| 21. |
- Amin, Nadia Emad Lotfi, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized Phase II trial of combination chemotherapy with panitumumab or bevacizumab for patients with inoperable biliary tract cancer without KRAS exon 2 mutations
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 149:1, s. 119-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are rare and often diagnosed in late stages with advanced, nonresectable disease. The targeted agents panitumumab and bevacizumab have shown promising outcomes in combination with chemotherapy in other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. We wanted to investigate if panitumumab or bevacizumab was the most promising drug to add to chemotherapy. Eighty-eight patients were randomized to combination chemotherapy supplemented by either panitumumab 6 mg/kg or bevacizumab 10 mg/kg on Day 1 in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. All patients received gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on Day 1, oxaliplatin 60 mg/m2 on Day 1 and capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily from Days 1 to 7. Treatment was repeated every 2 weeks until progression or for a maximum of 6 months. At progression, crossover was made to the other treatment arm. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months. With 19 of 45 in Arm A and 23 of 43 in Arm B PFS at 6 months, the primary endpoint was not met. The overall response rate (ORR) was 45% vs 20% (P =.03), median PFS was 6.1 months vs 8.2 months (P =.13) and median overall survival (OS) was 9.5 months vs 12.3 months (P =.47) in Arm A and Arm B, respectively. Our study showed no consistent differences between adding panitumumab or bevacizumab to chemotherapy in nonresectable BTC and none of the two regimens qualify for testing in Phase III. However, we found a higher response rate in the panitumumab arm with potential implication for future trials in the neoadjuvant setting.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Antonsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling Colloidal Particle Aggregation Using Cluster Aggregation with Multiple Particle Interactions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 128:18, s. 4513-4524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we investigate the aggregation dynamics of colloidal silica by generating simulated structures and comparing them to experimental data gathered through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). More specifically, diffusion-limited cluster aggregation and reaction-limited cluster aggregation models with different functions for the probability of particles sticking upon contact were used. Aside from using a constant sticking probability, the sticking probability was allowed to depend on the masses of the colliding clusters and on the number of particles close to the collision between clusters. The different models of the sticking probability were evaluated based on the goodness-of-fit of spatial summary statistics. Furthermore, the models were compared to the experimental data by calculating the structures’ fractal dimension and mass transport properties from simulations of flow and diffusion. The sticking probability, depending on the interaction with multiple particles close to the collision site, led to structures most similar to the STEM data.
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| 24. |
- Asker, Noomi, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Biomarker responses in eelpouts from four coastal areas in Sweden, Denmark and Germany
- 2016
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Ingår i: Marine Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-1136 .- 1879-0291. ; 120, s. 32-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To increase our understanding of possible chemical impacts on coastal fish populations in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat and Skagerrak, the viviparous eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) was used as sentinel species in two major sampling campaigns (spring and autumn) in 16 different coastal sites. Condition factor (CF), liver somatic index (LSI), gonad somatic index (GSI) were measured and the activity of the hepatic enzymes ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione reductase GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and muscular activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were assessed. PAH metabolites in bile were also analyzed. The most notable finding in the data set was the low EROD activity in eelpouts collected at the relatively polluted region in Germany compared to the other regions, which could be due to an inhibition of the CYP1A-system or to adaptation to chronic exposure of pollutants in this area. Additionally, low AChE activity was noted in the German region in the autumn campaign and low AChE activity detected in the Danish region in the spring campaign. These differences suggest possible season-specific differences in the use and release of AChE-inhibiting chemicals in the Danish and German regions. Clustering of biomarkers on site level indicated a relationship between CF and GSI and suggested that sites with a high CF contained eelpout that put a larger effort into their larvae development. Clustering of the oxidative stress markers GR, GST and CAT on the individual level reflected a possible coordinated regulation of these enzymes. Overall, the results support the importance of taking into account general regional differences and seasonal variation in biomarker activity when monitoring and assessing the effects of pollution. Despite the expected seasonal variation for most of the measured endpoint, several markers (GSI, EROD and CF) vary similarly between all selected sites in both spring and autumn. This suggests that the differences between sites for these endpoints are independent of season.
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| 25. |
- Bengtsson, Jakob, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Modifying H− resonance asymmetries with short light pulses
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 85:5, s. 053413-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a method, based on time-dependent perturbation theory and complex rotation, to treat the interaction of a short light pulse with a correlated atomic system. The pulse is built from two short and weak pulses with Gaussian envelopes that are centred at two different frequencies.The method is applied to the negative hydrogen ion in the vicinity of a doubly excited resonanceand it is shown that the two light pulses can be used to alter the Fano profile of a resonance.
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| 26. |
- Bengtsson, Jakob, 1980-
(författare)
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On the use of the uniform complex scaling-method for studying time-dependent systems
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the last few decades, laser technology has gone through a series of revolutionary improvements. With light pulses in the sub-femtosecond regime now experimentally available, an explicit time-dependent Hamilton operator is indispensable for a proper theoretical description of the interactions of atoms with such pulses. However, these theoretical studies are computationally very demanding, which motivates the search for new numerical methods and algorithms to approach time-dependent problems. This thesis contributes to this research field, with the main focus on the use of complex-scaled Hamilton operators. Thus, the formalism of complex scaling is studied in the context of its application to explicitly time-dependent atomic systems. Both non-relativistic and relativistic dynamics are investigated. The numerical advantages and the possibilities to extract physical quantities from complex-scaled wave functions are discussed. Of special interest is the ability to treat resonance states. These are multiply excited electronic states with sufficient energy to decay through Auger transitions to the surrounding continuum. With complex scaling, the Hamilton operator is non-Hermitian and such resonance states can be obtained as eigenstates. To analyze the non-bound part of the wave function requires essentially the construction of a second wave function; the left state vector. This additional wave function is, however, not easily constructed numerically in the complex scaling-method. To circumvent some of the numerical problems, we have proposed three different methods. These methods are based on Floquet theory, a propagation on a complex time-grid and time-dependent perturbation theory. By carefully investigating the numerical properties of the left state vector, we have thus studied the non-bound part of the system.
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| 27. |
- Bengtsson, Jakob, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation using uniform complex scaling
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 78:3, s. 032502-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formalism of complex rotation of the radial coordinate is studied in the context of time-dependent systems. The applicability of this method is discussed and illustrated with numerical examples involving atoms exposed to electromagnetic field pulses. Complex rotation proves to be an efficient tool to obtain ionization probabilities and rates. Although, in principle, any information about the system may be obtained from the rotated wave function by transforming it back to its unrotated form, a good description of the ionized part of the wave function is generally subject to numerical challenges. It is, however, found that the combination of complex rotation and Floquet formalism offers an alternative and promising possibility to retrieve the physical information.
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| 28. |
- Bengtsson, Jakob, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Wave functions associated with time-dependent, complex-scaled Hamiltoniansevaluated on a complex time grid
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 85:1, s. 013419-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We solve the time-dependent Schr ̈ dinger equation with the method of uniform complex scaling and investigateothe possibility to evaluate the solution on a complex time grid. With this approach it is possible to calculateproperties that relate directly to the continuum part of the complex scaled wave function, such as the photoelectronspectrum after photoabsorption.
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| 29. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 30. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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