| 41. |
- Borin, Lars, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Swe-Clarin: Language resources and technology for digital humanities
- 2016
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - 1613-0073. ; 2021, s. 29-51
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- CLARIN is a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), which aims at (a) making extensive language-based materials available as primary research data to the humanities and social sciences (HSS); and (b) offering state-of-the-art language technology (LT) as an e-research tool for this purpose, positioning CLARIN centrally in what is often referred to as the digital humanities (DH). The Swedish CLARIN node Swe-Clarin was established in 2015 with funding from the Swedish Research Council. In this paper, we describe the composition and activities of Swe-Clarin, aiming at meeting the requirements of all HSS and other researchers whose research involves using text and speech as primary research data, and spreading the awareness of what Swe-Clarin can offer these research communities. We focus on one of the central means for doing this: pilot projects conducted in collaboration between HSS researchers and Swe-Clarin, together formulating a research question, the addressing of which requires working with large language-based materials. Four such pilot projects are described in more detail, illustrating research on rhetorical history, second-language acquisition, literature, and political science. A common thread to these projects is an aspiration to meet the challenge of conducting research on the basis of very large amounts of textual data in a consistent way without losing sight of the individual cases making up the mass of data, i.e., to be able to move between Moretti’s “distant” and “close reading” modes.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Brun, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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The Birth and Early Evolution of the Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) Concept.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1559-1166 .- 0895-8696. ; 45, s. 324-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An historical overview of the development of the concept of frontotemporal dementia is presented, regarding the last 30 years, using as a backbone the conferences held on this theme, with a start in 1986 in Lund, Sweden. Since then, a dramatic increase in research activities and publications has rapidly expanded our knowledge in this field, a step necessary for the ultimate goal to find an effective treatment of this devastating disorder.
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| 46. |
- Brunnström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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History of depression prior to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia verified post-mortem.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6976 .- 0167-4943. ; 56:1, s. 80-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyze the medical history, with regards to previous remote depression, in patients with neuropathologically verified Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD) and mixed AD/VaD. The 201 patients included (115 AD, 44 VaD and 42 mixed AD/VaD) had been referred to the Psychogeriatric/Psychiatric Department, Lund University Hospital, for psychogeriatric investigation and were followed-up with clinical records and detailed information on psychiatric history prior to the onset of dementia. Depression was considered to exist when the patient had consulted a psychiatrist or physician and had been diagnosed with a "depressive episode" or "depression" and when anti-depressants and/or other specific treatments had been prescribed. Twenty patients (10%) had suffered from depression earlier in life well before the onset of dementia. Eight of the 9 AD patients with a previous diagnosis of depression had suffered from only one depressive episode and all had responded well to treatment, with complete recovery. In the VaD group, 8 out of 9 patients suffered two or more depressive episodes and only two recovered completely. Events with a possible significant relationship to depression were seen in 8 of the 9 AD patients but in only 1 of the 9 VaD patients. Psychotic symptoms were more common in VaD than in the AD group. The treatment modality of depression was similar in the groups. In conclusion, a history of depression prior to dementia is more common and more therapy-resistant in VaD than in AD.
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| 47. |
- Brunnström, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of dementia subtypes: A 30-year retrospective survey of neuropathological reports.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6976 .- 0167-4943. ; Aug 7, s. 146-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the distribution of neuropathologically defined dementia subtypes among individuals with dementia disorder. The neuropathological reports were studied on all patients (n=524; 55.3% females; median age 80, range 39-102 years) with clinically diagnosed dementia disorder who underwent complete autopsy including neuropathological examination within the Department of Pathology at the University Hospital in Lund, Sweden, during the years 1974-2004. The neuropathological diagnosis was Alzheimer's disease (AD) in 42.0% of the cases, vascular dementia (VaD) in 23.7%, dementia of combined Alzheimer and vascular pathology in 21.6%, and frontotemporal dementia in 4.0% of the patients. The remaining 8.8% of the patients had other dementia disorders, including combinations other than combined Alzheimer and vascular pathology. The registered prevalence of dementia subtypes depends on many variables, including referral habits, clinical and neuropathological judgments and diagnostic traditions, all of these variables potentially changing over time. This, however, does not seem to obscure the delineation of the major dementia subgroups. In this material of 30 years from Lund in the south of Sweden, AD by far dominated among dementia subtypes, while cerebrovascular pathology corresponded with the dementia disorder, either entirely or partly, in almost half of the demented patients.
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| 48. |
- Calles, Britt-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Grunddatadomän transportsystem: Kompletterande underlag till den utforskande förstudien
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I mars 2022 levererade Trafikverket och samverkande myndigheter (Transportstyrelsen, Sjöfartsverket, Luftfartsverket, Trafikanalys och VTI, Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut) en rapport som sammanfattade den utforskande utvecklingen att utreda en grunddatadomän för transportsystemet. Föreliggande rapport är en komplettering till den ursprungliga rapporten och utgör Trafikverkets inklusive samverkande myndigheters sammantagna underlag (utforskande utveckling) för etablering av en grunddatadomän för transportsystemet. Arbetet har bedrivits under ledning av Myndigheten för digital förvaltning (DIGG) med Trafikverket som ansvarig för den utforskande utvecklingen. Till rapporten hör en bilaga, se länk till höger.Ursprunglig rapport: Grunddatadomän transportsystem: Samverkansuppdrag mellan transportmyndigheterna för att bedriva en utforskande utveckling att utreda en grunddatadomän för information kopplat till transportsystemet
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Corpeno, Rebeca, et al.
(författare)
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Time-course analysis of mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragm contractile muscle dysfunction in the rat
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Physiology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3751 .- 1469-7793. ; 592:17, s. 3859-3880
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) plays a key role in triggering the impaired diaphragm muscle function and the concomitant delayed weaning from the respirator in critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients. To date, experimental and clinical studies have primarily focused on early effects on the diaphragm by CMV, or at specific time points. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the impaired diaphragm muscle function in response to mechanical ventilation, we have performed time‐resolved analyses between 6 h and 14 days using an experimental rat ICU model allowing detailed studies of the diaphragm in response to long‐term CMV. A rapid and early decline in maximum muscle fibre force and preceding muscle fibre atrophy was observed in the diaphragm in response to CMV, resulting in an 85% reduction in residual diaphragm fibre function after 9–14 days of CMV. A modest loss of contractile proteins was observed and linked to an early activation of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, myosin:actin ratios were not affected and the transcriptional regulation of myosin isoforms did not show any dramatic changes during the observation period. Furthermore, small angle X‐ray diffraction analyses demonstrate that myosin can bind to actin in an ATP‐dependent manner even after 9–14 days of exposure to CMV. Thus, quantitative changes in muscle fibre size and contractile proteins are not the dominating factors underlying the dramatic decline in diaphragm muscle function in response to CMV, in contrast to earlier observations in limb muscles. The observed early loss of subsarcolemmal neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity, onset of oxidative stress, intracellular lipid accumulation and post‐translational protein modifications strongly argue for significant qualitative changes in contractile proteins causing the severely impaired residual function in diaphragm fibres after long‐term mechanical ventilation. For the first time, the present study demonstrates novel changes in the diaphragm structure/function and underlying mechanisms at the gene, protein and cellular levels in response to CMV at a high temporal resolution ranging from 6 h to 14 days.
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