| 21. |
- Henningsson, Anna J., 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Laboratory diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis: a comparisonof three CSF anti-Borrelia antibody assays
- 2014
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In: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 0934-9723 .- 1435-4373. ; 33, s. 797-803
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) requires the detection of intrathecal synthesis of Borrelia-specific antibodies, but in very early disease, the sensitivity may be low. We compared the performance of the second-generation IDEIA Lyme Neuroborreliosis test (Oxoid), based on purified native flagellum antigen, with two newly developed tests based on several recombinant antigens for the diagnosis of LNB. Patients investigated for LNB during 2003 through 2007 were included (n = 175); 52 with definite LNB, four with possible LNB and 119 non-LNB patients. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were analysed with the IDEIA Lyme Neuroborreliosis (Oxoid), VIDAS Lyme IgG (bioMérieux) and recomBead Borrelia IgM and IgG (Mikrogen) assays. Intrathecal antibody indices (AIs) were calculated according to the manufacturers’ protocols. The IDEIA test performed with an overall sensitivity (IgM and IgG AIs taken together) of 88 % and a specificity of 99 %. The VIDAS test showed a sensitivity of 86 % and a specificity of 97 %. An overall sensitivity of 100 % and a specificity of 97 % were achieved by the recomBead test. We conclude that the three assays performed equally well regarding specificity, but our data suggest an improved diagnostic sensitivity with the recomBead Borrelia test.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Henningsson, A. J., et al.
(author)
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Rapid diagnosis of acute norovirus-associated gastroenteritis: evaluation of the Xpert Norovirus assay and its implementation as a 24/7 service in three hospitals in Jonkoping County, Sweden
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. - : SPRINGER. - 0934-9723 .- 1435-4373. ; 36:10, s. 1867-1871
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Noroviruses are a leading cause of epidemic and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The rapid diagnosis of norovirus infection is important for prompt infection control measures and may reduce the need for additional diagnostic testing. Here we evaluated the performance of the rapid Xpert Norovirus assay, and assessed the turn-around time (TAT) before and after the implementation of the analysis as a 24/7 service at all the three hospitals in Jonkoping County, Sweden. We describe the implementation process which was performed in two steps during 2014. A total number of 276 clinical samples (stool and vomitus) from patients with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis were included in 2014-2015. The samples were analysed with the Xpert Norovirus assay and the already existing routine method: an in-house reverse transcription real-time PCR. Samples showing discrepant results with the two assays were further analysed by a third PCR method. The Xpert Norovirus assay performed well with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93% compared to the gold standard (defined as the result obtained by at least two of the three PCR methods). The median TAT decreased from 22 hours in 2013 to 2.4 hours in 2015 (p amp;lt; 0.001). We conclude that the performance of the Xpert Norovirus assay was excellent, and that the implementation of the analysis as a 24/7 service at all three hospitals in the county has greatly reduced the time to diagnosis which is beneficial for both patients and healthcare providers.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Henningsson, Frida, et al.
(author)
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IgE-Mediated Enhancement of CD4(+) T Cell Responses in Mice Requires Antigen Presentation by CD11c(+) Cells and Not by B Cells
- 2011
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:7, s. e21760-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IgE antibodies, administered to mice together with their specific antigen, enhance antibody and CD4(+) T cell responses to this antigen. The effect is dependent on the low affinity receptor for IgE, CD23, and the receptor must be expressed on B cells. In vitro, IgE-antigen complexes are endocytosed via CD23 on B cells, which subsequently present the antigen to CD4(+) T cells. This mechanism has been suggested to explain also IgE-mediated enhancement of immune responses in vivo. We recently found that CD23(+) B cells capture IgE-antigen complexes in peripheral blood and rapidly transport them to B cell follicles in the spleen. This provides an alternative explanation for the requirement for CD23(+) B cells. The aim of the present study was to determine whether B-cell mediated antigen presentation of IgE-antigen complexes explains the enhancing effect of IgE on immune responses in vivo. The ability of spleen cells, taken from mice 1-4 h after immunization with IgE-antigen, to present antigen to specific CD4(+) T cells was analyzed. Antigen presentation was intact when spleens were depleted of CD19(+) cells (i.e., primarily B cells) but was severely impaired after depletion of CD11c(+) cells (i.e., primarily dendritic cells). In agreement with this, the ability of IgE to enhance proliferation of CD4(+) T cells was abolished in CD11c-DTR mice conditionally depleted of CD11c(+) cells. Finally, the lack of IgE-mediated enhancemen of CD4(+) T cell responses in CD23(-/-) mice could be rescued by transfer of MHC-II-compatible as well as by MHC-II-incompatible CD23(+) B cells. These findings argue against the idea that IgE-mediated enhancement of specific CD4(+) T cell responses in vivo is caused by increased antigen presentation by B cells. A model where CD23(+) B cells act as antigen transporting cells, delivering antigen to CD11c(+) cells for presentation to T cells is consistent with available experimental data.
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| 26. |
- Henningsson, Louise, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Interleukin 15 Mediates Joint Destruction in Staphylococcus Aureus Arthritis
- 2012
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In: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 206:5, s. 687-696
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Staphylococcus aureus arthritis causes severe and rapid joint damage despite antibiotics. Thus, there is a need to identify new treatment targets in addition to antibiotics. Lately, interleukin 15 (IL-15) has been implicated both in osteoclastogenesis and in bacterial clearance-2 important issues in S. aureus-induced joint destruction. This has prompted us to investigate the importance of IL-15 in S. aureus-induced arthritis. Methods.Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 producing S. aureus was intravenously inoculated in IL-15 knockout and wildtype mice and in wildtype mice treated with anti-IL-15 antibodies (aIL-15ab) or isotype control antibody. Results.Absence of IL-15, either in knockout mice or after treatment with aIL-15ab, significantly reduced weight loss compared with controls during the infection. The severity of synovitis and joint destruction was significantly decreased in IL-15 knockout and aIL-15ab treated mice compared with controls. In IL-15 knockout mice there was a reduced number of osteoclasts in the joints. The host's ability to clear bacteria was not influenced in the IL-15 knockout mice, but significantly increased after treatment with aIL-15ab. Conclusions.IL-15 is a mediator of joint destruction in S. aureus-induced arthritis and contributes to general morbidity, which makes this cytokine an interesting treatment target in addition to conventional antibiotics.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Henningsson, Susanne, 1977, et al.
(author)
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A randomized placebo-controlled intranasal oxytocin study on first impressions and reactions to social rejection
- 2021
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In: Biological Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-0511 .- 1873-6246. ; 164
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Oxytocin is central to pair-bonding in non-human animals. We assessed effects of intranasal oxytocin on bond formation between two opposite-sex strangers. In a double-blind placebo-controlled design, 50 pairs of one man and one woman received oxytocin or placebo spray intranasally. After treatment, they played a social interaction game, followed by tasks designed to measure first impressions of the opposite-sex co-participant, and a virtual ball-tossing game (cyberball), designed to measure reactions to rejection by the co-participant. We found no evidence that intranasal oxytocin can improve first impressions of an opposite-sex stranger, and some Bayesian support against this hypothesis. For rejection sensitivity, we observed a sex-and-context-dependent drug effect on post-ostracism mood ratings, consistent with recent studies indicating that interindividual variation and social context can interact with intranasal oxytocin effects. Further research is needed to determine the generalisability of these findings, i.e. if oxytocin can improve first impressions in humans under different conditions.
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| 29. |
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