ECL) using a digital mirror device (DMD) as the key component for wavelength tuning. The InAs QD laser diode was grown by gas source molecular-beam epitaxy, which had a broad gain profile. Single mode operation was achieved with the side mode suppression ratio of 21 dB when the optical feedback was provided by a mirror pattern consisting of 9 micromirrors. Moreover, two-color lasing was demonstrated with two laser lines having frequency difference in the THz range. The incorporation of DMD in the ECL enables great flexibility and many unique features, such as high tuning speed independent of the tuning step, two-color or multicolor lasing, and adjustable intensity for individual laser lines. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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222.
  • Yan, Xia, et al. (författare)
  • Heparanase Modulation of Early Growth Response Gene Expression
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Zoological Science. - : Zoological Society of Japan. - 0289-0003 .- 2212-3830. ; 28:3, s. 189-194
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Heparan sulfate (HS), a polysaccharide ubiquitously expressed in animals, is essential for development and homeostasis. Degradation of HS by heparanase, an endoglucuronidase, may affect pathophysiological function. Expression of the heparanase gene has been found elevated in a number of pathological conditions. The goal of this work was to investigate the impact of heparanase on expression of other genes. DNA microarray analysis revealed that 1, 042 genes in the cortex and 1,039 genes in the thalamus are up-or down-regulated more than 2-fold in mouse brain over-expresssing human heparanase. Of these genes, two of the early growth response genes, Egr1 and Egr2, are substantially upregulated in the cortex, but essentially unchanged in the thalamus. RTPCR analysis demonstrated a significant increase of Egr2, but a minor increase of Egr1, in human embryonic kidney cells stably overexpressing heparanase. The upregulated expression of Egr genes is also observed in hepatoma cells with upregulated expression of heparanase. Earlier studies reported that Egr1 induced heparanase expression; our findings suggest a possible reciprocal regulation of Egr and heparanase expression. Furthermore, overexpression of heparanase influenced expression of most genes involved in heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis, albeit to a different degree in the cortex and thalamus of the transgenic mice.
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223.
  • Yan, Xiaoyu, et al. (författare)
  • MCC950 Ameliorates Diabetic Muscle Atrophy in Mice by Inhibition of Pyroptosis and Its Synergistic Effect with Aerobic Exercise
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Molecules. - 1420-3049. ; 29:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Diabetic muscle atrophy is an inflammation-related complication of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Even though regular exercise prevents further deterioration of atrophic status, there is no effective mediator available for treatment and the underlying cellular mechanisms are less explored. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of MCC950, a specific, small-molecule inhibitor of NLRP3, to treat pyroptosis and diabetic muscle atrophy in mice. Furthermore, we used MCC950 to intervene in the protective effects of aerobic exercise against muscle atrophy in diabetic mice. Blood and gastrocnemius muscle (GAS) samples were collected after 12 weeks of intervention and the atrophic state was assessed. We initially corroborated a diabetic muscle atrophy phenotype in db/db mice (D) by comparison with control m/m mice (W) by examining parameters such as fasting blood glucose (D vs. W: 24.47 ± 0.45 mmol L−1 vs. 4.26 ± 0.6 mmol L−1, p < 0.05), grip strength (D vs. W: 166.87 ± 15.19 g vs. 191.76 ± 14.13 g, p < 0.05), exercise time (D vs. W: 1082.38 ± 104.67 s vs. 1716 ± 168.55 s, p < 0.05) and exercise speed to exhaustion (D vs. W: 24.25 ± 2.12 m min−1 vs. 34.75 ± 2.66 m min−1, p < 0.05), GAS wet weight (D vs. W: 0.07 ± 0.01 g vs. 0.13 ± 0.01 g, p < 0.05), the ratio of GAS wet weight to body weight (D vs. W: 0.18 ± 0.01% vs. 0.54 ± 0.02%, p < 0.05), and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA) (D vs. W: 1875 ± 368.19 µm2 vs. 2747.83 ± 406.44 µm2, p < 0.05). We found that both MCC950 (10 mg kg−1) treatment and exercise improved the atrophic parameters that had deteriorated in the db/db mice, inhibited serum inflammatory markers and significantly attenuated pyroptosis in atrophic GAS. In addition, a combined MCC950 treatment with exercise (DEI) exhibited a further improvement in glucose uptake capacity and muscle performance. This combined treatment also improved the FCSA of GAS muscle indicated by Laminin immunofluorescence compared to the group with the inhibitor treatment alone (DI) (DEI vs. DI: 2597 ± 310.97 vs. 1974.67 ± 326.15 µm2, p < 0.05) or exercise only (DE) (DEI vs. DE: 2597 ± 310.97 vs. 2006.33 ± 263.468 µm2, p < 0.05). Intriguingly, the combination of MCC950 treatment and exercise significantly reduced NLRP3-mediated inflammatory factors such as cleaved-Caspase-1, GSDMD-N and prevented apoptosis and pyroptosis in atrophic GAS. These findings for the first time demonstrate that targeting NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis with MCC950 improves diabetic muscle homeostasis and muscle function. We also report that inhibiting pyroptosis by MCC950 can enhance the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on diabetic muscle atrophy. Since T2DM and muscle atrophy are age-related diseases, the young mice used in the current study do not seem to fully reflect the characteristics of diabetic muscle atrophy. Considering the fragile nature of db/db mice and for the complete implementation of the exercise intervention, we used relatively young db/db mice and the atrophic state in the mice was thoroughly confirmed. Taken together, the current study comprehensively investigated the therapeutic effect of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis inhibited by MCC950 on diabetic muscle mass, strength and exercise performance, as well as the synergistic effects of MCC950 and exercise intervention, therefore providing a novel strategy for the treatment of the disease.
