| 71. |
- Guarin, Jose Rafael, et al.
(författare)
-
Impacts of tropospheric ozone and climate change on Mexico wheat production
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Climatic Change. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-1480 .- 0165-0009. ; 155:2, s. 157-174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wheat is an important staple crop sensitive to negative effects from elevated tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) concentrations, but the impacts of future O 3 concentrations on wheat production in Mexico are unknown. To determine these impacts, the O 3 -modified DSSAT-NWheat crop model was used to simulate wheat production in Mexico using a baseline scenario with pre-industrial O 3 concentrations from 1980 to 2010 and five Global Climate Models (GCMs) under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario from 2041 to 2070 paired with future O 3 concentrations from the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) Meteorological Synthesizing Centre–West (MSC-W) model. Thirty-two representative major wheat-producing locations in Mexico were simulated assuming both irrigated and rainfed conditions for two O 3 sensitivity cultivar classifications. The simulations showed large variability (after averaging over 30 years) in yield loss, ranging from 7 to 26% because of O 3 impact, depending on the location, irrigation, and climate change emissions scenario. After upscaling and aggregating the simulations to the country scale based on observed irrigated and rainfed production, national wheat production for Mexico is expected to decline by 12% under the future RCP 8.5 climate change scenario with additional losses of 7 to 18% because of O 3 impact, depending on the cultivar O 3 sensitivity. This yield loss caused by O 3 is comparable with, or even larger than, the impact from projected future climatic change in temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Therefore, O 3 impacts should be considered in future agricultural impact assessments.
|
|
| 72. |
- Hasselquist, Sten, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring the stellar age distribution of the milky way bulge using APOGEE
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 901:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present stellar age distributions of the Milky Way bulge region using ages for ∼6000 high-luminosity (log(g)< 2.0), metal-rich ([Fe/H] ≥ -0.5) bulge stars observed by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment. Ages are derived using The Cannon label-transfer method, trained on a sample of nearby luminous giants with precise parallaxes for which we obtain ages using a Bayesian isochrone-matching technique. We find that the metal-rich bulge is predominantly composed of old stars (>8 Gyr). We find evidence that the planar region of the bulge (ZGC| 0.25 kpc) is enriched in metallicity, Z, at a faster rate (dZ/dt ∼ 0.0034 Gyr-1) than regions farther from the plane (dZ/dt ∼ 0.0013 Gyr-1 at | ZGC| > 1.00 kpc). We identify a nonnegligible fraction of younger stars (age ∼2-5 Gyr) at metallicities of +0.2 < [Fe/H] < +0.4. These stars are preferentially found in the plane (ZGC| ≤ 0.25 kpc) and at R cy ≈ 2-3 kpc, with kinematics that are more consistent with rotation than are the kinematics of older stars at the same metallicities. We do not measure a significant age difference between stars found inside and outside the bar. These findings show that the bulge experienced an initial starburst that was more intense close to the plane than far from the plane. Then, star formation continued at supersolar metallicities in a thin disk at 2 kpc ≲ R cy ≲ 3 kpc until ∼2 Gyr ago.
|
|
| 73. |
- Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, et al.
(författare)
-
Modelling QoS for Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2010
-
Ingår i: IFIP International Federation for Information Processing. - Boston, MA : Springer US. - 1571-5736. ; 248:1, s. 143-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network composed of spatially distributed and tiny autonomous nodes - smart dust sensors, motes - which cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions. Nowadays these kinds of networks support a wide range of applications, such as target tracking, security, environmental control, habitat monitoring, source detection, source localization, vehicular and traffic monitoring, health monitoring, building and industrial monitoring, etc. Generally, these applications have strong and strict requirements for end-to-end delaying and loosing during data transmissions. In this paper, we propose a realistic scenario for application of the WSN field in order to illustrate selection of an appropriate approach for guaranteeing performance in a WSN-deployed application. The methodology we have used includes four major phases: 1) Requirements analysis of the application scenario; 2) QoS modeling in different layers of the communications protocol stack and selection of more suitable QoS protocols and mechanisms; 3) Definition of a simulation model based on an application scenario, to which we applied the protocols and mechanisms selected in the phase 2; and 4) Validation of decisions by means of simulation and analysis of results. This work has been partially financed by the "Universidad Politécnica de Madrid" and the "Comunidad de Madrid" in the framework of the project CRISAL - M0700204174.
|
|
| 74. |
- Meszaros, Szabolcs, et al.
