| 21. |
- DuttaRoy, Smita, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of age on circulating vascular markers and cardiac prognostic markers, before and after 2 months home-based high-frequency exercise training in patients with stable coronary artery disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. European Society of Cardiology, 30 August - 3 September 2014, Barcelona. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 35:Supplement: 1
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal derived factor (SDF-1) play an important role in angiogenesis. Relaxin-2 (Rlx-2) has both angiogenic and vasodilatory properties, while endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasocontrictor.VEGF, SDF-1 and Rlx-2-levels have shown to be positively modulated by exercise training, while the effect of exercise on (Rlx-2) is not known. Age is a known risk factor for morbidity and mortality in coronary artery disease (CAD). We wanted to investigate how age affects levels of these vascular factors and known prognostic cardiac markers before and after high frequency exercise training (HFE), in patients with CAD. Methods: Patients with stable CAD (age 48-80 years) were randomized to HFE (aerobic exercise 70% of max, 30 minutes, 5 times/week and resistance exercise 3 times/week), performed at home for 8 weeks, or usual lifestyle (ctrl). Serum and plasma was collected from 21 controls and 24 HFE-patients and analyzed at baseline and after 8 weeks. VEGF, SDF-1, Rlx-2 and ET-1were analyzed with enzymelinked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA). TnT and NT-pro-BNP were analyzed on Cobas e602 (Roche). Correlation was calculated using the statistical software Graph Pad Prism 6. Pearson’s r was calculated to determine correlation between the factors prior to exercise, while Spearman’s r was used for the analysis on the exercise induced effects of the HFE-group. The exercise-induced effect on cardiac biomarkers was determined by comparing % change (from baseline to 8 weeks) between HFE and Ctrl using Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: At baseline, there was a significant positive correlation between age and TnT (r=0.38, p<0.05) and a non-significant positive correlation between age and NT-proBNP (r=0.36, p=0.06), while no correlation was found between age and levels of vascular markers (VEGF r=-0,14, SDF-1 r=-0,13, ET-1 r=0,08, Rlx-2 r=0,06, p=ns for all). As we have previously shown, home-based HFE decreased VEGF (2,6+29% (ctrl) and -3,9 +13% (HFE), p<0,05), but the other studied factors were not significantly affected. We found no correlation between age and changes in cardiac markers after exercise. Conclusions: Elderly patients with stable CAD have higher levels of TnT and NT-proBNP, indicating a higher degree of underlying CAD. This may also reflect their higher mortality in CAD. HFE-training may lower VEGF in patients with stable CAD. Interestingly, there seems to be no difference in the respone response to exercise in cardiac biomarkers, between younger and older CAD patients
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Eggers, Kai M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic and prognostic performance of the ratio between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and troponin T in patients with chest pain.
- 2022
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elevations of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) concentrations not related to type 1 myocardial infarction are common in chest pain patients presenting to emergency departments. The discrimination of these patients from those with type 1 myocardial infarction (MI) is challenging and resource-consuming. We aimed to investigate whether the hs-cTn I/T ratio might provide diagnostic and prognostic increment in this context.We calculated the hs-cTn I/T ratio in 888 chest pain patients having hs-cTnI (Abbott Laboratories) or hs-cTnT (Roche Diagnostics) concentrations above the respective 99th percentile at 2 hours from presentation. All patients were followed for one year regarding mortality.The median hs-cTn I/T ratio was 3.45 (25th, 75th percentiles 1.80-6.59) in type 1 MI patients (n = 408 ☯46.0%]), 1.18 (0.81-1.90) in type 2 MI patients (n = 56 ☯6.3%]) and 0.67 (0.39-1.12) in patients without MI. The hs-cTn I/T ratio provided good discrimination of type 1 MI from no type 1 MI (area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve 0.89 ☯95% confidence interval 0.86-0.91]), of type 1 MI from type 2 MI (area under the curve 0.81 ☯95% confidence interval 0.74-0.87]), and was associated with type 1 MI in adjusted analyses. The hs-cTn I/T ratio provided no consistent prognostic value.The hs-cTn I/T ratio appears to be useful for early diagnosis of type 1 MI and its discrimination from type 2 MI in chest pain patients presenting with elevated hs-cTn. Differences in hs-cTn I/T ratio values may reflect variations in hs-cTn release mechanisms in response to different types of myocardial injury.
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| 25. |
- Eggers, Kai M., 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Differences between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and I in stable populations: underlying causes and clinical implications.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1434-6621 .- 1437-4331. ; 61:3, s. 380-387
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurement of high-sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin (cTn) T and I is widely studied for cardiac assessment of stable populations. Recent data suggest clinical and prognostic discrepancies between both hs-cTn. We aimed at reviewing published studies with respect to underlying causes and clinical implications.We summarized current evidence on release and clearance mechanisms of cTnT and I, and on preanalytical and assay-related issues potentially portending to differences in measured concentrations. We also performed a systematic review of outcome studies comparing both hs-cTn in the general population, patients with congestive heart failure, stable coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation.For the interpretation of concentrations of hs-cTnT, stronger association with renal dysfunction compared to hs-cTnI should be considered. Hs-cTnT also appears to be a stronger indicator of general cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality. Hs-cTnI concentrations tend to be more sensitive to coronary artery disease and ischemic outcomes. These findings apparently reflect variations in the mechanisms of cardiac affections resulting in cTn release. Whether these differences are of clinically relevance remains to be elucidated. However, having the option of choosing between either hs-cTn might represent an option for framing individualized cardiac assessment in the future.