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224.
  • Yang, M., et al. (författare)
  • Analysis of eddy viscosity models in predicting flow field of high-speed water jet
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Nongye Jixie Xuebao. - 1000-1298. ; 45:7, s. 306-312
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Three commonly used two-equation turbulence models were adopted. The computed velocity field was compared with the data from corresponding laser Doppler anemometer measurement to analyze the accuracy of these models. By adjusting the model parameters, the simulation data can fit into the experimental result. The optimal viscosity coefficients Cμ in these used eddy viscosity models were presented. It is shown that the RNG k-ε model is more sensitive to Cμ, while the results from Standard k-ε model vary almost linearly with the change of the Cμ value. Study on the simulated flow field gives that if the peak of turbulence kinetic energy appears within the radial span, it will affect the velocity distribution along the jet axis; otherwise, it will modify the velocity magnitude. The proposed numerical scheme reduces the physical complexities involved in ultra-high pressure injection process so that it can be applied to archive fast production from relevant CAE workflow.
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225.
  • Yang, M., et al. (författare)
  • Instability and interfacial coherent structure of free round turbulent jet
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Nongye Jixie Xuebao. - 1000-1298. ; 47:2, s. 35-44
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • As a basic flow form, free round turbulent jet has been used in various industry fields such as water jet cutting, water cleaning, fuel spray, etc. To understand the development of jet and some of its underlying characteristics, it is crucial that the mechanism of jet instability should be recognized. A robust two-phase flow large eddy simulation (LES) algorithm was applied to predict the liquid instability and the coherent structure of free round turbulent jet. The main objective was to characterize the liquid instability mechanism without resorting stability analysis. Special attention was focused on how the instability and the eddy structure in the near field of round jet were affected by the imposed inlet velocity and disturbance. In this respect, the cases within the range of Re=10000~80000 at various disturbance intensities were tested. Results revealed that the velocity and disturbances played an important role in the stability of liquid jet. The unperturbed liquid core length and scale of surface wave were decreased, and a wide variety of vortexes were produced in the near field of jet with velocity and disturbance intensity increased. The decay rates of average velocity along the central axis of jet were similar under different disturbance intensities at the same Reynolds number (or different Reynolds numbers at the same disturbance intensity). The positive entrainment was enhanced and the radial spread of the jet along the streamwise became more significant with the Reynolds number increased.
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226.
  • Ye, Lu, et al. (författare)
  • Highly oriented MOF thin film-based electrocatalytic device for the reduction of CO2 to CO exhibiting high faradaic efficiency
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 4:40, s. 15320-15326
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A monolithic, highly electrochemically efficient Re-based metal-organic framework (MOF) thin film has been deposited onto a conductive FTO electrode by liquid-phase epitaxy. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the presence of a highly oriented film grown exclusively along the [001] direction. This epitaxially-grown SURMOF exhibits an extremely high faradaic efficiency of 93 +/- 5% when operated as an electrocatalyst for the reduction of CO2 to CO. In addition, the obtained current densities of the high-quality monolithic coatings exceed 2 mA cm(-2), a value at least one order of magnitude larger than that reported for previous electrocatalytically active MOF thin films.
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227.
