| 21. |
- Bjermer, L, et al.
(författare)
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Rinitastma : en sjukdom i hela luftvägen
- 2014
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Ingår i: Rinitastma : en sjukdom i hela luftvägen / [redaktör Hanna Vihavainen]. - Stockholm : Stiftelsen astma och allergiförbundets forskningsfond. - 9789163770425
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 22. |
- Braun, Oscar Ö., et al.
(författare)
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Continuous-flow LVADs in the Nordic countries : complications and mortality and its predictors
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 53:1, s. 14-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess complications and mortality and its predictors, with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs) in the Nordic Countries.Design: This was a retrospective, international, multicenter cohort study.Results: Between 1993 and 2013, 442 surgically implanted long-term mechanical assist devices were used among 8 centers in the Nordic countries. Of those, 238 were CF-LVADs (HVAD or HeartMate II) implanted in patients >18 years with complete data. Postoperative complications and survival were compared and Cox proportion hazard regression analysis was used to identify predictors of mortality. The overall Kaplan-Meier survival rate was 75% at 1 year, 69% at 2 years and 63% at 3 years. A planned strategy of destination therapy had poorer survival compared to a strategy of bridge to transplantation or decision (2-year survival of 41% vs. 76%, p < .001). The most common complications were non-driveline infections (excluding sepsis) (44%), driveline infection (27%), need for continuous renal replacement therapy (25%) and right heart failure (24%). In a multivariate model age and left ventricular diastolic dimension was left as independent risk factors for mortality with a hazard ratio of 1.35 (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.01-1.80], p = .046) per 10 years and 0.88 (95% CI [0.72-0.99], p = .044) per 5 mm, respectively.Conclusion: Outcome with CF LVAD in the Nordic countries was comparable to other cohorts. Higher age and destination therapy require particularly stringent selection.
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| 23. |
- Bylund, Johan, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Amide hydrolysis of a novel chemical series of microsomal prostaglandin e synthase-1 inhibitors induces kidney toxicity in the rat
- 2013
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Ingår i: Drug Metabolism And Disposition. - : American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET). - 0090-9556 .- 1521-009X. ; 41:3, s. 634-641
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES-1) inhibitor induced kidney injury at exposures representing less than 4 times the anticipated efficacious exposure in man during a 7-day toxicity study in rats. The findings consisted mainly of tubular lesions and the presence of crystalline material and increases in plasma urea and creatinine. In vitro and in vivo metabolic profiling generated a working hypothesis that a bis-sulfonamide metabolite (determined M1) formed by amide hydrolysis caused this toxicity. To test this hypothesis, rats were subjected to a 7-day study and were administered the suspected metabolite and two low-potency mPGES-1 inhibitor analogs, where amide hydrolysis was undetectable in rat hepatocyte experiments. The results suggested that compounds with a reduced propensity to undergo amide hydrolysis, thus having less ability to form M1, reduced the risk of inducing kidney toxicity. Rats treated with M1 alone showed no histopathologic change in the kidney, which was likely related to underexposure to M1. To circumvent rat kidney toxicity, we identified a potent mPGES-1 inhibitor with a low propensity for amide hydrolysis and superior rat pharmacokinetic properties. A subsequent 14-day rat toxicity study showed that this compound was associated with kidney toxicity at 42, but not 21, times the anticipated efficacious exposure in humans. In conclusion, by including metabolic profiling and exploratory rat toxicity studies, a new and active mPGES-1 inhibitor with improved margins to chemically induced kidney toxicity in rats has been identified.
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| 24. |
- Cardell, L O, et al.
(författare)
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Genes regulating molecular and cellular functions in noninfectious nonallergic rhinitis.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 64:9, s. 1301-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic noninfectious, nonallergic rhinitis (NINAR) is a complex syndrome with a principally unknown pathophysiology. New technology has made it possible to examine differentially expressed genes and according to network theory, genes connected by their function that might have key roles in the disease.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Cardell, Lars-Olaf, et al.
(författare)
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TOTALL: high cost of allergic rhinitis-a national Swedish population-based questionnaire study.
- 2016
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Ingår i: NPJ primary care respiratory medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-1010. ; 26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allergic rhinitis is a global illness with a well-recognised impact on quality of life and work performance. Comparatively little is known about the extent of its economic impact on society. The TOTALL study estimates the total cost of allergic rhinitis using a sample representing the entire Swedish population of working age. A questionnaire focused on allergic rhinitis was mailed out to a random population of Swedish residents, aged 18-65 years. Health-care contacts, medications, absenteeism (absence from work) and presenteeism (reduced working capacity at work) were assessed, and the direct and indirect costs of allergic rhinitis were calculated. Medication use was evaluated in relation to the ARIA guidelines. In all, 3,501 of 8,001 (44%) answered the questionnaire, and 855 (24%) of these reported allergic rhinitis. The mean annual direct and indirect costs because of allergic rhinitis were €210.3 and €750.8, respectively, resulting in a total cost of €961.1 per individual/year. Presenteeism represented 70% of the total cost. Antihistamines appear to be used in excess in relation to topical steroids, and the use of nasal decongestants was alarmingly high. The total cost of allergic rhinitis in Sweden, with a population of 9.5 million, was estimated at €1.3 billion annually. These unexpectedly high costs could be related to the high prevalence of disease, in combination with the previously often underestimated indirect costs. Improved adherence to guidelines might ease the economic burden on society.