(författare)
-
Homogeneous analysis of globular clusters from the APOGEE survey with the BACCHUS code - III. omega Cen
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press. - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 505:2, s. 1645-1660
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the multiple populations of omega Cen by using the abundances of Fe, C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, and Ce from the high-resolution, high signal-to-noise (S/N > 70) spectra of 982 red giant stars observed by the SDSS-IV/APOGEE-2 survey. We find that the shape of the Al-Mg and N-C anticorrelations changes as a function of metallicity, continuous for the metal-poor groups, but bimodal (or unimodal) at high metallicities. There are four Fe populations, similarly to previous literature findings, but we find seven populations based on Fe, Al, and Mg abundances. The evolution of Al in omega Cen is compared to its evolution in the Milky Way and in five representative globular clusters. We find that the distribution of Al in metal-rich stars of omega Cen closely follows what is observed in the Galaxy. Other alpha-elements and C, N, O, and Ce are also compared to the Milky Way, and significantly elevated abundances are observed over what is found in the thick disc for almost all elements. However, we also find some stars with high metallicity and low [Al/Fe], suggesting that omega Cen could be the remnant core of a dwarf galaxy, but the existence of these peculiar stars needs an independent confirmation. We also confirm the increase in the sum of CNO as a function of metallicity previously reported in the literature and find that the [C/N] ratio appears to show opposite correlations between Al-poor and Al-rich stars as a function of metallicity.
|
|
| 75. |
- Pino-Chamorro, Jose Ángel, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanism of [3+2] Cycloaddition of Alkynes to the [Mo3S4(acac)(3)(py)(3)][PF6] Cluster
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 21:7, s. 2835-2844
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study, involving kinetic measurements on the stopped-flow and conventional UV/Vis timescales, ESI-MS, NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, has been carried out to understand the mechanism of the reaction of [Mo3S4(acac)(3)(py)(3)][PF6] ([1]PF6; acac = acetylacetonate, py = pyridine) with two RC equivalent to CR alkynes (R = CH2OH (btd), COOH (adc)) in CH3CN. Both reactions show polyphasic kinetics, but experimental and computational data indicate that alkyne activation occurs in a single kinetic step through a concerted mechanism similar to that of organic [3+2] cycloaddition reactions, in this case through the interaction with one Mo(mu-S)(2) moiety of [1](+). The rate of this step is three orders of magnitude faster for adc than that for btd, and the products initially formed evolve in subsequent steps into compounds that result from substitution of py ligands or from reorganization to give species with different structures. Activation strain analysis of the [3+2] cycloaddition step reveals that the deformation of the two reactants has a small contribution to the difference in the computed activation barriers, which is mainly associated with the change in the extent of their interaction at the transition-state structures. Subsequent frontier molecular orbital analysis shows that the carboxylic acid substituents on adc stabilize its HOMO and LUMO orbitals with respect to those on btd due to better electron-withdrawing properties. As a result, the frontier molecular orbitals of the cluster and alkyne become closer in energy; this allows a stronger interaction.
|
|
| 76. |
- Proletov, Ian, et al.
(författare)
-
Primary and secondary glomerulonephritides 1.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 29 Suppl 3:May, s. 186-200
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 77. |
- Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, et al.
(författare)
-
Rationale and methods of the European Study on Cardiovascular Risk Prevention and Management in Daily Practice (EURIKA)
- 2010
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EURIKA study aims to assess the status of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) acrossEurope. Specifically, it will determine the degree of control of cardiovascular risk factors in current clinical practice in relation to the European guidelines on cardiovascular prevention. It will also assess physicians' knowledge and attitudes about CVD prevention as well as the barriers impeding effective risk factor management in clinical practice.
|
|
| 78. |
- Schülke, Anett, et al.
