| 41. |
- Hagiwara, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Review of particle physics
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review D (Particles and Fields). - 0556-2821. ; 66:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review) Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website http //pdg 1b1 gov.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Jackson, AD, et al.
(författare)
-
Lieb mode in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 89:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We calculate the dispersion relation associated with a solitary wave in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms confined in a harmonic, cylindrical trap in the limit of weak and strong interactions. In both cases, the dispersion relation is linear for long-wavelength excitations and terminates at the point where the group velocity vanishes. We also calculate the dispersion relation of sound waves in both limits of weak and strong coupling.
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| 44. |
- Jackson, AD, et al.
(författare)
-
Propagation of exciton pulses in semiconductors
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Europhysics Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 0295-5075 .- 1286-4854. ; 59:6, s. 807-813
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using toy model, we examine the propagation of excitons in Cu2O, which form localized pulses under certain experimental conditions. The formation of these waves is attributed to the effect of dispersion, non-linearity and the coupling of the excitons to phonons, which acts as dissipative mechanism.
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| 45. |
- Jackson, AD, et al.
(författare)
-
Vortices and hysteresis in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate with anharmonic confinement
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 70:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine an effectively repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms that rotates in a quadratic-plus-quartic trapping potential. We investigate the phase diagram of the system as a function of the angular frequency of rotation and of the coupling constant, demonstrating that there are phase transitions between multiply and singly quantized vortex states. We also show that states of different circulation can be metastable and, as a result, the gas can exhibit hysteresis as the angular frequency of rotation of the trap is varied. The simplicity of the picture that emerges for small coupling strengths suggests that this system may be attractive for studies of phase transitions.
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| 46. |
- Kavoulakis, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
-
Rotating Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive interactions
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 70:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine the phase diagram of a Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms, interacting with an attractive pseudopotential, in a quadratic-plus-quartic potential trap rotating at a given rate. Investigating the behavior of the gas as a function of interaction strength and rotational frequency of the trap, we find that the phase diagram has three distinct phases: one with vortex excitation, one with center-of-mass excitation, and an unstable phase in which the gas collapses.
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| 47. |
- Kilpelainen, TO, et al.
(författare)
-
Multi-ancestry study of blood lipid levels identifies four loci interacting with physical activity
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - London : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 376-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many genetic loci affect circulating lipid levels, but it remains unknown whether lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, modify these genetic effects. To identify lipid loci interacting with physical activity, we performed genome-wide analyses of circulating HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in up to 120,979 individuals of European, African, Asian, Hispanic, and Brazilian ancestry, with follow-up of suggestive associations in an additional 131,012 individuals. We find four loci, in/near CLASP1, LHX1, SNTA1, and CNTNAP2, that are associated with circulating lipid levels through interaction with physical activity; higher levels of physical activity enhance the HDL cholesterol-increasing effects of the CLASP1, LHX1, and SNTA1 loci and attenuate the LDL cholesterol-increasing effect of the CNTNAP2 locus. The CLASP1, LHX1, and SNTA1 regions harbor genes linked to muscle function and lipid metabolism. Our results elucidate the role of physical activity interactions in the genetic contribution to blood lipid levels.
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| 48. |
- Kurilshikov, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
-
Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 53:2, s. 156-165
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the effect of host genetics on gut microbiome composition, the MiBioGen consortium curated and analyzed genome-wide genotypes and 16S fecal microbiome data from 18,340 individuals (24 cohorts). Microbial composition showed high variability across cohorts: only 9 of 410 genera were detected in more than 95% of samples. A genome-wide association study of host genetic variation regarding microbial taxa identified 31 loci affecting the microbiome at a genome-wide significant (P < 5 x 10(-8)) threshold. One locus, the lactase (LCT) gene locus, reached study-wide significance (genome-wide association study signal: P = 1.28 x 10(-20)), and it showed an age-dependent association with Bifidobacterium abundance. Other associations were suggestive (1.95 x 10(-10) < P < 5 x 10(-8)) but enriched for taxa showing high heritability and for genes expressed in the intestine and brain. A phenome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization identified enrichment of microbiome trait loci in the metabolic, nutrition and environment domains and suggested the microbiome might have causal effects in ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
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