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| 27. |
- Chen, Xinsong, et al.
(författare)
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Breast cancer patient-derived whole-tumor cell culture model for efficient drug profiling and treatment response prediction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 120:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease comprising multiple distinct subtypes with different genetic features and pathological characteristics. Although a large number of antineoplastic compounds have been approved for clinical use, patient-to-patient variability in drug response is frequently observed, highlighting the need for efficient treatment prediction for individualized therapy. Several patient-derived models have been established lately for the prediction of drug response. However, each of these models has its limitations that impede their clinical application. Here, we report that the whole-tumor cell culture (WTC) ex vivo model could be stably established from all breast tumors with a high success rate (98 out of 116), and it could reassemble the parental tumors with the endogenous microenvironment. We observed strong clinical associations and predictive values from the investigation of a broad range of BC therapies with WTCs derived from a patient cohort. The accuracy was further supported by the correlation between WTC-based test results and patients' clinical responses in a separate validation study, where the neoadjuvant treatment regimens of 15 BC patients were mimicked. Collectively, the WTC model allows us to accomplish personalized drug testing within 10 d, even for small-sized tumors, highlighting its potential for individualized BC therapy. Furthermore, coupled with genomic and transcriptomic analyses, WTC-based testing can also help to stratify specific patient groups for assignment into appropriate clinical trials, as well as validate potential biomarkers during drug development.
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| 28. |
- Clarhed, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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BMI as a risk factor for the development of chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective population-based study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 279, s. 4953-4959
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Obesity is a growing, global health problem and previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). There is, however, a lack of prospective studies regarding the impact of obesity on developing (new-onset) CRS. Methods Questionnaire-based data (n = 5769) relating to new-onset CRS and Body Mass Index (BMI) were collected in 2013 and 2018 from the Telemark population study in Telemark, Norway. Odds ratios for the risk of new-onset CRS in 2018 in relation to BMI in 2013 were calculated, adjusted for smoking habits, asthma, gender and age. Results When comparing the group with normal weight (18.5 <= BMI < 25) with the obese group (BMI >= 30), the odds of new-onset CRS was 53% higher [OR 1.53 (1.11, 2.10)] in the obese group. Conclusion CRS is a multifactorial disease with different phenotypes and it is important to consider obesity when assessing patients with CRS in a clinical setting.
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| 29. |
- Clarhed, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic Rhinosinusitis Related to Occupational Exposure- the Telemark Population Study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of occupational and environmental medicine. - 1536-5948. ; 60:7, s. 656-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the association between occupational exposure and chronic rhinosinusitis.A random population from the region of Telemark, aged 16-50, answered a respiratory questionnaire including questions on chronic rhinosinusitis and exposure in the occupational environment.A total of 16,099/48,142 subjects responded. The prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis was 9%. Exposure associated with chronic rhinosinusitis comprised paper dust (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1, 1.5), cleaning agents (OR 1.2, CI 1.0, 1.3), metal dust (OR 1.3, CI 1.1, 1.6), animals (OR 1.2, CI 1.0, 1.5), moisture/mould/mildew (OR 1.3, CI 1.1, 1.5) and physically strenuous work (OR 1.4, CI 1.2, 1.7).Occupational exposure to paper dust, cleaning agents, metal dust, animals, moisture/mould/mildew and physically strenuous work was independently related to having chronic rhinosinusitis. An occupational history should be reviewed when assessing patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
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| 30. |
- Clarhed, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational exposure and the risk of new-onset chronic rhinosinusitis - a prospective study 2013-2018.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rhinology. - 0300-0729. ; 58:6, s. 597-604
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aetiology behind chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the onset of CRS and several common occupational exposures over time.An adult random population from Telemark, Norway, comprising 7,952 subjects, who answered a comprehensive respiratory questionnaire including questions on CRS and occupational exposure first in 2013 and again in 2018.New-onset CRS during the five-year follow-up was independently associated with occupational exposure to hair-care products, cleaning agents among women, super glue, strong acids, cooking fumes and wood dust.In this random population cohort from Norway, exposure to several common occupational agents, such as hair-care products, super glue and wood dust, was associated with the onset of CRS. It is important that physicians who see patients with CRS inquire about workplace exposure.
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