| 61. |
- Nyamdorj, R, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic comparison of the association of undiagnosed diabetes with obesity.
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 34:2, s. 332-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the crude prevalence and estimated probability of undiagnosed diabetes in different ethnic groups, given the same level of obesity. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Cross-sectional data from 24 515 men and 29 952 women, aged >or=30 years, and free of previously diagnosed diabetes were included. Baseline body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured. Diabetes was defined according to both fasting and 2-h 75-g glucose criteria. RESULTS: Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was the highest in Asian Indians, the lowest in Europeans and intermediate in others, given the same BMI or waist circumference category across the BMI or waist circumference ranges (P<0.001 for all BMI or waist categories). beta-Coefficients corresponding to a 1 s.d. increase in BMI were 0.34/0.28, 0.41/0.43, 0.42/0.61, 0.36/0.59 and 0.33/0.49 for the Asian Indians, Chinese, Japanese, Mauritian Indians and European men/women (homogeneity test: P>0.05 in men and P<0.001 in women), and in waist: 0.31/0.31, 0.30/0.46, 0.22/0.57 and 0.38/0.58 for the Asian Indians, Chinese, Mauritian Indians and Europeans, respectively (homogeneity test: P>0.05 in men and P<0.001 in women). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes increased with an increasing BMI or waist circumference to a similar degree in men in all ethnic groups but to a lesser degree in Asian Indian women than in others, regardless of the higher prevalence in Asian Indians than in others at the same BMI (or) waist circumference levels.
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| 63. |
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| 66. |
- Romelsjö, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Abstention, alcohol use and risk of myocardial infarction in men and women considering social anchorage and working conditions : the SHEEP case control study
- 2003
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Ingår i: Addiction. - : Wiley. - 0965-2140 .- 1360-0443. ; 98:10, s. 1453-1462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Very few studies indicating that low–moderate alcohol consumption protects from myocardial infarction (MI) controlled for social support and working conditions, which could confound the findings. Therefore, a first aim was to study the risk of non-fatal and total MI in relation to volume of alcohol consumption and measures of social support and working conditions. A second aim was to analyse the impact of the volume of earlier alcohol use in abstainers.Design Data came from a case–control study, the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP), including first MI among Swedish citizens 45–70 years old.Setting Stockholm County 1992–94.Participants There were 1095 cases of MI in men and 471 in women (928 and 372 were non-fatal), and 2339 living controls from the general population.Measurement Information about alcohol use at different periods in life and job strain, social anchorage and life control besides pre-existing health problems, smoking, physical activity, socio-economic status and marital status was obtained by a questionnaire from the cases and the controls.Findings In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the relative risk for MI (especially non-fatal) was reduced among alcohol consumers. RR for non-fatal MI was 0.52 (95% confidence intervals 0.32, 0.85) in men with a consumption of 50–69.9 g 100% ethanol/day and 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.06, 0.77) in women with a consumption of 30 g or more per day (reference category 0.1–5 g 100% ethanol/day). Men who were abstainers during the previous 1–10 years and with an earlier average consumption of 5–30 g 100% ethanol/day had a significantly lower relative risk compared to such abstainers with an earlier higher consumption. Earlier consumption among abstainers may also have an impact on gender differences in MI. Analyses showed positive interaction between abstention and low life-control in women, but only 4% of the female cases were due to this interaction. There were no other interactions between measures of alcohol use and social anchorage, life control and working situations.Conclusion Alcohol use had a protective impact on MI, with little impact of job strain, social anchorage and life control, giving increased support for a protective impact of low-moderate alcohol use. The level of previous alcohol consumption among male 1–10-year-long abstainers influenced the risk of MI.
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| 67. |
- Sagalowicz, L., et al.
(författare)
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Defects, structure, and chemistry of InP-GaAs interfaces obtained by wafer bonding
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 87:9, s. 4135-4146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have examined the crystallographic structure of GaAs/InP interfaces obtained by wafer fusion following different procedures. Plan-view and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveal that the interface is not only composed of a regular array of two sets of edge dislocations and is more complex than generally supposed. If a twist is created due to misalignment of the two substrates, the dislocations are not edge dislocations but also have a screw component. Dislocations for which the Burgers vectors have a component normal to the interface are also present. Those dislocations probably result from steps and some of them accommodate the tilt between the two substrates. Inclusions and voids as well as a low number of volume dislocations are present in all the samples. The observed volume dislocation density near the interface lies in the 10(5)-10(7) cm(-2) range and these volume dislocations may be associated with thermal mismatch. The origin of all these defects is discussed.
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| 68. |
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| 69. |
- Siedler, S., et al.
(författare)
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Development of a Bacterial Biosensor for Rapid Screening of Yeast p-Coumaric Acid Production
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACS Synthetic Biology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2161-5063. ; 6:10, s. 1860-1869
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcription factor-based biosensors are used to identify producer strains, a critical bottleneck in cell factory engineering. Here, we address two challenges with this methodology: transplantation of heterologous transcriptional regulators into new hosts to generate functional biosensors and biosensing of the extracellular product concentration that accurately reflects the effective cell factory production capacity. We describe the effects of different translation initiation rates on the dynamic range of a p-coumaric acid biosensor based on the Bacillus subtilis transcriptional repressor PadR by varying its ribosomal binding site. Furthermore, we demonstrate the functionality of this p-coumaric acid biosensor in Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum. Finally, we encapsulate yeast p-coumaric acid-producing cells with E. coli-biosensing cells in picoliter droplets and, in a microfluidic device, rapidly sort droplets containing yeast cells producing high amounts of extracellular p-coumaric acid using the fluorescent E. coli biosensor signal. As additional biosensors become available, such approaches will find broad applications for screening of an extracellular product.
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| 70. |
- Siedler, S., et al.
(författare)
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High throughput droplet sorting of yeast for p-Coumaric acid production detected by co-encapsulated E. coli biosensor bacteria
- 2016
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Ingår i: 20th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2016. - : Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society. - 9780979806490 ; , s. 551-552
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the optimization of E. coli biosensor bacteria and demonstrate their use to detect and sort co-encapsulated S. cerevisiae yeast cells by their p-Coumaric acid (pCA) production in picoliter microfluidic droplets at high throughput. This strategy allows us to enrich pCA producing cell factories by the cell permeable product pCA using a biosensor in a separate cell.
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