(författare)
-
A middleware platform for integrated building performance management
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Contributions to building physics. - Vienna : Department of building physics and building ecology. - 9783854373216 ; , s. 459-466
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- For today's building operation business, intelligent building performance analysis solutions with the strength for high replication potential are on urgent demand. While ICT is available throughout today's daily life, it is however still a challenge to bring the right data at the right time to the right decision makers in order to impact energy efficiency and savings for buildings, while operating in a highly competitive market place. With a multitude of BMS solutions and their proprietary performance calculations approach in the market, improvement of Building Performance needs to address other data sources as well, like geometric data, weather, occupancy, building services, and control/actuation data. These diverse data sources ask for an integrating ICT solution for data acquisition, storage, and analysis contribute to Building Performance calculations with emphasis on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Accommodating such information exchange demands the services of an effective and efficient middleware. This paper provides the description of an integration middleware and discusses relevant complexities experienced through achievements concerning the EU FP7 CAMPUS21 project.
|
|
| 79. |
- Teixeira, Marcos A.L., et al.
(författare)
-
Revealing the diversity of the green Eulalia (Annelida, Phyllodocidae) species complex along the European coast, with description of three new species
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Organisms Diversity and Evolution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6092 .- 1618-1077. ; 23:3, s. 477-503
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The green phyllodocids Eulalia clavigera and E. viridis are a known European pseudo-cryptic complex, but questions about its distribution and evidence of additional lineages in previous studies call for an investigation of the real diversity within the complex. We analyze DNA sequences (mtCOI-5P, ITS, and 28S rRNA) of different populations of E. clavigera from intertidal and subtidal marine waters along the North East Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, theAzores and Webbnesia (Madeira, Savage islands andCanaries), and populations of E. viridis from the Scandinavia. This provided compelling evidence for the existence of six additional divergent evolutionary lineages, three of the most abundant being described here as new species: Eulalia feliciae sp. nov., intertidal and unique to the Western Mediterranean, Eulalia madeirensis sp. nov., subtidal and unique to the Madeira Island (Portugal), and Eulalia xanthomucosa sp. nov., mostly subtidal and occurring in the British Isles and southern France. Complementary morphometric analyses showed that E. feliciae sp. nov. and E. madeirensis sp. nov. formed two independent morphometric clusters, while E. xanthomucosa sp. nov. often overlapped with E. clavigera sensu stricto (s. s.), although being unique in showing a yellow coloration and parapodial cirri on median segments larger in relation to its body size. Recent biotechnological findings based on “E. clavigera” specimens highlight the importance of formally describing cryptic complexes, since each lineage chemistry might be unique and may have a range of distinct effects and applications.
|
|
| 80. |
- Thomas, Kevin V, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing illicit drug use in 19 European cities through sewage analysis
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 432, s. 432-439
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analysis of sewage for urinary biomarkers of illicit drugs is a promising and complementary approach for estimating the use of these substances in the general population. For the first time, this approach was simultaneously applied in 19 European cities, making it possible to directly compare illicit drug loads in Europe over a 1-week period. An inter-laboratory comparison study was performed to evaluate the analytical performance of the participating laboratories. Raw 24-hour composite sewage samples were collected from 19 European cities during a single week in March 2011 and analyzed for the urinary biomarkers of cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy, methamphetamine and cannabis using in-house optimized and validated analytical methods. The load of each substance used in each city was back-calculated from the measured concentrations. The data show distinct temporal and spatial patterns in drug use across Europe. Cocaine use was higher in Western and Central Europe and lower in Northern and Eastern Europe. The extrapolated total daily use of cocaine in Europe during the study period was equivalent to 356kg/day. High per capita ecstasy loads were observed in Dutch cities, as well as in Antwerp and London. In general, cocaine and ecstasy loads were significantly elevated during the weekend compared to weekdays. Per-capita loads of methamphetamine were highest in Helsinki and Turku, Oslo and Budweis, while the per capita loads of cannabis were similar throughout Europe. This study shows that a standardized analysis for illicit drug urinary biomarkers in sewage can be applied to estimate and compare the use of these substances at local and international scales. This approach has the potential to deliver important information on drug markets (supply indicator).
|
|
