| 11. |
- RYBERG, EMIL, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Constraining low-energy proton capture on beryllium-7 through charge radius measurements
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-601X .- 1434-6001. ; 50:11, s. 170-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we point out that a measurement of the charge radius of boron-8 provides indirect access to the S-factor for radiative proton capture on beryllium-7 at low energies. We use leading-order halo effective field theory to explore this correlation and we give a relation between the charge radius and the S-factor. Furthermore, we present important technical aspects relevant to the renormalization of point-like P -wave interactions in the presence of a repulsive Coulomb interaction.
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| 12. |
- RYBERG, EMIL, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Effective field theory for proton halo nuclei
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 89:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use halo effective field theory to analyze the universal features of proton halo nuclei bound due to a large S-wave scattering length. Our work provides a fully field-theoretical treatment of bound halo nuclei in the presence of a repulsive Coulomb interaction. With a Lagrangian built from effective core and valence-proton fields, we derive a leading-order expression for the charge form factor. Within the same framework we also calculate the radiative proton capture cross section. We present general results at leading order that can be applied to any one-proton halo system bound in a relative S wave. We illustrate the method by studying the excited 1/2(+) state of fluorine 17, for which we give results for the charge radius and the astrophysical S factor.
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| 13. |
- RYBERG, EMIL, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Range corrections in proton halo nuclei
- 2016
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Ingår i: Annals of Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-4916 .- 1096-035X. ; 367, s. 13-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze the effects of finite-range corrections in halo effective field theory for S-wave proton halo nuclei. We calculate the charge radius to next-to-leading order and the astrophysical S-factor for low-energy proton capture to fifth order in the low energy expansion. As an application, we confront our results with experimental data for the S-factor for proton capture on Oxygen-16 into the excited 1/2(+) state of Fluorine-17. Our low-enegrgy theory is characterized by a systematic low-energy expansion, which can be used to quantify an energy-dependent model error to be utilized in data fitting. Finally, we show that the existence of proton halos is suppressed by the need for two fine tunings in the underlying theory.
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| 14. |
- Scepanovic, Petar, et al.
(författare)
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A comprehensive assessment of demographic, environmental, and host genetic associations with gut microbiome diversity in healthy individuals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Microbiome. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2049-2618. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The gut microbiome is an important determinant of human health. Its composition has been shown to be influenced by multiple environmental factors and likely by host genetic variation. In the framework of the Milieu Intérieur Consortium, a total of 1000 healthy individuals of western European ancestry, with a 1:1 sex ratio and evenly stratified across five decades of life (age 20-69), were recruited. We generated 16S ribosomal RNA profiles from stool samples for 858 participants. We investigated genetic and non-genetic factors that contribute to individual differences in fecal microbiome composition. RESULTS: Among 110 demographic, clinical, and environmental factors, 11 were identified as significantly correlated with α-diversity, ß-diversity, or abundance of specific microbial communities in multivariable models. Age and blood alanine aminotransferase levels showed the strongest associations with microbiome diversity. In total, all non-genetic factors explained 16.4% of the variance. We then searched for associations between > 5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and the same indicators of fecal microbiome diversity, including the significant non-genetic factors as covariates. No genome-wide significant associations were identified after correction for multiple testing. A small fraction of previously reported associations between human genetic variants and specific taxa could be replicated in our cohort, while no replication was observed for any of the diversity metrics. CONCLUSION: In a well-characterized cohort of healthy individuals, we identified several non-genetic variables associated with fecal microbiome diversity. In contrast, host genetics only had a negligible influence. Demographic and environmental factors are thus the main contributors to fecal microbiome composition in healthy individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01699893.
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| 15. |
- Sekine, Takuya, et al.