  • Yoneyama, Sachiko, et al. (författare)
  • Gene-centric meta-analyses for central adiposity traits in up to 57 412 individuals of European descent confirm known loci and reveal several novel associations
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:9, s. 2498-2510
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) are surrogate measures of central adiposity that are associated with adverse cardiovascular events, type 2 diabetes and cancer independent of body mass index (BMI). WC and WHR are highly heritable with multiple susceptibility loci identified to date. We assessed the association between SNPs and BMI-adjusted WC and WHR and unadjusted WC in up to 57 412 individuals of European descent from 22 cohorts collaborating with the NHLBIs Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) project. The study population consisted of women and men aged 2080 years. Study participants were genotyped using the ITMAT/Broad/CARE array, which includes 50 000 cosmopolitan tagged SNPs across 2100 cardiovascular-related genes. Each trait was modeled as a function of age, study site and principal components to control for population stratification, and we conducted a fixed-effects meta-analysis. No new loci for WC were observed. For WHR analyses, three novel loci were significantly associated (P 2.4 10(6)). Previously unreported rs2811337-G near TMCC1 was associated with increased WHR ( SE, 0.048 0.008, P 7.7 10(9)) as was rs7302703-G in HOXC10 ( 0.044 0.008, P 2.9 10(7)) and rs936108-C in PEMT ( 0.035 0.007, P 1.9 10(6)). Sex-stratified analyses revealed two additional novel signals among females only, rs12076073-A in SHC1 ( 0.10 0.02, P 1.9 10(6)) and rs1037575-A in ATBDB4 ( 0.046 0.01, P 2.2 10(6)), supporting an already established sexual dimorphism of central adiposity-related genetic variants. Functional analysis using ENCODE and eQTL databases revealed that several of these loci are in regulatory regions or regions with differential expression in adipose tissue.
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228.
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229.
  • Yu, Hongxiao, et al. (författare)
  • Robotic wheeled vehicle ripple tentacles motion planning method
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 2012 IEEE. - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE Press. - 9781467321198 ; , s. 1156-1161
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper describes a nonholonomic robotic wheeled vehicle ripple tentacle motion planning method, aiming to improve the vehicle's trajectory smoothness and avoid frequent weight parameters adjustment in different environments. In the regular tentacle motion planning algorithm, the planning result is selected among the drivable tentacles using a weighted sum cost function. Though the method is simple and easy to understand, it is difficult to adjust the weighted coefficients in different environments. To solve this problem, a geometrical ripple tentacles technique is used to choose a tentacle as a sub-optimal path. Compared with the regular tentacles algorithm, the proposed ripple tentacle algorithm can get a better performance in vehicle's trajectory smoothness with an acceptable runtime expense. And another two traits can also distinguish this method: (a) it can avoid weight parameter adjustment in different environments and varied vehicle's states, and (b) it can be used in both unknown environment and partly known environment with goal point and global reference path. In the totally unknown environment, it acts as a pure obstacle avoidance algorithm, and when there is a global path, it can follow the reference path and avoid hazards simultaneously. © 2012 IEEE.
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230.
  • Zewinger, Stephen, et al. (författare)
  • Relations between lipoprotein(a) concentrations, LPA genetic variants, and the risk of mortality in patients with established coronary heart disease : a molecular and genetic association study
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 2213-8587 .- 2213-8595. ; 5:7, s. 534-543
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Lipoprotein(a) concentrations in plasma are associated with cardiovascular risk in the general population. Whether lipoprotein(a) concentrations or LPA genetic variants predict long-term mortality in patients with established coronary heart disease remains less clear.Methods: We obtained data from 3313 patients with established coronary heart disease in the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study. We tested associations of tertiles of lipoprotein(a) concentration in plasma and two LPA single-nucleotide polymorphisms ([SNPs] rs10455872 and rs3798220) with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality by Cox regression analysis and with severity of disease by generalised linear modelling, with and without adjustment for age, sex, diabetes diagnosis, systolic blood pressure, BMI, smoking status, estimated glomerular filtration rate, LDL-cholesterol concentration, and use of lipid-lowering therapy. Results for plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations were validated in five independent studies involving 10 195 patients with established coronary heart disease. Results for genetic associations were replicated through large-scale collaborative analysis in the GENIUS-CHD consortium, comprising 106 353 patients with established coronary heart disease and 19 332 deaths in 22 studies or cohorts.Findings: The median follow-up was 9.9 years. Increased severity of coronary heart disease was associated with lipoprotein(a) concentrations in plasma in the highest tertile (adjusted hazard radio [HR] 1.44, 95% CI 1.14-1.83) and the presence of either LPA SNP (1.88, 1.40-2.53). No associations were found in LURIC with all-cause mortality (highest tertile of lipoprotein(a) concentration in plasma 0.95, 0.81-1.11 and either LPA SNP 1.10, 0.92-1.31) or cardiovascular mortality (0.99, 0.81-1.2 and 1.13, 0.90-1.40, respectively) or in the validation studies.Interpretation: In patients with prevalent coronary heart disease, lipoprotein(a) concentrations and genetic variants showed no associations with mortality. We conclude that these variables are not useful risk factors to measure to predict progression to death after coronary heart disease is established.
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