| 11. |
- Filiou, A, et al.
(författare)
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Development of Sensitization to Multiple Allergen Molecules from Preschool to School Age Is Related to Asthma
- 2022
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Ingår i: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 183:6, s. 628-639
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Allergic sensitization in early life has been identified as a strong risk factor for subsequent asthma in childhood. It is still unclear why only a part of sensitized children develop asthma, and the role of specific allergen molecules in asthma pathogenesis is ambiguous [<i>Pharmacol Ther</i>. 2009 Feb;121(2):174–84]. We assessed the sensitization to multiple allergen molecules longitudinally and explored its relation to persistent asthma at 7 years. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Seventy-two children included during an acute wheezing episode (cases) were followed prospectively from early preschool age (EPA) to age 7, and compared to 43 healthy controls at EPA. Allergen molecules were analyzed at EPA and age 7 using ImmunoCAP Solid-phase Allergen Chip (ISAC). Asthma diagnosis at 7 years was based on symptoms, medication, and spirometry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> At EPA, cases compared to controls showed a tendency toward having a higher prevalence of allergic sensitization (23.6% vs. 9.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.055). The prevalence of sensitization increased in cases from EPA to 7 years (23.6% vs. 38.9%; <i>p</i> = 0.048) as well as the median number (range) of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-reactive molecules 3 (3–14) versus 6.5 (1–21); <i>p</i> = 0.024. Sensitization to each additional molecule from EPA to the age of 7 was significantly related to asthma at 7 (OR = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [1.01, 1.54]). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Polysensitization, assessed by allergen molecules, had a significant impact on persistent asthma at school age. The extent of sensitization, illustrated by molecular spreading from preschool to school age, was related to asthma diagnosis at 7 years in children with a history of wheezing at early life.
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| 12. |
- Gustafsson, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Long-wavelength infrared quantum-dot based interband photodetectors
- 2011
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Ingår i: Infrared physics & technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1350-4495 .- 1879-0275. ; 54:3, s. 287-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the design and fabrication of (Al)GaAs(Sb)/InAs tensile strained quantum-dot (QD) based detector material for thermal infrared imaging applications in the long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) regime. The detection is based on transitions between confined dot states and continuum states in a type-II band lineup, and we therefore refer to it as a dot-to-bulk (D2B) infrared photodetector with expected benefits including long carrier lifetime due to the type-II band alignment, suppressed Shockley-Read-Hall generation-recombination due to the relatively large-bandgap matrix material, inhibited Auger recombination processes due to the tensile strain and epitaxial simplicity. Metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy was used to grow multiple (Al)GaAs(Sb) QD layers on InAs substrates at different QD nominal thicknesses, compositions, doping conditions and multilayer periods, and the material was characterized using atomic force and transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectroscopy. Dot densities up to 1 x 10(11) cm(-2), 1 x 10(12) cm(-2) and 3 x 10(10) cm(-2) were measured for GaAs, AlGaAs and GaAsSb QDs, respectively. Strong absorption in GaAs, AlGaAs and GaAsSb multilayer QD samples was observed in the wavelength range 6-12 mu m. From the wavelength shift in the spectral absorption for samples with varying QD thickness and composition it is believed that the absorption is due to an intra- valance band transition. From this it is possible to estimate the type-II inter-band transition wavelength, thereby suggesting that (Al)GaAs(Sb) QD/InAs heterostructures are suitable candidates for LWIR detection and imaging.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hitzler, P., et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2019
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - : Springer. - 9783030213473 ; , s. v-vii
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Romelsjö, A, et al.
(författare)
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Abstention, alcohol use and risk of myocardial infarction in men and women taking account of social support and working conditions : the SHEEP case-control study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 98:10, s. 1453-1462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Very few studies indicating that low-moderate alcohol consumption protects from myocardial infarction (MI) controlled for social support and working conditions, which could confound the findings. Therefore, a first aim was to study the risk of non-fatal and total MI in relation to volume of alcohol consumption and measures of social support and working conditions. A second aim was to analyse the impact of the volume of earlier alcohol use in abstainers. Design Data came from a case-control study, the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP), including first MI among Swedish citizens 45-70 years old. Setting Stockholm County 1992-94. Participants There were 1095 cases of MI in men and 471 in women (928 and 3 72 were non-fatal), and 2339 living controls from the general population. Measurement Information about alcohol use at different periods in life and job strain, social anchorage and life control besides pre-existing health problems, smoking, physical activity, socio-economic status and marital status was obtained by a questionnaire from the cases and the controls. Findings In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the relative risk for MI (especially non-fatal) was reduced among alcohol consumers. RR for non-fatal MI was 0.52 (95% confidence intervals 0.32, 0.85) in men with a consumption of 50-69.9 g 100% ethanol/day and 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.06, 0.77) in women with a consumption of 30 g or more per day (reference category 0.1-5 g 100% ethanol/day). Men who were abstainers during the previous 1-10 years and with an earlier average consumption of 5-30 g 100% ethanol/day had a significantly lower relative risk compared to such abstainers with an earlier higher consumption. Earlier consumption among abstainers may also have an impact on gender differences in MI. Analyses showed positive interaction between abstention and low life-control in women, but only 4% of the female cases were due to this interaction. There were no other interactions between measures of alcohol use and social anchorage, life control and working situations. Conclusion Alcohol use had a protective impact on MI, with little impact of job strain, social anchorage and life control, giving increased support for a protective impact of low-moderate alcohol use. The level of previous alcohol consumption among male 1-10-year-long abstainers influenced the risk of MI.
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