(författare)
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TOX is expressed by exhausted and polyfunctional human effector memory CD8(+) T cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Science immunology. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2470-9468. ; 5:49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD8(+) T cell exhaustion is a hallmark of many cancers and chronic infections. In mice, T cell factor 1 (TCF-1) maintains exhausted CD8(+) T cell responses, whereas thymocyte selection-associated HMG box (TOX) is required for the epigenetic remodeling and survival of exhausted CD8(+) T cells. However, it has remained unclear to what extent these transcription factors play analogous roles in humans. In this study, we mapped the expression of TOX and TCF-1 as a function of differentiation and specificity in the human CD8(+) T cell landscape. Here, we demonstrate that circulating TOX+ CD8(+) T cells exist in most humans, but that TOX is not exclusively associated with exhaustion. Effector memory CD8(+) T cells generally expressed TOX, whereas naive and early-differentiated memory CD8(+) T cells generally expressed TCF-1. Cytolytic gene and protein expression signatures were also defined by the expression of TOX. In the context of a relentless immune challenge, exhausted HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells commonly expressed TOX, often in clusters with various activation markers and inhibitory receptors, and expressed less TCF-1. However, polyfunctional memory CD8(+) T cells specific for cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) also expressed TOX, either with or without TCF-1. A similar phenotype was observed among HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells from individuals who maintained exceptional immune control of viral replication. Collectively, these data demonstrate that TOX is expressed by most circulating effector memory CD8(+) T cell subsets and not exclusively linked to exhaustion.
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| 16. |
- Thiele, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Profiling of alterations in platelet proteins during storage of platelet concentrates.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 47:7, s. 1221-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The quality of platelet concentrates (PCs) is primarily determined in vitro by selective methods (e.g., pH, aggregometry), which provide only limited information on certain platelet (PLT) characteristics. In contrast, proteomic technologies provide a comprehensive overview of the PLT proteome. High interassay variability, however, limits meaningful assessment of samples taken from the same product over time or before and after processing. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) and mass spectrometry were applied to analyze changes in the PLT proteome during storage of PCs. RESULTS: DIGE provides a comprehensive and reproducible overview of the cytoplasmic PLT proteome (median standard deviation of protein spot intensities, 5%-9%). Although 97 percent of cytosolic PLT proteins remained unchanged over a 9-day storage period, septin 2 showed characteristic alterations that preceded by several days more widespread alterations affecting numerous other proteins. Also beta-actin and gelsolin are potential marker proteins for changes in the PLT proteome. Interestingly septin 2 and gelsolin are affected during apoptosis, indicating that apoptosis in PCs may have an impact on PLT storage. CONCLUSION: DIGE is a tool for comprehensively assessing the impact of storage on the global proteome profile of therapeutic PCs. Most of the changes detected are in high-abundance PLT proteins.
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| 17. |
- Wang, Pei, et al.
(författare)
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A Model of Unified Perception and Cognition
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2624-8212. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses an approach to add perception functionality to a general-purpose intelligent system, NARS. Differently from other AI approaches toward perception, our design is based on the following major opinions: (1) Perception primarily depends on the perceiver, and subjective experience is only partially and gradually transformed into objective (intersubjective) descriptions of the environment; (2) Perception is basically a process initiated by the perceiver itself to achieve its goals, and passive receiving of signals only plays a supplementary role; (3) Perception is fundamentally unified with cognition, and the difference between them is mostly quantitative, not qualitative. The directly relevant aspects of NARS are described to show the implications of these opinions in system design, and they are compared with the other approaches. Based on the research results of cognitive science, it is argued that the Narsian approach better fits the need of perception in Artificial General Intelligence (AGI).
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| 18. |
- Wegler, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Variability in Mass Spectrometry-based Quantification of Clinically Relevant Drug Transporters and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular Pharmaceutics. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1543-8384 .- 1543-8392. ; 14:9, s. 3142-3151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many different methods are used for mass-spectrometry-based protein quantification in pharmacokinetics and systems pharmacology. It has not been established to what extent the results from these various methods are comparable. Here, we compared six different mass spectrometry-based proteomics methods by measuring the expression of clinically relevant drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes in human liver. Mean protein concentrations were in general quantified to similar levels by methods using whole tissue lysates. Methods using subcellular membrane fractionation gave incomplete enrichment of the proteins. When the enriched proteins were adjusted to levels in whole tissue lysates, they were on average 4 fold lower than those quantified directly in whole tissue lysates. The differences in protein levels were propagated into differences in predictions of hepatic clearance. In conclusion, caution is needed when comparing and applying quantitative proteomics data obtained with different methods, especially since membrane fractionation is common practice for protein quantification used in drug clearance predictions.
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