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| 26. |
- Elmroth, Kerstin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Cleavage of cellular DNA by calicheamicin γ1
- 2003
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Ingår i: DNA Repair. - 1568-7864 .- 1568-7856. ; 2:4, s. 363-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is assumed that the efficient antitumor activity of calicheamicin γ1 is mediated by its ability to introduce DNA double-strand breaks in cellular DNA. To test this assumption we have compared calicheamicin γ1-mediated cleavage of cellular DNA and purified plasmid DNA. Cleavage of purified plasmid DNA was not inhibited by excess tRNA or protein indicating that calicheamicin γ1 specifically targets DNA. Cleavage of plasmid DNA was not affected by incubation temperature. In contrast, cleavage of cellular DNA was 45-fold less efficient at 0°C as compared to 37° due to poor cell permeability at low temperatures. The ratio of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) to single-stranded breaks (SSB) in cellular DNA was 1:3, close to the 1:2 ratio observed when calicheamicin γ1 cleaved purified plasmid DNA. DNA strand breaks introduced by calicheamicin γ1 were evenly distributed in the cell population as measured by the comet assay. Calicheamicin γ1-induced DSBs were repaired slowly but completely and resulted in high levels of H2AX phosphorylation and efficient cell cycle arrest. In addition, the DSB-repair deficient cell line Mo59J was hyper sensitive to calicheamicin γ. The data indicate that DSBs is the crucial damage after calicheamicin γ1 and that calicheamicin γ1-induced DSBs are recognized normally. The high DSB:SSB ratio, specificity for DNA and the even damage distribution makes calicheamicin γ1 a superior drug for studies of the DSB-response and emphasizes its usefulness in treatment of malignant disease.
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| 27. |
- Erlandsson, A C, et al.
(författare)
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Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection and glucocorticoid treatment regulate viral yield, glucocorticoid receptor and NF-kappaB levels.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - : Bioscientifica. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 175:1, s. 165-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interplay between the endocrine and immune systems has come into focus in recent years with the insight that endocrine parameters may affect susceptibility to both auto-immune and infectious diseases. Our interest in immunoendocrine regulation led us to investigate the effects of glucocorticoids on Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections. Glucocorticoids used to treat inflammatory conditions are not yet recommended for HSV-1 therapy, since they have been reported to prolong viral shedding both in vivo and in vitro. Here we report that glucocorticoids did not alter the viral yield in human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell culture when glucocorticoid treatment and viral infection occured simultaneously, but the viral yield increased when cells were treated with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (dex) prior to viral infection. We found that viral infection in our primary cell system increased NF-kappaB levels and DNA binding. In addition, the amount of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) increased following viral infection, and HSV-1 infection as such could induce glucocorticoid-driven transcription of a reporter gene in human embryo kidney (HEK) 293 cells stably transfected with GR. Dex treatment did not affect HSV-1-induced binding of p65 to an NF-kappaB element in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and acyclovir was still efficient as an anti-viral drug in the presence of dex. Further studies of the observed effects of HSV-1 infection and glucocorticoid treatment on GR and NF-kappaB regulation could give insights into the immunoendocrine mechanisms important for defence and therapy against viral infections.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Fridén, Vincent, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Clearance of cardiac troponin T with and without kidney function
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-9120. ; 50:9, s. 468-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The extent of kidney-dependent clearance of the cardiac damage biomarker cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is not known. Methods and results: We examined clearance of cTnT after injection of heart extracts in rats with or without clamped kidney vessels. The extent of degradation of cTnT to fragments able to pass the glomerular membrane and the kidney extraction index of cTnT was examined in human subjects. After a bolus injection of rat cardiac extract, simulating a large myocardial infarction, there was no significant difference in clearance of cTnT with or without kidney function. However, a slower clearance was observed late in the clearance process, when cTnT levels were low. When low levels of rat cardiac extract were infused at a constant rate to steady state, clamping of the renal vessels resulted in significant 2-fold reduction in clearance of cTnT. Over 60% of the measured cTnT in human subjects had a molecular weight below 17 kDa, expected to have a relatively free passage over the glomerular membrane. The extraction index of cTnT in three heart failure patients undergoing renal vein catheterization was 8-19%. Kidney function adjusted cTnT levels increased the area under the ROC curve for diagnosis of myocardial infarction of the cTnT analysis in an emergency room cohort. Conclusions: At high concentrations, often found after a large myocardial infarction, extrarenal clearance of cTnT dominates. At low levels of cTnT, often found in patients with stable cTnT elevations, renal clearance also contribute to the clearance of cTnT. This potentially explains why stable cTnT levels tend to be higher in patients with low kidney function. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists.
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| 30. |
- Grankvist, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Laboratoriernas verksamhet
- 2018. - 10
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Ingår i: Laurells Klinisk kemi i praktisk medicin. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144119748 ; , s. 13-30
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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